Wiktionary

路

路 U+8DEF, 路
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DEF
← 跮
[U+8DEE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 跰 →
[U+8DF0]
路 U+F937, 路
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F937
← 虜
[U+F936] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 露 →
[U+F938]

Translingual

edit
Stroke order
 

Han character

edit

路 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一竹水口 (RMHER), four-corner 67164, composition ⿰𧾷各)

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1225, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37524
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1697, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3704, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8DEF

Chinese

edit
simp. and trad.
 路
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character 路
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
髂 *kʰraːɡs
路 *ɡ·raːɡs
輅 *ɡ·raːɡs
賂 *ɡ·raːɡs
虂 *ɡ·raːɡs
露 *ɡ·raːɡs
潞 *raːɡs
鷺 *raːɡs
璐 *raːɡs
簬 *raːɡs
簵 *ɡ·raːɡs
洛 *ɡ·raːɡ
駱 *ɡ·raːɡ
絡 *ɡ·raːɡ
酪 *ɡ·raːɡ
烙 *ɡ·raːɡ
雒 *ɡ·raːɡ
珞 *ɡ·raːɡ
硌 *ɡ·raːɡ
袼 *ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿 *ɡ·raːɡ
鉻 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥 *ɡ·raːɡ
鵅 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落 *ɡ·raːɡ
各 *klaːɡ
胳 *klaːɡ
閣 *klaːɡ
格 *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱 *klaːɡ
恪 *kʰlaːɡ
愙 *kʰaːɡ
貉 *ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢 *ɡlaːɡ
佫 *ɡlaːɡ
略 *ɡ·raɡ
茖 *kraːɡ
骼 *kraːɡ
觡 *kraːɡ
蛒 *kraːɡ
敋 *kraːɡ
客 *kʰraːɡ
喀 *kʰraːɡ
揢 *kʰraːɡ
額 *ŋɡraːɡ
峉 *ŋɡraːɡ
頟 *ŋɡraːɡ
詻 *ŋɡraːɡ
垎 *ɡraːɡ
楁 *ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡs): semantic 足 + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Etymology

edit

    Either related to 格 (OC *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ, “to come, to arrive (obsolete)”) (Baxter, 1992) or from Proto-Austroasiatic *kraʔ (“road, way”) (Schuessler, 2007), whence Proto-Vietic *kraːʔ (→ fossilized Vietnamese sá & Muong khá (“road, way”)), Chong [script needed] (khraa), Kuy (k)na, and Proto-Waic *kraʔ. Possibly cognate with 略 (OC *ɡ·raɡ).

    "-year-old, in multiples of ten"
    Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 路(じ) (ji). See Japanese 三十路(みそじ) (misoji).

    Pronunciation

    edit
    Note:
    • diō̤ - colloquial;
    • lū - literary.
    Note:
    • diô - colloquial;
    • lô - literary.
    Note:
    • dou5 - colloquial (the etymological character may be 墿;
    • lou5 - literary.
    Note:
    • lou5 - vernacular;
    • lou4 - literary.
      Rime
      Character 路
      Reading # 1/1
      Initial (聲) 來 (37)
      Final (韻) 模 (23)
      Tone (調) Departing (H)
      Openness (開合) Open
      Division (等) I
      Fanqie 洛故切
      Baxter luH
      Reconstructions
      Zhengzhang
      Shangfang             		/luoH/
      Pan
      Wuyun             		/luoH/
      Shao
      Rongfen             		/loH/
      Edwin
      Pulleyblank             		/lɔH/
      Li
      Rong             		/loH/
      Wang
      Li             		/luH/
      Bernhard
      Karlgren             		/luoH/
      Expected
      Mandarin
      Reflex             		lù
      Expected
      Cantonese
      Reflex             		lou6
      Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
      Character 路
      Reading # 1/1
      Modern
      Beijing
      (Pinyin)             		lù
      Middle
      Chinese             		‹ luH ›
      Old
      Chinese             		/*Cə.rˁak-s/
      English road

      Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

      * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
      * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
      * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
      * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

      * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
      Zhengzhang system (2003)
      Character 路
      Reading # 1/1
      No. 3856
      Phonetic
      component             		各
      Rime
      group             		暮
      Rime
      subdivision             		0
      Corresponding
      MC rime             		路
      Old
      Chinese             		/*ɡ·raːɡs/

      Definitions

      edit

      路

      1. road; path; street (Classifier: 條／条)
        修路  ―  xiūlù  ―  to build a road
      2. pattern; arrangement; sequence
        思路  ―  sīlù  ―  train of thought
        紋路／纹路  ―  wénlù  ―  veined pattern
      3. way; method
        生路  ―  shēnglù  ―  means of livelihood; way of subsistence
      4. journey
        回家的路很遠。／回家的路很远。  ―  Huíjiā de lù hěn yuǎn.  ―  It's a long journey to return home.
        佢身體好虛，行幾步路都會暈。 [Cantonese, trad.]
        佢身体好虚，行几步路都会晕。 [Cantonese, simp.]
        keoi5 san1 tai2 hou2 heoi1, haang4 gei2 bou6 lou6 dou1 wui5 wan4. [Jyutping]
        His body is very weak, walking only a few steps already makes him dizzy.
        還有一公里的路要走。 [MSC, trad.]
        还有一公里的路要走。 [MSC, simp.]
        Háiyǒu yī gōnglǐ de lù yào zǒu. [Pinyin]
        (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      5. route
        三路進軍／三路进军  ―  sān lù jìnjūn  ―  to advance along three routes
        12路公交車／12路公交车  ―  12 lù gōngjiāochē  ―  No. 12 bus
      6. kind; type
      7. region
        各路人馬／各路人马  ―  gè lù rénmǎ  ―  people from different places
      8. Classifier for lines or rows.
      9. -year-old, in multiples of ten; decade(s) of one's life; Used for describing the style of people in such age range.
        三十路大叔  ―  sānshílù dàshū  ―  a man in his thirties
      10. (historical) circuit (an administrative unit during the Song and Yuan dynasties)
      11. a surname

      Synonyms

      edit
      Dialectal synonyms of 路 (“road; path”) [map]
      Variety Location Words
      Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 路, 道路
      Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 道兒, 路
      Taiwan 路
      Chifeng 路
      Hulunbuir (Hailar) 路
      Harbin 路, 道兒
      Shenyang 路
      Malaysia 路
      Singapore 路
      Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 路, 道
      Tangshan 路
      Cangzhou 路
      Baoding 路, 道兒
      Shijiazhuang 路
      Weifang (Weicheng) 路
      Weifang (Fangzi) 路
      Changle 道兒
      Shouguang 道兒
      Wulian 路
      Jinan 道, 路
      Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 道
      Qingdao 路, 道兒
      Weifang (Hanting) 道兒, 道路兒
      Changyi 道兒
      Gaomi 道兒, 路
      Zhucheng 路
      Anqiu 路
      Linqu 道兒
      Qingzhou 道兒
      Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 路
      Wanrong 路
      Zhengzhou 路
      Xi'an 路
      Xining 路
      Yanqi 路
      Xuzhou 路
      Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 路
      Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 路
      Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 路
      Lanzhou 路
      Ürümqi 路
      Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 路
      Chongqing 路
      Wuhan 路
      Guiyang 路
      Kunming 路
      Guilin 路
      Pingle 路
      Liuzhou 路
      Luzhai 路
      Nanning (Wuming) 路
      Binyang (Nanjie) 路
      Hechi (Yizhou) 路, 半邊路
      Luocheng (Dongmen) 路
      Tianlin (Langping) 路
      Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 路
      Yangzhou 路
      Nantong 路
      Hefei 路
      Cantonese Guangzhou 路
      Hong Kong 路
      Macau 路
      Taishan 路
      Taishan (Guanghai) 路
      Dongguan 路
      Yunfu 路
      Yangjiang 路
      Maoming (Xinpo) 路
      Nanning 路
      Wuzhou 路
      Yulin 路
      Hepu (Lianzhou) 路
      Hepu (Shatian) 路
      Guiping (Jintian) 路
      Guiping (Jiangkou) 路
      Guiping (Madong) 路
      Baise 路
      Qinzhou 路
      Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 路
      Beihai 路
      Beihai (Nankang) 路
      Beihai (Yingpan) 路
      Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 路
      Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 路
      Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 路
      Chongzuo (Laituan) 路
      Fusui (Qujiu) 路
      Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) 路
      Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 路
      Singapore (Guangfu) 路
      Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 路
      Móng Cái 路
      Mandalay (Taishan) 路
      Gan Nanchang 路
      Pengze 路
      Lichuan 路
      Pingxiang 路
      Hakka Meixian 路
      Yudu 路
      Miaoli (N. Sixian) 路
      Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 路
      Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 路
      Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 路
      Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 路
      Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 路
      Fumian (Xisha, Xinqiao) 路
      Luchuan (Daqiao) 路
      Luchuan (Sihe, Hengshan) 路
      Luchuan (Wushi) 路
      Bobai (Shahe) 路
      Bobai (Longtan) 路
      Bobai (Lingping) 路
      Bobai (Cuntou, Xintian) 路
      Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang) 路
      Beiliu (Mumian, Xilang) 路
      Xingye (Gaofeng) 路
      Rongxian (Xiandi) 路
      Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) 路
      Senai (Huiyang) 路
      Kuching (Hepo) 路
      Singkawang 路
      Huizhou Jixi 路
      Shexian 路
      Jin Taiyuan 道兒, 路, 路兒
      Datong 路, 道兒
      Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) 路
      Xinzhou 道, 路
      Changzhi 路
      Linhe 路
      Jining 路
      Hohhot 路
      Zhangjiakou 路
      Handan 路
      Northern Min Jian'ou 墿
      Jian'ou (Dikou) 墿
      Songxi 墿
      Zhenghe 墿
      Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 墿
      Jianyang 墿
      Wuyishan 墿
      Pucheng (Shibei) 路
      Eastern Min Fuzhou 墿
      Fuzhou (Changle) 墿
      Lianjiang 墿
      Fuqing 墿
      Yongtai 墿
      Minqing 墿
      Gutian 墿
      Luoyuan 墿
      Fu'an 墿
      Ningde 墿
      Shouning 墿
      Zhouning 墿
      Fuding 墿
      Matsu 墿
      Southern Min Xiamen 路
      Quanzhou 路
      Yongchun 路
      Zhangzhou 路
      Zhao'an 路
      Tainan 路
      Singapore (Hokkien) 路
      Manila (Hokkien) 路
      Longyan 路
      Datian 路
      Pingnan (Shangdu) 路
      Pingnan (Pingtian) 路
      Guiping (Xiaowen) 路
      Guiping (Dongsheng) 路
      Guilin (Biyange) 路
      Chaozhou 路
      Bangkok (Teochew) 路
      Johor Bahru (Teochew) 路
      Singapore (Teochew) 路
      Leizhou 路
      Haikou 路
      Puxian Min Putian 墿
      Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 墿
      Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 墿
      Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 墿
      Xianyou 墿
      Xianyou (Fengting) 墿
      Xianyou (Youyang) 墿
      Central Min Yong'an 墿
      Sanming (Shaxian) 墿
      Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) 墿
      Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 路
      Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 路
      Guilin (Dabu) 路
      Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) 路
      Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui) 路
      Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) 路
      Lingchuan (Sanjie) 路
      Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 路
      Shehua Fu'an 路
      Fuding 路
      Luoyuan 路
      Sanming 路
      Shunchang 路
      Hua'an 路
      Guixi (Zhangping) 路
      Cangnan 路
      Jingning (Hexi) 路
      Lishui 路
      Longyou 路
      Chaozhou 路
      Fengshun 路
      Wu Shanghai 路
      Shanghai (Chongming) 路
      Suzhou 路
      Danyang 路
      Hangzhou 路
      Ningbo 路
      Wenzhou 路
      Jinhua 路
      Yiwu 路
      Xiang Changsha 路
      Loudi 路
      Shuangfeng 路
      Quanzhou 路

