豆腐
Chinese
editbean; sacrificial vessel | decay; rotten | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (豆腐) |
豆 | 腐 | |
alternative forms | 豆付 obsolete | ||
anagram | 腐豆 |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dou4 fu3
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dau6 fu6
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): eu5 fu5
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dau6 fu6
- Gan (Wiktionary): teu5 fu
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): dou3 fu2
- Northern Min (KCR): dē-hū
- Eastern Min (BUC): dâu→dâ-hô→hâu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6deu-vu; 6deu-wu / 6deu-vu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˋ ˙ㄈㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dòufů
- Wade–Giles: tou4-fu5
- Yale: dòu-fu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dow.fu
- Palladius: доуфу (doufu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /toʊ̯⁵¹ fu¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˋ ㄈㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dòufǔ
- Wade–Giles: tou4-fu3
- Yale: dòu-fǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dowfuu
- Palladius: доуфу (doufu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /toʊ̯⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: dou4 fu3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: doufu
- Sinological IPA (key): /təu²¹³ fu⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: dau6 fu6
- Yale: dauh fuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: dau6 fu6
- Guangdong Romanization: deo6 fu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐu̯²² fuː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: eu5 fu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /eu³² fu³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: teu5 fu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɛu¹¹ fu¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: theu-fu
- Hakka Romanization System: teu fu
- Hagfa Pinyim: teu4 fu4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰeu̯⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: dou3 fu2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /təu⁴⁵ fu⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dē-hū
- Sinological IPA (key): /te⁵⁵ xu⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dâu→dâ-hô→hâu
- Sinological IPA (key): /ta²⁴²⁻⁵³ (h-)ɑu²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāu-hǔ
- Tâi-lô: tāu-hǔ
- IPA (Lukang): /tau³¹⁻²² hu³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dao7 hu7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tāu hū
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau¹¹ hu¹¹/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: dao1 hu1
- Sinological IPA: /tau³⁵⁻³³ hu³⁵/
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: duwH bjuX
Noun
edit豆腐
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 豆腐 (“tofu; bean curd”) [map]
Adjective
edit豆腐
Derived terms
edit- 冬瓜豆腐
- 凍豆腐/冻豆腐
- 刀切豆腐
- 刀子嘴豆腐心 (dāozi zuǐ dòufu xīn)
- 北豆腐
- 南豆腐
- 吃豆腐 (chī dòufu)
- 呃鬼食豆腐
- 外甥食母舅,親像食豆腐/外甥食母舅,亲像食豆腐
- 杏仁豆腐
- 水豆腐
- 沒肉也有四兩豆腐/没肉也有四两豆腐
- 炸豆腐丸子
- 磨豆腐
- 米豆腐
- 糟豆腐
- 老豆腐 (lǎodòufu)
- 臭豆腐 (chòudòufu)
- 血豆腐 (xuèdòufu)
- 豆腐乳 (dòufurǔ)
- 豆腐乾/豆腐干 (dòufugān)
- 豆腐刀
- 豆腐嘴,刀子心
- 豆腐囝
- 豆腐婆
- 豆腐官
- 豆腐心
- 豆腐棗/豆腐枣
- 豆腐水
- 豆腐泡 (dòufupāo)
- 豆腐渣 (dòufuzhā)
- 豆腐漿/豆腐浆 (dòufujiāng)
- 豆腐皮 (dòufupí)
- 豆腐盤成肉價錢/豆腐盘成肉价钱 (dòufu pán chéng ròu jiàqián)
- 豆腐箸
- 豆腐腦/豆腐脑 (dòufunǎo)
- 豆腐膶/豆腐𬂀
- 豆腐花 (dòufuhuā)
- 豆腐蠣/豆腐蛎
- 豆腐衣
- 豆腐西施
- 豆腐飯/豆腐饭 (dòufufàn)
- 豆腐鯊/豆腐鲨 (dòufushā)
- 酸黃虀爛豆腐/酸黄虀烂豆腐
- 醬豆腐/酱豆腐 (jiàngdòufu)
- 釀豆腐/酿豆腐 (niàngdòufu)
- 關公賣豆腐/关公卖豆腐
- 關王賣豆腐/关王卖豆腐
- 食豆腐
- 馬尾中鬃豆腐/马尾中鬃豆腐
- 馬尾兒穿豆腐/马尾儿穿豆腐
- 魚豆腐/鱼豆腐 (yúdòufu)
- 鹹菜燒豆腐/咸菜烧豆腐
- 麻婆豆腐 (mápó dòufu)
- 麻豆腐
Descendants
editSino-Xenic (豆腐):
Others:
- → Amis: tawhu, tawho
- → Bikol Central: taho
- → Bouyei: duehfuh
- → Burmese: တိုဟူး (tuihu:)
- → Cebuano: taho
- → Classical Mongolian: ᠳᠡᠦᠹᠦ (deüfü)
- → Daur: ᡩ᠋ᡝ᠋ᠣᡶ᠋ᡠ (deofu), dueb
- → English: bean curd (calque)
- → Indonesian: tahu (via Hokkien)
- → Khmer: តៅហ៊ូ (tawhuu)
- → Lao: ເຕົາຮູ້ (tao hū)
- → Lü: ᦷᦏᧈᦝᦴ (ṫho¹fuu) (via Mandarin)
- → Macanese: taufú, tafú
- → Malay: tauhu
- → Manchu: ᡩᡝᡶᡠ (defu)
- → Russian: то́фу (tófu)
- → Saisiyat: tawho:
- → Nuosu: ꄔꃛ (dut fup)
- → Tagalog: taho
- → Thai: เต้าหู้ (dtâo-hûu) (via Teochew)
- → Lü: ᦎᧁᧉᦠᦴᧉ (ṫaw²ḣuu²)
- → Tibetan: ཏོའུ་ཧྥུ (to'u hphu)
- → Vietnamese: tàu hủ (“tofu pudding”) (Southern), tào phớ (“tofu pudding”) (Northern)
- → Uyghur: دۇفۇ (dufu)
- → Zhuang: daeuhfouh
Further reading
edit- “Entry #3504”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
豆 | 腐 |
とう Grade: 3 |
ふ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Etymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 豆腐 (MC duwH bjuX, literally “bean + curdled”). Compare modern Mandarin reading dòufu.
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) とーふ [tòófú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) とーふ [tòófúꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [to̞ːɸɯ̟]
Audio: (file)
Noun
edit- tofu, bean curd
- Synonym: (dialectal, Kagoshima) おかべ
- (computing) tofu, an empty rectangle displayed by some systems in place of a character not supported by available fonts.
Derived terms
editDerived terms
- 絹漉し豆腐 (kinugoshidōfu): silken tofu, soft tofu
- 木綿豆腐 (momendōfu): cotton tofu, hard tofu
- 凍み豆腐 (shimidōfu): dried tofu
- 杏仁豆腐 (annindōfu): annin tofu
- 焼き豆腐 (yakidōfu): seared tofu
- 湯豆腐 (yudōfu): a cuisine of simmered tofu
- 豆腐餻 (tōfuyō): a fermented tofu of Okinawa
- 豆腐化け (tōfubake): a form of corrupted text display, where code points that are not included in the current font are instead displayed with empty rectangles that resemble blocks of tofu
Related terms
editRelated terms
Descendants
editReferences
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
editHanja in this term | |
---|---|
豆 | 腐 |
Noun
editVietnamese
editchữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
豆 | 腐 |
Noun
edit豆腐
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