地下

Chinese

	earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly	under; next; lower under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter
trad. (地下)	地	下
simp. ^#(地下)	地	下
anagram	下地

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dìxià

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dei⁶ haa⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thi-hâ

(Meixian, Guangdong): ti⁴ ha⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tē-hā / tōe-hā / tē-hǎ / tē-hēe / tōe-ē / tē-ē / tē-ēe

(Teochew, Peng'im): di⁷ ê⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dìxià
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dìsià
  - Wade–Giles: ti⁴-hsia⁴
  - Yale: dì-syà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dihshiah
  - Palladius: дися (disja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dei⁶ haa⁶
  - Yale: deih hah
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dei⁶ haa⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: déi⁶ ha⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tei̯²² haː²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi-hâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ti ha^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ti⁴ ha¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵ ha²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ti⁴ ha⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ha⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-hā
  - Tâi-lô: tē-hā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dexha
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ ha³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /te²²⁻²¹ ha²²/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe-hā
  - Tâi-lô: tuē-hā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doexha
  - IPA (Taipei): /tue³³⁻¹¹ ha³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-hǎ
  - Tâi-lô: tē-hǎ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹⁻²² ha²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-hēe
  - Tâi-lô: tē-hēe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ hɛ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe-ē
  - Tâi-lô: tuē-ē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doexe
  - IPA (Taipei): /tue³³⁻¹¹ e³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tue²²⁻²¹ e²²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-ē
  - Tâi-lô: tē-ē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dexe
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ e³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-ēe
  - Tâi-lô: tē-ēe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ ɛ²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: di⁷ ê⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tī ĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti¹¹ e³⁵/

Noun

地下

(often attributive) underground
地下管道 ― dìxià guǎndào ― underground pipeline

地下停車場／地下停车场 ― dìxià tíngchēchǎng ― underground car park

地下通道 ― dìxià tōngdào ― underpass

地下室 ― dìxiàshì ― basement
(Taiwan, attributive) basement (floor)
地下一樓／地下一楼 [Taiwanese Mandarin] ― dìxià yīlóu [Pinyin] ― B1 floor; first basement floor
(literary) underworld

Adjective

地下

(figurative) underground; secretive
地下黨員／地下党员 ― dìxià dǎngyuán ― secret member of a political party; especially a CCP member

Derived terms

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dìxia

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dei⁶ haa^6-2
Gan (Wiktionary): ti⁵ ha
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thi-hâ

(Meixian, Guangdong): ti⁴ ha¹
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): di⁵ ha

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dìxia
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dìsiå
  - Wade–Giles: ti⁴-hsia⁵
  - Yale: dì-sya
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih.shia
  - Palladius: дися (disja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹ ɕi̯ä¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dei⁶ haa^6-2
  - Yale: deih há
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dei⁶ haa^6-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: déi⁶ ha^6-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tei̯²² haː²²⁻³⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ti⁵ ha
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi¹¹ ha¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi-hâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ti ha^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ti⁴ ha¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵ ha²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ti⁴ ha¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵³ ha⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: di⁵ ha
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti²¹⁻¹¹ xa̠³/

Noun

地下

on the ground; on the floor
你別坐地下呀。／你别坐地下呀。 ― Nǐ bié zuò dìxia ya. ― Don't sit on the floor.

你唔好坐喺地下啦。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
nei⁵ m⁴ hou² co⁵ hai² dei⁶ haa^6-2 laa¹. [Jyutping]
Don't sit on the floor.

瞓地下／𰥛地下 [Cantonese] ― fan³ dei⁶ haa^6-2 [Jyutping] ― to sleep on the ground
- 宋江聽得，便挺身出去，跪在地下。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  宋江听得，便挺身出去，跪在地下。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Shi Nai'an, Water Margin, circa 14^th century CE
  Sòng Jiāng tīng dé, biàn tǐngshēn chūqù, guì zài dìxia. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
ground; floor
別往地下扔！／别往地下扔！ ― Bié wǎng dìxia rēng! ― Don't throw it on the floor!

地下好濕，因住𨃩嚫。 [Cantonese, trad.]
地下好湿，因住𨃩𰈍。 [Cantonese, simp.]
dei⁶ haa^6-2 hou² sap¹, jan¹ zyu⁶ sin³ can¹. [Jyutping]
The floor is really wet; be careful not to slip down.

抹地下 [Cantonese] ― maat³ dei⁶ haa^6-2 [Jyutping] ― to scrub the floor
(Cantonese) ground floor

Synonyms

(on the floor):

Dialectal synonyms of 地下 (“on the floor; on the ground”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		地下, 地上
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	地上, 地下
	Harbin	地下, 地上
	Singapore	地上
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	地下, 地上
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	地上, 地下
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	地下
	Wanrong	地下
	Xi'an	地下
	Xining	地下
	Xuzhou	地底下, 地下, 地頂上, 地上, 溜地
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	地下
	Lanzhou	地下, 地上
	Ürümqi	地下, 地上
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	地高上, 地上, 地下, 地高頭
	Wuhan	地上, 地下
	Guiyang	地下, 地上
	Liuzhou	地下, 地上
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	地下, 地上
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	地下, 地上
Cantonese	Guangzhou	地下
	Hong Kong	地下
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	地下
	Macau	地下
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	地下
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	地低
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	地下
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	地下
	Foshan	地下
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	地下
	Foshan (Shunde)	地低
	Foshan (Sanshui)	地下
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	地低
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	地底
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	地下
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	地下
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	地下
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	地下
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	地下
	Taishan	地下
	Kaiping (Chikan)	地下
	Enping (Niujiang)	地下
	Heshan (Yayao)	地下
	Dongguan	地下
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	地底
	Qingyuan	地下
	Fogang	地下
	Yingde (Hanguang)	地下
	Yangshan	地底
	Lianshan (Butian)	地底
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	地下
	Shaoguan	地下
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	地下
	Renhua	地下, 下邊
	Lechang	地下
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	地底
	Sihui	地下
	Guangning	地下
	Deqing	地底
	Huaiji	地底
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	地下, 地底
	Yunfu	地底
	Xinxing	地底
	Luoding	地底
	Yunan (Pingtai)	下低
	Yangjiang	地底
	Xinyi	地尼, 地底
	Maoming (Xinpo)	地底, 地下
	Lianjiang	地底
	Nanning	地底
	Wuzhou	地下
	Yulin	地底
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	地低
	Singapore (Guangfu)	地下
Gan	Nanchang	地下
	Lichuan	地下
	Pingxiang	地下裡, 地下
Hakka	Meixian	地泥下, 地面項
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	地下
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	地下
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	地下
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	地那下
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	地下
	Yudu	地下
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	地泥下
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	地泥下
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	地泥下
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	地泥下
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	地泥下
Huizhou	Jixi	地下, 地上
Jin	Taiyuan	地下, 地上
Jin	Xinzhou	地下, 地上
Northern Min	Jian'ou	地下
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	地兜
	Fuqing	地兜
	Gutian	地兜
	Fu'an	地兜
	Shouning	地兜
	Zhouning	地兜
Southern Min	Xiamen	塗跤
	Quanzhou	塗跤
	Zhangzhou	塗跤
	Taipei	塗跤
	Kaohsiung	塗跤
	Yilan	塗跤
	Changhua (Lukang)	塗跤
	Taichung	塗跤
	Taichung (Wuqi)	塗跤
	Tainan	塗跤
	Taitung	塗跤
	Hsinchu	塗跤
	Penghu (Magong)	塗跤
	Penang (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Singapore (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Manila (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Chaozhou	塗下
	Shantou	塗下
	Shantou (Chenghai)	塗跤下, 塗下
	Jieyang	塗下, 塗跤下
	Lufeng	塗跤
	Bangkok (Teochew)	塗下
	Singapore (Teochew)	塗下
	Leizhou	塗面
	Haikou	塗下
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	地下
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	地底下
Wu	Shanghai	地浪, 地浪向, 地皮浪, 地皮浪向, 地高頭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	地浪
	Suzhou	地浪, 地下
	Danyang	地裡, 地下
	Hangzhou	地下
	Ningbo	地樣裡, 地壤裡
	Wenzhou	地下
	Jinhua	地下, 地上
Xiang	Changsha	地下, 地上
Xiang	Loudi	地下

(floor):

Dialectal synonyms of 地板 (“floor”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		地板, 地面
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	地板, 地面兒
	Taiwan	地板
	Chifeng	地板
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	地板
	Harbin	地板
	Shenyang	地板
	Singapore	地
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	地板
	Tangshan	地板
	Cangzhou	地板
	Baoding	地板
	Shijiazhuang	地板
	Jinan	地板
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	地板
Central Plains Mandarin	Zhengzhou	地板
	Xi'an	地板, 腳地
	Xining	地板
	Xuzhou	地板
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	地板
	Lanzhou	地板
	Ürümqi	地板
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	地板
	Chongqing	地板, 樓板
	Wuhan	地板
	Guiyang	地板
	Kunming	地板
	Guilin	地板
	Liuzhou	地板
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	地板
	Yangzhou	地板
	Nantong	地板
	Hefei	地板
Cantonese	Guangzhou	地下, 地
	Hong Kong	地下, 地
	Singapore (Guangfu)	地
Hakka	Meixian	地泥
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	地泥
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	地泥
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	地泥
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	地泥
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	地泥
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	泥下
Huizhou	Shexian	地板
Jin	Taiyuan	地板
	Xinzhou	地板, 地
	Linhe	地板
	Jining	地板
	Hohhot	地板
	Zhangjiakou	地板
	Handan	地板
Southern Min	Xiamen	塗跤
	Quanzhou	塗跤
	Jinjiang	塗跤
	Zhangzhou	塗跤
	Tainan	塗跤
	Penang (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Singapore (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Manila (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Medan (Hokkien)	塗跤
	Chaozhou	塗下
	Jieyang	塗下, 塗跤下
	Haifeng	塗跤
	Singapore (Teochew)	塗下
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	地下

(ground floor): (Hong Kong Cantonese) G樓／G楼

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
地	下
ち Grade: 2	か Grade: 1
kan'on

地 (chi, “ground”) +‎ 下 (ka, “under”)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ちか [chíꜜkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
(Tokyo) ちか [chìkáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi̥ka̠]

Noun

地(ち)下(か) • (chika)

underground; subterranean
地下(ちか)２階(にかい)
chika ni-kai
second basement

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
地	下
じ Grade: 2	げ Grade: 1
goon

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じげ [jíꜜgè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiɡe̞]

Noun

地(じ)下(げ) • (jige)

(history) a common courtier (a courtier who didn't get access to the imperial palace)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
地	下

Noun

地下 • (jiha) (hangeul 지하)

hanja form^? of 지하 (“underground; basement”)

Derived terms

지하철 (地下鐵, jihacheol)
지하도 (地下道, jihado)
지하실 (地下室, jihasil)

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

地下

Contents

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

Noun

Adjective

Derived terms

Pronunciation 2

Noun

Synonyms

Japanese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

References

Korean

Noun

Derived terms