J

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See also: j [U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J], Appendix:Variations of "j", and ل [U+0644 ARABIC LETTER LAM]

J U+004A, J
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
I
[U+0049]
Basic Latin K
[U+004B]
U+FF2A, J
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J

[U+FF29]
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms
[U+FF2B]

Translingual edit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology edit

From a modification of the Latin letter I (i), from the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i, i), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, iota), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, yod), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.

Letter edit

J (lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also edit

Symbol edit

J

  1. (metrology) The symbol for joule, the unit of work or energy in the International System of Units
  2. jack (playing card)
  3. (linguistics) A wildcard for a palatal consonant
    Synonym: Ɉ
  4. (Voice Quality Symbols) position of the jaw (modified for protruded, offset, etc.)
  5. (clothing) Bra cup size.

Numeral edit

J (upper case Roman numeral, lower case j)

  1. Archaic form of I (1) used at the end of a number.
    VIIJ8

Gallery edit

See also edit

Other representations of J:

English edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

(file)

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j, plural Js or J's)

  1. The tenth letter of the English alphabet, called jay and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes edit

  • In some names beginning with "J" of northern or eastern European origin, "J" is pronounced as a "Y", for example in the former country of Jugoslavia, which in English more recently is more commonly spelled as Yugoslavia.
  • In Spanish names and loanwords beginning with "J", the "J" is usually pronounced as an "H", for example in the name Julio.

See also edit

Noun edit

J (plural Js or J's or JJ)

  1. (slang) (plural Js or J's) A marijuana cigarette. (Abbreviation of joint.)
    • 1980 July, Paul Simon (lyrics and music), “Late in the Evening”, in One-Trick Pony:
      I stepped outside to smoke myself a J.
    • 1998, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski (motion picture), spoken by The Dude (Jeff Bridges):
      Mind if I do a J?
    • 2023, “Modern Day Ripoff”, in Every Loser, performed by Iggy Pop:
      I ran out of blow a long time ago / I can't smoke a J or my guts fly away
  2. In the name of a serial publication: abbreviation of Journal.
    • 1969, The Law Commission, Family Law: Report on Financial Provision in Matrimonial Proceedings (Law Com. No. 25)‎[1], London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, →OCLC, paragraph 29, note 57:
      "Custody or upbringing" is regarded as including access; yet in B. v. B. & F. above no regard was paid to the welfare of the infants which was irrelevant to the particular issue with which the court was concerned—namely whether children were "children of the family". But the effect was to deprive the husband of access and it seems clear that whether or not he was the father, access could have been awarded to him in an application other than under s. 34 of the 1965 Act if the welfare of the children so demanded: [1969] Cam. L.J. [Cambridge Law Journal] 37 []
  3. (law, postnominal) (plural JJ) Abbreviation of judge or justice.
    • 1992 June 3, Chief Justice Anthony Mason, Justice Michael McHugh, “Mabo v Queensland (No 2)”, in Australasian Legal Information Institute[2], High Court of Australia:
      In the result, six members of the Court (Dawson J. dissenting) are in agreement that the common law of this country recognizes a form of native title which, in the cases where it has not been extinguished, reflects the entitlement of the indigenous inhabitants, in accordance with their laws or customs, to their traditional lands and that, subject to the effect of some particular Crown leases, the land entitlement of the Murray Islanders in accordance with their laws or customs is preserved, as native title, under the law of Queensland. The main difference between those members of the Court who constitute the majority is that, subject to the operation of the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth), neither of us nor Brennan J. agrees with the conclusion to be drawn from the judgments of Deane, Toohey and Gaudron JJ. that, at least in the absence of clear and unambiguous statutory provision to the contrary, extinguishment of native title by the Crown by inconsistent grant is wrongful and gives rise to a claim for compensatory damages.
  4. (Britain, road transport) Abbreviation of junction.
    The Highways Agency plan to close J10 of the M5 to refurbish the motorway bridge.
  5. (card games) Abbreviation of jack.
  6. (basketball) Abbreviation of jump shot.
    • 2017 February 18, Mike Gantner, “Durant a big admirer of DeRozan and his work ethic”, in Toronto Sun[3]:
      And Durant had a front seat for just how much work DeRozan was putting in during their time together in Rio. "I watched him man," Durant said. "His footwork in the post is flawless. His jump shot in the mid-range is incredible. That is the type of stuff I look at as a basketball guy, his footwork, his mechanics on his J, his handle. At first he was a dunker and he barely dunks now. He’s a finesse player but he can play power forward. I’m a big fan."
  7. (slang, chiefly in the plural) (plural Js or J's) an Air Jordan shoe
    • 2022 December 21, Ghetto Smosh, 1:57 from the start, in MY J’S CAN TALK!?!?[4]:
      Don't pay no mind, Antwon, it's just an angry-ass J...

