See also: 独立

Chinese

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alone; independent; single
alone; independent; single; sole; only
 
set up; to stand
trad. (獨立)
simp. (独立)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (7) (37)
Final () (3) (141)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter duwk lip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/duk̚/ /liɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/duk̚/ /lip̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/duk̚/ /ljep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dəwk̚/ /lip̚/
Li
Rong
/duk̚/ /liəp̚/
Wang
Li
/duk̚/ /lĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱuk̚/ /li̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
duk6 lap6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ duwk › ‹ lip ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]ˁok/ /*k.rəp/
English alone; only stand (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11818 7869
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*doːɡ/ /*rɯb/

Verb

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獨立

  1. (literal) to stand alone
  2. to be independent; to stand on one's own
    獨立生活能力 [MSC, trad.]
    独立生活能力 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de dúlì shēnghuó de nénglì hěn chà. [Pinyin]
    His ability to live independently is very poor.
  3. (of a country, ethnic group, etc.) to be independent
    宣佈獨立宣布独立  ―  xuānbù dúlì  ―  to declare independence

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Adjective

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獨立

  1. (literary) extraordinary; preeminent
  2. independent; separate
    "會意字"獨立合併一起表達意思 [MSC, trad.]
    "会意字"独立合并一起表达意思 [MSC, simp.]
    "huìyìzì" shì zhǐ yóu liǎng ge huò duō ge dúlì de zì, hébìng zài yīqǐ biǎodá zì de yìsī. [Pinyin]
    "Compound ideograph" characters refer to characters which are formed from two or more separate characters, combined together to express the meaning of a word.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (獨立):

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
どく
Hyōgai
りつ
Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [do̞kɯ̟ɾʲit͡sɨ]

Noun

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(どく)(りつ) (dokuritsu

  1. Kyūjitai form of 独立 (independence)

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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獨立 (dongnip) (hangeul 독립)

  1. hanja form? of 독립 (independence)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

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獨立

  1. chữ Hán form of độc lập (independence).

Adjective

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獨立

  1. chữ Hán form of độc lập (independent).