啄

啄 U+5544, 啄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5544 ← 啃 [U+5543] CJK Unified Ideographs 啅 → [U+5545]

Translingual

Han character

啄 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8 in Chinese, 口+7 in Japanese, 11 strokes in Chinese, 10 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 口一尸人 (RMSO), four-corner 6103₂, composition ⿰口豖)

Derived characters

• 𪳓

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 194, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3801
• Dae Jaweon: page 415, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 639, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5544

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (豖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
冢	*toŋʔ
塚	*toŋʔ
涿	*rtoːɡ
琢	*rtoːɡ
啄	*rtoːɡ, *toːɡ
諑	*rtoːɡ
剢	*toːɡ
瘃	*toɡ
豖	*tʰoɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtoːɡ, *toːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 豖 (OC *tʰoɡ)

Etymology 1

trad.		啄
simp. #		啄

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhuó (zhuo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zua²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): doek³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tuk
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tok / top / teh / terh
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁷tsoq; ⁸zoq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
    • Wade–Giles: cho²
    • Yale: jwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
    • Palladius: чжо (čžo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zua²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zua
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sua²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: doek³
    • Yale: deuk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: dêg³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tœːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: dug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /tuk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tok
    • Tâi-lô: tok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: top
    • Tâi-lô: top
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dob
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔp̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Yilan, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teh
    • Tâi-lô: teh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: deq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /teʔ³²/
    • IPA (Yilan): /teʔ²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: terh
    • Tâi-lô: terh
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /təʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /təʔ³²/

Note:

• tok - literary (“to peck; to take advantage (Quanzhou, Xiamen, Taiwan); with a sharp nose”);
• top - (“to take advantage”);
• teh/terh - vernacular (may not be etymologically related).

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁷tsoq; ⁸zoq
    • MiniDict: tsoh^入; zoh^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tsoq; ⁵zoq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/, /zoʔ¹²/

---

• Middle Chinese: tuwk, traewk

Rime
Character	啄	啄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	東 (3)	江 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	丁木切	竹角切
Baxter	tuwk	traewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuk̚/	/ʈˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tuk̚/	/ʈᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwk̚/	/ʈaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Wang Li	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	du	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	duk1	zok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-tˤ<r>ok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rtoːɡ/, /*toːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	啄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuó
Middle Chinese	‹ træwk ›
Old Chinese	/*mə-tˁ<r>ok/
English	to peck
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	啄	啄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1620	1622
Phonetic component	豖	豖
Rime group	屋	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	斲	𣫔
Old Chinese	/*rtoːɡ/	/*toːɡ/

Definitions

啄

1. to peck (to strike with the beak or bill)
2. (Hokkien) to take advantage of someone (such as raising prices) through deception or other means
3. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) with a sharp nose; having a nose shaped like a beak (used especially in compounds)

Compounds

• 一飲一啄／一饮一啄
• 剝剝啄啄／剥剥啄啄
• 剝啄／剥啄 (bōzhuó)
• 啄啄
• 啄木鳥／啄木鸟 (zhuómùniǎo)
• 啄針兒／啄针儿
• 啄食
• 彫啄／雕啄
• 燕啄皇孫／燕啄皇孙
• 阿啄仔 (a-tok-á)

 

Etymology 2

trad.		啄
simp. #		啄
alternative forms		𡁷

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): doeng¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: doeng¹
    • Yale: dēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tœːŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

啄 (Cantonese)

1. beak; bill
2. bulge; protrusion; point; tip

   美人啄 [Cantonese]  ―  mei⁵ jan⁴ doeng¹ [Jyutping]  ―  widow's peak

   尖啄 [Cantonese]  ―  zim¹ doeng¹ [Jyutping]  ―  acme

3. to peck

   雞啄唔斷／鸡啄唔断 [Cantonese]  ―  gai¹ doeng¹ m⁴ tyun⁵ [Jyutping]  ―  to talk endlessly

4. to bite or hold with the mouth
5. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
   • (Can we date this quote?), 東張西望‎^[2]:

     網購「刷單」騙局無底洞！輕鬆啄你幾十萬

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

6. to pick on; to target someone personally

Compounds

• 尖啄 (zim¹ doeng¹)
• 美人啄 (mei⁵ jan⁴ doeng¹)
• 翻啄 (faan¹ doeng¹)
• 雞啄唔斷／鸡啄唔断 (gai¹ doeng¹ m⁴ tyun⁵)

 

References

• “啄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	啄
Kyūjitai	啄󠄁 啄+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	啄󠄅 啄+󠄅? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

啄

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. to peck at

Readings

• Go-on: たく (taku); つく (tsuku)
• Kan-on: たく (taku); とく (toku)
• Kun: ついばむ (tsuibamu, 啄む); つつく (tsutsuku, 啄く)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
啄
たく Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 啄 (MC tuwk|traewk).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) た​く [táꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ta̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

啄(たく) • (taku) 

1. the seventh of the Eight Principles of Yong

Hypernyms

• 永字八法(えいじはっぽう) (eiji happō, “the Eight Principles of Yong”)

Coordinate terms

• 側(そく) (soku, “the first of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 勒(ろく) (roku, “the second of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 努(ど) (do, “the third of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 趯(てき) (teki, “the fourth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 策(さく) (saku, “the fifth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 掠(りゃく) (ryaku, “the sixth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 磔(たく) (taku, “the eighth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)

Korean

Hanja

啄 (eum 탁 (tak))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

啄: Hán Nôm readings: trác, trốc, chác

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.