陸
TranslingualEdit
EtymologyEdit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *m·ruɡ): semantic 阜 + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ)
Han characterEdit
陸 (radical 170 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中土金土 (NLGCG), four-corner 74214)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1355, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41708
- Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4134, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9678
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 陸 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 陆 | |
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): luk6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liu̍k
- Min Dong (BUC): lṳ̆k
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): loq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ
- Wade-Giles: lu4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luh
- IPA (key): /lu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: luk6
- Yale: luhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: luk9
- IPA (key): /lʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: liug
- Hagfa Pinyim: liug6
- IPA: /li̯uk̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lṳ̆k
- IPA (key): /l̃yʔ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
- Tâi-lô: lio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: liok
- IPA (Taipei): /liɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lêg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: le̍k
- IPA (key): /lek̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: loq (T5)
- IPA (key): /lʊʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 陸 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /lu⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /lu⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /lu⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /lu²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /lu⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /lu²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /lu²¹/ | |
| Xining | /lv̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /lu¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /lu¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /lu²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /nəu²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /nu³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /nu²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /lu³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /luʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /luəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /luəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /luʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /luəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /loʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /loʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /loʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /lɤu²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /lo²²/ |
| Tunxi | /ləu¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ləu²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /nəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /luʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /liuk̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /liuk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lok̚²/ |
| Nanning | /luk̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /luk̚²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /liɔk̚⁵/ /lak̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /løyʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ly⁴²/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /lek̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /lok̚⁵/ ～地 /lok̚³/ ～續 |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 陸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力竹切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/lɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/liuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/liuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/luwk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/liuk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/lĭuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/li̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
lv |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 陸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
lù |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ljuwk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[r]uk/ |
| English | land (as opposed to water) |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 陸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8533 |
| Phonetic component |
坴 |
| Rime group |
覺 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
六 |
| Old Chinese |
/*m·ruɡ/ |
DefinitionsEdit
陸
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 陸
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
陸
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: ろく (roku)
- Kan’on: りく (riku)
- Kun: おか (oka)
- Nanori: くが (kuga), たち (tachi), みち (michi) む (mu), むつ (mutsu)
SynonymsEdit
- (six): 六
ReferencesEdit
|
- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Adjectival nounEdit
陸 (-na inflection, hiragana ろく, romaji roku)
InflectionEdit
Inflection of "陸な"
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 陸だろ | ろくだろ | roku daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 陸で | ろくで | roku de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 陸だ | ろくだ | roku da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 陸な | ろくな | roku na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 陸なら | ろくなら | roku nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 陸であれ | ろくであれ | roku de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 陸ではない 陸じゃない |
ろくではない ろくじゃない |
roku de wa nai roku ja nai |
| Informal past | 陸だった | ろくだった | roku datta |
| Informal negative past | 陸ではなかった 陸じゃなかった |
ろくではなかった ろくじゃなかった |
roku de wa nakatta roku ja nakatta |
| Formal | 陸です | ろくです | roku desu |
| Formal negative | 陸ではありません 陸じゃありません |
ろくではありません ろくじゃありません |
roku de wa arimasen roku ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 陸でした | ろくでした | roku deshita |
| Formal negative past | 陸ではありませんでした 陸じゃありませんでした |
ろくではありませんでした ろくじゃありませんでした |
roku de wa arimasen deshita roku ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 陸で | ろくで | roku de |
| Conditional | 陸なら（ば） | ろくなら（ば） | roku nara(ba) |
| Provisional | 陸だったら | ろくだったら | roku dattara |
| Volitional | 陸だろう | ろくだろう | roku darō |
| Adverbial | 陸に | ろくに | roku ni |
| Degree | 陸さ | ろくさ | rokusa |
NounEdit
NounEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- Name (hangeul): 뭍()
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
陸 (lục)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.