Related terms edit

Translations edit

References edit

Proper noun edit

J

  1. (religion) Abbreviation of Jehovist.

See also edit

Afrikaans edit

Pronunciation edit

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /jɛ/

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Noun edit

J (plural J's, diminutive J'tjie)

  1. J

Angami edit

Letter edit

J

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Angami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Azerbaijani edit

Letter edit

J upper case (lower case j)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Basque edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (Southern) /xota/, [xo̞.t̪a]
  • IPA(key): (Northern) /jota/, [jo̞.t̪a]

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called jota and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Central Franconian edit

Etymology edit

  • /j/, /ɣ/ are from West Germanic stem-initial *j; from stem-internal *g; from stem-initial *g in Ripuarian and northernmost Moselle Franconian.

Pronunciation edit

  • /j/, [j], (Moselle Franconian also) [ʑ]

Letter edit

J

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes edit

  • After back vowels, /ɣ/ (see G) is used instead of /j/ with few exceptions. The difference between these is thus widely allophonic.

Chinese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Initialism of jer (penis).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

J

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang, euphemistic) penis (Classifier: c)
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) person
    JJ [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  fai3 zei1 [Jyutping]  ―  useless person; loser
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit

Verb edit

J (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang)

  1. to masturbate; to have sexual fantasy towards another individual
  2. (in general) to fantasize; to fantasize about something for the feel-good feeling
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.
J
alternative forms Cantonese

From the letter J of the English pattern playing cards. Various names exist for this symbol in the spoken language.

Mandarin gōu
From (gōu, hook), because the letter J resembles a hook.
Cantonese zik1
Borrowed from English jack.

Pronunciation edit


Noun edit

J

  1. (card games) jack (Classifier: ; )
Synonyms edit

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit


Pronoun edit

J

  1. (Mandarin, slang) Alternative form of

Etymology 4 edit

Pronunciation 1 edit


Note: 3jje - often [dʑ(i)e˨˥˧].
Letter edit

J

  1. The tenth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2 edit


Letter edit

J

  1. The tenth letter used in Pinyin.
Usage notes edit
  • 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

Chipewyan edit

Pronunciation edit

  1. IPA(key): /t͜ʃ/

Letter edit

J (lower case j)

  1. A letter of the Chipewyan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Dutch edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (capital, lowercase j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also edit

  • Previous letter: I
  • Next letter: K

Esperanto edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo or je and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Estonian edit

 
Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Finnish edit

Etymology edit

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and J for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

German edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the German alphabet, called Jot and written in the Latin script.

Symbol edit

J

  1. (chemistry) The chemical symbol of iodine.
  2. (card games) A jack, also called Junge.

Hungarian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈj]
  • (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈjeː]

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called and written in the Latin script.

Declension edit

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative J J-k
accusative J-t J-ket
dative J-nek J-knek
instrumental J-vel J-kkel
causal-final J-ért J-kért
translative J-vé J-kké
terminative J-ig J-kig
essive-formal J-ként J-kként
essive-modal
inessive J-ben J-kben
superessive J-n J-ken
adessive J-nél J-knél
illative J-be J-kbe
sublative J-re J-kre
allative J-hez J-khez
elative J-ből J-kből
delative J-ről J-kről
ablative J-től J-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
J-é J-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
J-éi J-kéi
Possessive forms of J
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. J-m J-im
2nd person sing. J-d J-id
3rd person sing. J-je J-i
1st person plural J-nk J-ink
2nd person plural J-tek J-itek
3rd person plural J-jük J-ik

