閣

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

閣 (radical 169, 門+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 日弓竹水口 (ANHER), four-corner 7760₄, composition ⿵門各)

Derived charactersEdit

𡁤, 𪦫, 𭟉, 擱(搁), 𤁐, 櫊, 𨆿

Related charactersEdit

阁 (Simplified Chinese)
閤 (Variant traditional form of 阁 in mainland China)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1334, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41300
Dae Jaweon: page 1840, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4298, character 2
Unihan data for U+95A3

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 閣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
髂	*kʰraːɡs
路	*ɡ·raːɡs
輅	*ɡ·raːɡs
賂	*ɡ·raːɡs
虂	*ɡ·raːɡs
露	*ɡ·raːɡs
潞	*raːɡs
鷺	*raːɡs
璐	*raːɡs
簬	*raːɡs
簵	*ɡ·raːɡs
洛	*ɡ·raːɡ
駱	*ɡ·raːɡ
絡	*ɡ·raːɡ
酪	*ɡ·raːɡ
烙	*ɡ·raːɡ
雒	*ɡ·raːɡ
珞	*ɡ·raːɡ
硌	*ɡ·raːɡ
袼	ɡ·raːɡ, klaːɡ
笿	*ɡ·raːɡ
鉻	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
鮥	*ɡ·raːɡ
鵅	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
挌	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
落	*ɡ·raːɡ
各	*klaːɡ
胳	*klaːɡ
閣	*klaːɡ
格	klaːɡ, kraːɡ
擱	*klaːɡ
恪	*kʰlaːɡ
愙	*kʰaːɡ
貉	ɡlaːɡ, mɡraːɡ
狢	*ɡlaːɡ
佫	*ɡlaːɡ
略	*ɡ·raɡ
茖	*kraːɡ
骼	*kraːɡ
觡	*kraːɡ
蛒	*kraːɡ
敋	*kraːɡ
客	*kʰraːɡ
喀	*kʰraːɡ
揢	*kʰraːɡ
額	*ŋɡraːɡ
峉	*ŋɡraːɡ
頟	*ŋɡraːɡ
詻	*ŋɡraːɡ
垎	*ɡraːɡ
楁	*ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *klaːɡ): semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Etymology 1Edit

trad.		閣
simp.		阁^*

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gé (ge²)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gok³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kok
Min Dong (BUC): gó̤k
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): koh / kok

(Teochew, Peng'im): goh⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): koq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gé
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ko²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gé
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gok³
  - Yale: gok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: gog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kok
  - Hakka Romanization System: gog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /kok̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gó̤k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koh / kok
  - Tâi-lô: koh / kok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koiq, kog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /koʔ³²/, /kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /koʔ⁵/, /kɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /koʔ³²/, /kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /koʔ³²/, /kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤʔ³²/, /kɔk̚³²/

Note:

koh - vernacular;
kok - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: goh⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: koh
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /koʔ²/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: koq (T4)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kɑk̚/

Rime
Character	閣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古落切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kak̚/
Li Rong	/kɑk̚/
Wang Li	/kɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gok³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.kˤak/

(Zhengzhang): /*klaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	閣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gé
Middle Chinese	‹ kak ›
Old Chinese	/*C.kˁak/
English	shelf, frame
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閣
Reading #	1/1
No.	3883
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	各
Old Chinese	/*klaːɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

閣

chamber; pavilion
cabinet

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 閣

Etymology 2Edit

trad.		閣
simp.		阁^*
alternative forms		擱／搁佫故復／复過／过擱／搁佫故復／复過／过更果固各卻／却革

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “some insight and from 故?”

PronunciationEdit

Min Nan (POJ): koh

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koh
  - Tâi-lô: koh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koiq
  - IPA (Xiamen): /koʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /koʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /koʔ³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /koʔ³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤʔ³²/

DefinitionsEdit

閣

(Min Nan) again
請閣講一擺 / 请阁讲一摆 [Hokkien] ― Chhiáⁿ koh kóng chi̍t pái [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Please say it again once more.

SynonymsEdit

再 (zài)

CompoundsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

閣

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

tower
tall building
palace

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: かく (kaku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: かく (kaku, Jōyō)
Kun: かんぬき (kannuki); たな (tana, 閣); たかどの (takadono, 閣)

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 閣 (MC kɑk̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 각 (Yale: kak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

閣

Wikisource

閣 (eumhun 집 각 (jip gak))

Hanja form^? of 각 (“chamber; pavilion”).
Hanja form^? of 각 (“cabinet”).

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

내각 (內閣, naegak)
각료 (閣僚, gangnyo)
누각 (樓閣, nugak)
각의 (閣議, gagui)
각하 (閣下, gakha)
입각 (入閣, ipgak)

ReferencesEdit

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

閣: Hán Nôm readings: các, gác

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

閣

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

Derived charactersEdit

Related charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

SynonymsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Further readingEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

HanjaEdit

CompoundsEdit

ReferencesEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit