Wiktionary

胳

See also: 肐
胳 U+80F3, 胳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80F3
← 胲
[U+80F2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 胴 →
[U+80F4]

Translingual

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Han character

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胳 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月竹水口 (BHER), four-corner 77264, composition ⿰月各)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 980, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29434
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1432, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2070, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+80F3

Chinese

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trad. 胳
simp. # 胳

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 胳
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
髂 *kʰraːɡs
路 *ɡ·raːɡs
輅 *ɡ·raːɡs
賂 *ɡ·raːɡs
虂 *ɡ·raːɡs
露 *ɡ·raːɡs
潞 *raːɡs
鷺 *raːɡs
璐 *raːɡs
簬 *raːɡs
簵 *ɡ·raːɡs
洛 *ɡ·raːɡ
駱 *ɡ·raːɡ
絡 *ɡ·raːɡ
酪 *ɡ·raːɡ
烙 *ɡ·raːɡ
雒 *ɡ·raːɡ
珞 *ɡ·raːɡ
硌 *ɡ·raːɡ
袼 *ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿 *ɡ·raːɡ
鉻 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥 *ɡ·raːɡ
鵅 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落 *ɡ·raːɡ
各 *klaːɡ
胳 *klaːɡ
閣 *klaːɡ
格 *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱 *klaːɡ
恪 *kʰlaːɡ
愙 *kʰaːɡ
貉 *ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢 *ɡlaːɡ
佫 *ɡlaːɡ
略 *ɡ·raɡ
茖 *kraːɡ
骼 *kraːɡ
觡 *kraːɡ
蛒 *kraːɡ
敋 *kraːɡ
客 *kʰraːɡ
喀 *kʰraːɡ
揢 *kʰraːɡ
額 *ŋɡraːɡ
峉 *ŋɡraːɡ
頟 *ŋɡraːɡ
詻 *ŋɡraːɡ
垎 *ɡraːɡ
楁 *ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klaːɡ): semantic 肉 (“flesh”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Etymology

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Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak ~ *C-jak (“arm; hand; wing”). Sagart (1999) considers it to be a prefixed form of a root *lak, found unprefixed as 亦 (OC *ᵇlak, “armpit”) and with a loosely attached prefix as *ᵃkə-lak, preserved in some southern varieties, such as Cantonese 胳肋底 (gaak3 laak6-1 dai2), Eastern Min 胳腋下 (gó̤k-lŏ̤k-â). In the new reconstruction by Baxter and Sagart (2014), the connection to 亦 (OC *[ɢ](r)Ak) is still implied (cf. Sagart, 2007), but the comparison to the forms in the southern varieties no longer holds (Hill, 2019). Zhang, Jacques and Lai (2019) compare it with Tibetan ལག (lag, “arm”), Japhug tɯ-jaʁ (“arm”) and suggest that the comparisons are more compatible with an Old Chinese reconstruction such as *klˁak.

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) reconstructs the Old Chinese minimally as *kâk < *klak and posits an Austroasiatic origin, comparing it to Proto-Monic *knlak (“popliteal space; armpit”), Khmer ក្លៀក (kliək, “armpit”), both from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kʔik ~ *kʔiək ~ *kʔaik (“armpit”).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • koh - vernacular;
  • kok - literary.
    Rime
    Character 胳
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 古落切
    Baxter kak
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kɑk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kɑk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kɑk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kak̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/kɑk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/kɑk̚/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kɑk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		ge
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gok3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 胳
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		gē
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kak ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[C.q]ˁak/
    English armpit

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 胳
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3882
    Phonetic
    component         		各
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		各
    Old
    Chinese         		/*klaːɡ/

    Definitions

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    胳

    1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, anatomy) armpit
    2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, anatomy) arm
      胳膊  ―  gēbo  ―  arm
      胳臂  ―  gēbei  ―  arm

    Compounds

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    Pronunciation 2

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    Definitions

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    胳

    1. Only used in 胳肢 (gézhi, “to tickle”).

    Pronunciation 3

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    Definitions

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    胳

    1. Only used in 胳肢窩／胳肢窝 (gāzhiwō).

    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    胳

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    1. armpit
    2. arms

    Readings

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    • On (unclassified): かく (kaku)、ぎゃく (gyaku)
    • Kun: わき (waki, 胳)
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