See also edit

Further reading edit

  • j in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Ido edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Indonesian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒe/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Italian edit

 
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation edit

  • (letter name) IPA(key): /i‿lˈlun.ɡa/, /i‿lˈlun.ɡo/, /ˈd͡ʒɛj/, /ˈd͡ʒej/, /ˈjɔd/[1]
  • (phonemic realization) IPA(key): /j/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/ (varies according to the source language of the borrowed term)

Letter edit

J f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

Usage notes edit

  • The letter J is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. It is found in loanwords, including Latinisms, where it is a variant of the letter I.
  • Until the early 20th century, however, it was common (though surely not obligatory) to replace I with J when it had the sound /j/ and was both preceded and followed by a vowel; thus cuoiaio was also written cuojajo.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ J in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Kashubian edit

Etymology edit

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Latin edit

In Latin, the letter J is a modern typographical convention for the consonant form of I. The letter I in ancient times represented either a vowel or a consonant, see I for more information.

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J

  1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

References edit

Latvian edit

 
Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology edit

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation edit

(file)

Letter edit

 
J

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Malay edit

 
Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation edit

  • (Name of letter) IPA(key): [d͡ʒe]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA(key): [d͡ʒ]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA(key): [t͡ʃ]

Letter edit

J

  1. The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Norwegian edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case J, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Norwegian alphabet
Usage notes edit

In old inscriptions and texts may be replaced by i. In neo-runic inscriptions from 17-19th centuries is usually replaced with the rune (sometimes with a dot ontop, so it looks like the letter İ)

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from English J, a short form of joint

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Template:no-noun-mu

  1. (slang) a joint (marijuna cigarette)

Nupe edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Polish edit

Etymology edit

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Portuguese edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈʒɔ.tɐ/, [ˈʒɔ.tɐ]

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Romani edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. (International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

References edit

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “J, j”, in ニューエクスプレス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 14

Romanian edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Saanich edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Silesian edit

Etymology edit

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Skolt Sami edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (lower case j)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Slovene edit

 
Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Letter edit

J (capital, lowercase j)

  1. The 11th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by I and followed by K.

Somali edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J upper case (lower case j)

  1. The fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, called ja and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes edit

  1. The fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by T and followed by X.

See also edit

Spanish edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet

Swedish edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet

See also edit

Pronoun edit

J

  1. Archaic form of ni (you), alternative letter-case form of j [since 1522][1]
    Synonyms: I, i
    • 1740, Carl Gyllenborg, Swenska Sprätthöken, Comédie, Uti 5. Acter[5], page 40:
      [...] och då skall J få bli qwar i Stockholm, til deß måßan wäxer på Er, för Juncker Torbiörn.
      [...] and then You will stay in Stockholm, until the moss grows on you, for Juncker Torbiörn.

References edit

Tagalog edit

Etymology edit

From Spanish J. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English J.
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish J.

Pronunciation edit

  • Hyphenation: J
  • (letter name, Filipino alphabet): IPA(key): /djej/, [d͡ʒɛɪ̯]
  • (letter name, Abecedario): IPA(key): /ˈhota/, [ˈho.tɐ]
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /dj/, [d͡ʒ]
  • (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords): IPA(key): /h/, [h]
  • (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete): IPA(key): /s/, [s]
  • Rhymes: -ej, -ota

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j, Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜌ᜔)

  1. The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Filipino alphabet), called dyey and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes edit

  • This letter is mostly used only in slang, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.
  • Some purists of Tagalog replace J in words with DY.

See also edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜆ)

  1. (historical) The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called jota and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes edit

  • Some Spanish words originally with Spanish J tend to be replaced with H in Tagalog.

Further reading edit

  • J”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Uzbek edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (lower case j)

  1. The ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Welsh edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by I and followed by L.

Mutation edit

  • J cannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also edit

Further reading edit

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), chapter J, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba edit

Pronunciation edit

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒí/

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called and written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Zulu edit

Letter edit

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit