喺

喺 U+55BA, 喺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55BA ← 喹 [U+55B9] CJK Unified Ideographs 喻 → [U+55BB]

Translingual

Han character

喺 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口人竹火 (ROHF), composition ⿰口係)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 201, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 1, page 657, character 2
• Unihan data for U+55BA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 系
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (系) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
係	*keːɡs
系	*ɡeːɡs

Etymology 1

trad.		喺
simp. #		喺
nonstandard simp.		𫪈
alternative forms		o係 Internet 起 (hei2) eye dialect 匸 rare

Possibly from the copula 係／系 (hai6) (Chappell and Lü, 2022).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hai²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hai²

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hai²
    • Yale: hái
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hai²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hei²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐi̯³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hai²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai⁵⁵/

Definitions

喺 (Cantonese)

1. to be located in/at

   我而家喺香港。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   ngo⁵ ji⁴ gaa¹ hai² hoeng¹ gong². [Jyutping]

   I am in Hong Kong now.

   你喺邊度啊？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   你喺边度啊？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ hai² bin¹ dou⁶ aa³? [Jyutping]

   Where are you?

   喺架車入便／喺架车入便 [Cantonese]  ―  hai² gaa³ ce¹ jap⁶ bin⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  to be inside the car

2. (located) in; at; within

   你要喺巴士站上車。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   你要喺巴士站上车。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ jiu³ hai² baa¹ si^6-2 zaam⁶ soeng⁵ ce¹. [Jyutping]

   You need to get on at the bus station.

   喺日本返香港 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   hai² jat⁶ bun² faan¹ hoeng¹ gong² [Jyutping]

   return to Hong Kong from Japan

3. (temporal) in

   喺2012 [Cantonese]  ―  hai² 2012 [Jyutping]  ―  in 2012

4. within; in

   喺英文度 [Cantonese]  ―  hai² jing¹ man^4-2 dou⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  within English

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 在 (“at, in”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		於
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		在
Mandarin	Beijing	在, 挨, 跟, 的
	Taiwan	在
	Harbin	在
	Jinan	在, 從
	Wanrong	在
	Xi'an	在
	Ürümqi	在
	Wuhan	在
	Chengdu	在
	Guiyang	在
	Guilin	在
	Liuzhou	在
	Yangzhou	在
	Nanjing	在
	Hefei	在
	Malaysia	在
	Singapore	在
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	在
Cantonese	Guangzhou	喺, 響
	Hong Kong	喺, 響
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	喺, 在
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	喺, 響
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	在
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	在
	Macau	喺
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	喺, 響
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	響, 喺
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	在
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	在
	Foshan	喺, 響
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	喺, 響
	Foshan (Shunde)	喺
	Foshan (Sanshui)	喺
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	喺, 響
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	在
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	在
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	響, 揀
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	揀
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	喺
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	喺
	Taishan	到, 響
	Kaiping (Chikan)	到, 響
	Enping (Niujiang)	到, 響
	Heshan (Yayao)	響
	Dongguan	響, 在, 喺
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	在
	Yangjiang	在
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	喺, 響
	Singapore (Guangfu)	喺
Gan	Nanchang	在
	Lichuan	在
	Pingxiang	在
Hakka	Meixian	嗨
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	在
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	在
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	在
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	在
	Conghua (Lütian)	在
	Yudu	在
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	在
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	在
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	在
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	在
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	在
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	在
	Hong Kong	在
	Senai (Huiyang)	在
	Kuching (Hepo)	在
	Singapore (Dabu)	在
Jin	Taiyuan	在
	Xinzhou	在
Northern Min	Jian'ou	到
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	著, 在, 洽
	Fuqing	著, 洽
	Singapore (Fuqing)	著
Southern Min	Xiamen	佇, 踮, 蹛
	Quanzhou	佇, 踮, 蹛
	Zhangzhou	佇, 咧, 蹛
	Zhao'an	佇, 蹛
	Taipei	佇
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	佇
	Kaohsiung	佇
	Yilan	佇
	Changhua (Lukang)	佇
	Taichung	佇
	Tainan	佇, 踮, 蹛
	Hsinchu	佇
	Kinmen	佇
	Penghu (Magong)	佇
	Penang (Hokkien)	佇, 蹛
	Singapore (Hokkien)	佇, 壏
	Manila (Hokkien)	佇, 踮
	Chaozhou	在
	Shantou	在
	Shantou (Chenghai)	在
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	在
	Jieyang	在, 壏, 放
	Haifeng	著
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	在
	Singapore (Teochew)	在, 壏
	Leizhou	佇, 放
	Wenchang	佇
	Singapore (Hainanese)	佇
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	在
Wu	Shanghai	辣, 辣辣, 辣海, 辣該
	Suzhou	勒
	Danyang	在
	Hangzhou	勒, 勒哈, 在
	Ningbo	來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
	Wenzhou	是
Xiang	Changsha	在
	Loudi	在
	Shuangfeng	在

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with 係／系 (hai6, “to be”).
• While Mandarin 在 (zài) can be used as a verb without an object (他現在不在 "he is not here right now"), Cantonese must use 喺度 (佢而家唔喺度 "he is not here right now").

Compounds

• 個腦生喺屎窟度／个脑生喺屎窟度
• 唔喺度
• 喺企
• 喺度
• 喺處／喺处

 

Etymology 2

trad.		喺
simp. #		喺

Pronunciation

• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hoi¹ / hoi⁴

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• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hoi¹ / hoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hoɪ⁴⁴/, /hoɪ⁵³/

Definitions

喺

1. (Hakka) Alternative form of 嗨 (“at; in”)

Further reading

• 竹越美奈子 (TAKEKOSHI, Minako), 横田文彦 (YOKOTA, Fumihiko) (2007) ““喺”的历史演变”, in 第十届国际粤方言研讨会论文集, pages 299–305