      Compounds

      edit

      References

      edit

      Japanese

      edit

      Kanji

      edit
      路

      (Third grade kyōiku kanji)

      1. road, path, street
      2. journey
      3. way, method
      4. important position

      Readings

      edit
      • Go-on: る (ru)
      • Kan-on: ろ (ro, Jōyō)
      • Kun: じ (ji, 路, Jōyō)←ぢ (di, ぢ, historical)、ち (chi, 路)、みち (michi, 路)

      Compounds

      edit
      Compounds

      Etymology 1

      edit
      Kanji in this term
      路
      ち
      Grade: 3
      kun'yomi
      Alternative spelling
      道

      From Old Japanese.[1]

      Pronunciation

      edit

      Suffix

      edit

      路(ち) • (-chi) 

      1. (obsolete) attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
        This usage has generally been replaced by 路(じ) (ji) below.
      Derived terms
      edit

      Etymology 2

      edit
      Kanji in this term
      路
      じ
      Grade: 3
      kun'yomi
      Alternative spelling
      道

      Originally a rendaku (連濁) form of 路(ち) (chi) above.[2]

      Pronunciation

      edit

      Suffix

      edit

      路(じ) • (-ji) ←ぢ (-di)?

      1. a road, a street
        山(やま)路(じ)、長(なが)路(じ)
        yama-ji, naga-ji
        a mountain road, a long road
      2. attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
        奈(な)良(ら)路(じ)
        Nara-ji
        road to Nara
      3. attaches to a time duration, indicating a trip taking that length of time
        四(よっ)日(か)路(じ)
        yokka-ji
        a four-day trip
      Derived terms
      edit
      Compounds

      Etymology 3

      edit
      Kanji in this term
      路
      みち
      Grade: 3
      kun'yomi
      For pronunciation and definitions of 路 – see the following entry.
      【道みち】2
      [noun] a way, a street, a road, an alley, a path, a pass for local traffic
      [noun] (figurative) a road, a path
      [noun] a way of doing something
      [proper noun] a female given name
      [proper noun] a surname
      Alternative spellings
      途, 径
      (This term, 路, is an alternative spelling (uncommon) of the above term.)

      References

      edit
      1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
      2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

      Korean

      edit

      Etymology

      edit

      From Middle Chinese 路 (MC luH).

      Historical Readings
      Dongguk Jeongun Reading
      Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 롱〮 (Yale: lwó)
      Middle Korean
      Text Eumhun
      Gloss (hun) Reading
      Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 길〮 (Yale: kíl) 로〯 (Yale: lwŏ)

      Pronunciation

      edit
      • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾo̞(ː)] ~ [no̞(ː)]
      • Phonetic hangul: [로(ː)/노(ː)]
        • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

      Hanja

      edit

      路 (eumhun 길 로 (gil ro), word-initial (South Korea) 길 노 (gil no))

      1. hanja form? of 로/노 (“road, route; avenue, street”) [affix; suffix]

      Compounds

      edit
      Compounds

      Vietnamese

      edit

      Han character

      edit

      路: Hán Nôm readings: lộ

      1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=路&oldid=84630516"