Wiktionary

勢

See also: 势
勢 U+52E2, 勢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52E2
← 勡
[U+52E1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勣 →
[U+52E3]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

勢 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土戈大尸 (GIKS), four-corner 45427, composition ⿱埶力)

Derived charactersEdit

Related charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 149, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2422
  • Dae Jaweon: page 336, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 377, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+52E2

ChineseEdit

trad. 勢
simp. 势
alternative forms 埶
㔟
𫝑

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (埶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
褹 *ŋr'eːds, *ŋeds
勢 *hŋjeds
藝 *ŋeds
囈 *ŋeds
埶 *ŋeds
蓺 *ŋeds
槸 *ŋeds
爇 *ŋʷjed
褻 *sŋed
暬 *sŋed
熱 *ŋjed
槷 *ŋeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hŋjeds): phonetic 埶 (OC *ŋeds) + semantic 力 (“power”).

EtymologyEdit

Nominalisation of 設 (OC *ŋ̊et, “to set up”), i.e. “that which is set up” (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Compare the following quote from Han Feizi:

吾所為言勢者，言人之所設也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
吾所为言势者，言人之所设也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCE
Wú suǒ wéi yán shì zhě, yán rén zhī suǒ shè yě. [Pinyin]
The setup (*ŋ̊et-s) of which I am speaking refers to what is set up (*ŋ̊et) by men.

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • sè - literary;
  • sì - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 勢
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 祭 (35)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 舒制切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕiᴇiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕiɛiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕjæiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕiajH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiɛiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭɛiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯ɛiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sai3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 勢
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ syejH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ŋ̊et-s/
    English circumstances, setting

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 勢
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15089
    Phonetic
    component         		埶
    Rime
    group         		祭
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		丗
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hŋjeds/

    DefinitionsEdit

    勢

    1. power; force; momentum; influence; authority
    2. outward appearance of something
    3. posture; position; pose; bearing
    4. situation; circumstances; conditions
    5. tendency; trend
    6. male genitals
      去勢／去势  ―  qùshì  ―  to castrate
    7. (set theory, of a set) cardinality
    8. (physics, mathematics) potential
    9. (Min Dong, Min Nan) Suffix for locality noun.

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 勢

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    勢

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. forces
    2. energy
    3. military strength

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    Kanji in this term
    勢
    せい
    Grade: 5
    on’yomi

    Derived from Middle Chinese 勢 (MC ɕiᴇiH).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    勢(せい) • (sei) ←せい (sei)?

    1. force

    SuffixEdit

    勢(せい) • (-sei) ←せい (sei)?

    1. group of people with a common trait
      海外勢(かいがいせい)
      kaigai-sei
      overseas fanbase
      CD勢(シーディーせい)
      shīdī-sei
      the type of person who prefers to purchase CDs

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    勢 (eumhun 형세 세 (hyeongse se))

    1. Hanja form? of 세 (“force”).

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    勢: Hán Nôm readings: thế, thể

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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