几

See also: 凡, 凢, 儿, and 幾

几	U+51E0, 几 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51E0

← 凟
[U+51DF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

凡 →
[U+51E1]

⼏	U+2F0F, ⼏ KANGXI RADICAL TABLE

← ⼎
[U+2F0E]

Kangxi Radicals

⼐ →
[U+2F10]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 16 几

几 (Kangxi radical 16, 几+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓 (HN), four-corner 7721₀, composition ⿰丿㇈)

Kangxi radical #16, ⼏.
Shuōwén Jiězì radical №493

Usage notesEdit

This character is not to be confused with 𠘧 (U+20627) which is another radical in Shuōwén.

Derived charactersEdit

Appendix:Chinese radical/几
仉, 叽, 𡚫, 㞦, 𢁒, 𢎪, 𢖯, 𢩫, 㲹, 𤜝, 𨸔, 机, 𭭙, 𣦽, 𣬠, 玑, 肌, 矶, 𥘌, 𬓠, 竌, 䘛, 籶, 𥾊, 𰭗, 𫇔, 虮, 𮗸, 𧺋, 𧾾, 䡄, 𨱙, 釠(𰽕), 𮓟, 𩉜, 飢(饥), 𩨒, 𮬥, 𪊋, 𣽳, 𧇔, 𧶹, 𪗗
亢, 𡯂, 冗, 𭅠, 宂, 𫵳, 𭙍, 芁, 𣱻, 𠫞, 𤴪, 𥃯, 秃, 𥤤, 𥩕, 𦒲, 虎, 𧘊, 𧟣, 咒, 壳, 𢆻, 亮, 𩁸, 𣑽, 𧦕, 髠, 焭, 𪎑, 麂, 𨳋, 𭍚
䢳, 𧆡, 𩑏, 𬺲, 𧦔, 斻, 𣃲
讥, 机 (Simplified from 譏, 機 in traditional Chinese)
See also 𠘧#Derived characters
See also 𠘨#Derived characters

Related charactersEdit

幾 (Traditional form of 几)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 133, character 57
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1737
Dae Jaweon: page 299, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 275, character 19
Unihan data for U+51E0

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 几
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (几) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
肌	*kril
飢	*kril
机	kril, krilʔ
虮	*kril
几	*krilʔ
麂	*krilʔ

Pictogram (象形) – stool (viewed from the side).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.		几
alternative forms		𠀃机

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krəj (“foot, leg; stool”). Compare Tibetan ཁྲི (khri) and Burmese ခြေ (hkre).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jī, jǐ (ji¹, ji³)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ, ㄐㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei¹, gei²
Min Dong (BUC): gī
Min Nan (POJ): kí
Wu (Wiktionary): ²ji

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jī
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ji
  - Wade–Giles: chi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jǐ
  - Wade–Giles: chi³
  - Yale: jǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gei¹, gei²
  - Yale: gēi, géi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei¹, gei²
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi¹, géi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei̯⁵⁵/, /kei̯³⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kí
  - Tâi-lô: kí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ²ji
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /kiɪ^X/

Rime
Character	几
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居履切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kiɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ki^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kjɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ki^X/
Li Rong	/ki^X/
Wang Li	/ki^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gei²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.kr[ə]jʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*krilʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	几
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ kij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*C.kr[ə]jʔ/
English	stool
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	几
Reading #	1/1
No.	5760
Phonetic component	几
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	几
Old Chinese	/*krilʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

几

^† stool; chair
- 謀於長者，必操几杖以從之。長者問，不辭讓而對，非禮也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  谋于长者，必操几杖以从之。长者问，不辞让而对，非礼也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Móu yú zhǎngzhě, bì cāo jī zhàng yǐ cóng zhī. Zhǎngzhě wèn, bù círàng ér duì, fēilǐ yě. [Pinyin]
  In going to take counsel with an elder, one must carry a stool and a staff with him (for the elder's use). When the elder asks a question, to reply without acknowledging one's incompetency and (trying to) decline answering, is contrary to propriety.
long narrow table; bench
small table
茶几 ― chájī ― tea table

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (几):

→ Japanese: 几(き) (ki)
→ Korean: 궤(几) (gwe)
→ Vietnamese: kỉ (几)

Others:

→ Vietnamese: ghế (“chair”)

CompoundsEdit

伏几
几几
几席
几杖
几案 (jī'àn)

几筵
方几
燕几
茶几 (chájī)
高几

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 几 – see 幾 (“how much; how many; what; which; etc.”). (This character, 几, is the simplified form of 幾.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 3Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 几 – see 人 (“man; person; people; a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er; etc.”). (This character, 几, is a variant form of 人.)

Etymology 4Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 几 – see 明 (“bright; light; brilliant; clear; limpid; etc.”). (This character, 几, is an ancient form of 明.)

Etymology 5Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 几 – see 𠘧 (“Refers to the wings of a bird in flight.; etc.”). (This character, 几, is a variant form of 𠘧.)

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

几

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

table, table enclosure
table or wind radical

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: き (ki)
Kan-on: き (ki)
Kun: つくえ (tsukue, 几)
Nanori: おしまずき (oshimazuki)

CompoundsEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

几, eumhun 안석 궤 (anseok gwe)

back rest
desk

ReferencesEdit

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

几: Hán Nôm readings: kỉ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.