See also:
U+7565, 略
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7565

[U+7564]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7566]
U+F976, 略
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F976

[U+F975]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F977]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
Japan
 

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 102, +6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田竹水口 (WHER), four-corner 67064, composition )

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 762, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21839
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1172, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2541, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+7565

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·raɡ): semantic (field) + phonetic (OC *klaːɡ) – to walk around a field (to outline it).

EtymologyEdit

"to plunder, to pillage"
Possibly Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Mizo rawk (to loot, to raid (not to kill)). STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔ-m-(p)rawk, which is likely an allofam of Proto-Kuki-Chin *m-ru:k "to steal".
(lüè) is a graphic variant of this sense.
"sharp"
"From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(m/b)rak (to cut, tear, maul, lacerate). Cognate with Burmese မြက် (mrak, to cut keenly) and မြ (mra., sharp), Jingpho mya (torn, ragged), Dimasa [script needed] (džə brau, to scratch, maul, claw), Drung pra (to cut (with sharp instruments)).
"to trace out; to measure (an area); to plan; plan, method; boundary, frontier"
Possible allofams are (OC *ras, “outline, sketch”) and possibly (OC *raŋ, *raŋs, “to measure (v.), a measure (n.)”)
"outline, sketch, strategy, summary, brief"
Possibly same etymon as sense "to trace out, to plan". Possibly cognate with (OC *ɡ·raːɡs, “road”)
"to omit, to leave out"

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • lio̍k/lia̍k - literary;
  • lio̍h - vernacular.
Note:
  • liag8 - literary;
  • lioh8/liêh8 - vernacular (liêh8 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /lyɛ⁵¹/
    Harbin /liau⁵³/
    /lyɛ⁵³/
    Tianjin /lye⁵³/
    Jinan /luə²¹/
    Qingdao /lyə⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /lyo²⁴/
    Xi'an /luo⁵³/
    Xining /lyu⁵³/
    Yinchuan /lye¹³/
    Lanzhou /lyə¹³/
    Ürümqi /lyɤ²¹³/
    Wuhan /nio²¹³/
    Chengdu /nyo³¹/
    Guiyang /nio²¹/
    Kunming /lio³¹/
    Nanjing /loʔ⁵/
    Hefei /lyɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /lyəʔ²/
    Pingyao /liʌʔ¹³/
    Hohhot /liaʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /liaʔ¹/
    Suzhou /liɑʔ³/
    Hangzhou /liɑʔ²/
    Wenzhou /liɛ²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /liɔ²²/
    Tunxi
    Xiang Changsha /lio²⁴/
    Xiangtan /nio²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /liɔʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /liok̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /liok̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lœk̚²/
    Nanning /lœk̚²²/
    Hong Kong /lœk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /liɔk̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /luoʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /liɔ²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /liak̚⁵/
    /lioʔ⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /liɔk̚³/
    /lio³³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (107)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ljak
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /lɨɐk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /liɐk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /liɑk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɨak̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /liak̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /lĭak̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /li̯ak̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    lüè
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    loek6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    lüè
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ljak ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[r]ak/
    English draw a boundary; outline

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3892
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡ·raɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. to draw boundaries; to outline; to trace out
    2. boundary; outline; border
    3. plan; strategy; summary; outline
    4. brief; abbreviated
    5. to omit; to leave out
    6. slightly; marginally
    7. approximately; roughly
    8. to plunder; to pillage
    9. sharp; keen (Shi)

    CompoundsEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. plan, strategy
    2. to omit
    3. to abbreviate
    4. to invade

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    PronunciationEdit

    Kanji in this term
    りゃく
    Grade: 5
    on’yomi

    NounEdit

    (りゃく) (ryaku

    1. omission
      以下(いか)(りゃく)
      ikaryaku
      as above
    2. abbreviation; short for
      (とっ)(きゅう)(とく)(べつ)(きゅう)(こう)(りゃく)
      Tokkyū wa tokubetsukyūkō no ryaku.
      Tokkyū is the abbreviation of tokubetsukyūkō.

    ReferencesEdit

    1. 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    (eumhun 간략할 (gallyakhal ryak), South Korea 간략할 (gallyakhal yak))

    1. Hanja form? of / (brief, concise).

    (eumhun 다스릴 (daseuril ryak), South Korea 다스릴 (daseuril yak))

    1. Hanja form? of / (approximately, roughly).
    2. Hanja form? of / (outline).

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Nôm readings: lược, trước

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.