alma

See also: ALMA, Alma, and álma

English

Alternative forms

• almah

Etymology

From colloquial Arabic عَالِمَة‎ (ʕālima, “singer”), originally a feminine adjective meaning “learned, knowledgeable”, from عَلِمَ‎ (ʕalima, “to know”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæl.mə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

alma (plural almas or alma)

1. An Egyptian singer or dancing-girl employed for entertainment or as a professional mourner.

Anagrams

• Alam, Amal, amla, laam, lama

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin anima.

Noun

alma f (plural almes)

1. soul

Synonyms

• ánima

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		алма
Perso-Arabic		آلما‎

Etymology 1

Inherited from Common Turkic *alma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑɫˈmɑ/

• Azerbaijani

  (file)

Noun

alma (definite accusative almanı, plural almalar)

1. apple

Declension

Declension of alma
	singular	plural
nominative	alma	almalar
definite accusative	almanı	almaları
dative	almaya	almalara
locative	almada	almalarda
ablative	almadan	almalardan
definite genitive	almanın	almaların

Possessive forms of alma
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	almam	almalarım
sənin (“your”)	alman	almaların
onun (“his/her/its”)	alması	almaları
bizim (“our”)	almamız	almalarımız
sizin (“your”)	almanız	almalarınız
onların (“their”)	alması or almaları	almaları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	almamı	almalarımı
sənin (“your”)	almanı	almalarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	almasını	almalarını
bizim (“our”)	almamızı	almalarımızı
sizin (“your”)	almanızı	almalarınızı
onların (“their”)	almasını or almalarını	almalarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	almama	almalarıma
sənin (“your”)	almana	almalarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	almasına	almalarına
bizim (“our”)	almamıza	almalarımıza
sizin (“your”)	almanıza	almalarınıza
onların (“their”)	almasına or almalarına	almalarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	almamda	almalarımda
sənin (“your”)	almanda	almalarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	almasında	almalarında
bizim (“our”)	almamızda	almalarımızda
sizin (“your”)	almanızda	almalarınızda
onların (“their”)	almasında or almalarında	almalarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	almamdan	almalarımdan
sənin (“your”)	almandan	almalarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	almasından	almalarından
bizim (“our”)	almamızdan	almalarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	almanızdan	almalarınızdan
onların (“their”)	almasından or almalarından	almalarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	almamın	almalarımın
sənin (“your”)	almanın	almalarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	almasının	almalarının
bizim (“our”)	almamızın	almalarımızın
sizin (“your”)	almanızın	almalarınızın
onların (“their”)	almasının or almalarının	almalarının

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɑɫ.mɑ]

Verb

alma

1. second-person singular negative imperative of almaq

Crimean Tatar

Alternative forms

• elma

Etymology

From Common Turkic *alma.

Noun

alma

1. apple

Declension

Declension of alma

nominative	alma
genitive	almanıñ
dative	almağa
accusative	almanı
locative	almada
ablative	almadan

Galician

Alternative forms

• ialma

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese alma, from Latin anima. The dialectal form ialma contains an antihiatic sandhi semi-vowel generated in the usual expression a alma, "the soul". Doublet of ánima.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈalmɐ], [ˈjalmɐ]

Noun

alma f (plural almas)

1. soul (of a living person)
   • 1594, Anonymous, Entremés dos pastores:

     Ay Jan cata non te enfermes, nen sentencies con malicia, cata que a yalma perdes.

     Oh, Xan, look, don't get sick, or sentence with malice; watch out, because you are losing the soul

2. (figurative) person

   Synonyms: cristiano, persoa

3. (figurative) health
4. (figurative) core, nucleus

   Synonym: cerne

See also

• ánima

References

• “alma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “alma” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “alma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “alma” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “alma” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese alma. Cognate with Kabuverdianu álma.

Noun

alma

1. soul

Hungarian

alma

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɒlmɒ]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: al‧ma
• Rhymes: -mɒ

Etymology 1

From Common Turkic *alma.

Noun

alma (plural almák)

1. apple

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	alma	almák
accusative	almát	almákat
dative	almának	almáknak
instrumental	almával	almákkal
causal-final	almáért	almákért
translative	almává	almákká
terminative	almáig	almákig
essive-formal	almaként	almákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	almában	almákban
superessive	almán	almákon
adessive	almánál	almáknál
illative	almába	almákba
sublative	almára	almákra
allative	almához	almákhoz
elative	almából	almákból
delative	almáról	almákról
ablative	almától	almáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	almáé	almáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	almáéi	almákéi

Possessive forms of alma
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	almám	almáim
2nd person sing.	almád	almáid
3rd person sing.	almája	almái
1st person plural	almánk	almáink
2nd person plural	almátok	almáitok
3rd person plural	almájuk	almáik

Derived terms

• almácska
• almányi
• almás
• almázik

 

Compound words

• almabor
• almafa
• almalé
• almazöld
• birsalma
• gránátalma

 

Expressions

• nem esik messze az alma a fájától

 

Etymology 2

alom +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

Noun

alma

1. third-person singular single-possession possessive of alom

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	alma	—
accusative	almát	—
dative	almának	—
instrumental	almával	—
causal-final	almáért	—
translative	almává	—
terminative	almáig	—
essive-formal	almaként	—
essive-modal	almául	—
inessive	almában	—
superessive	almán	—
adessive	almánál	—
illative	almába	—
sublative	almára	—
allative	almához	—
elative	almából	—
delative	almáról	—
ablative	almától	—
non-attributive possessive - singular	almáé	—
non-attributive possessive - plural	almáéi	—

Further reading

• alma in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• alma in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈal.ma/
• Rhymes: -alma
• Hyphenation: àl‧ma

Etymology 1

Probably from Vulgar Latin *alima, dissimilated form of Latin anima (compare Spanish and Portuguese alma); alternatively, a borrowing from Old Occitan (compare Occitan anma, arma). Doublet of anima.

Noun

alma f (plural alme)

1. (literary) soul

   Synonym: anima

Further reading

• alma¹ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἅλμα (hálma, “jump”).

Noun

alma m (uncountable)

1. (board games) halma

Further reading

• alma² in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

alma

1. feminine singular of almo

Anagrams

• lama

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin anima.

Noun

alma f (Latin spelling, plural almas)

1. soul

Latin

Adjective

alma f

1. inflection of almus:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

References

• alma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “alma”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Leonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

alma f (plural almas)

1. soul

References

• AEDLL

Mirandese

Etymology

From Latin anima (“soul, breath”).

Noun

alma f (plural almas)

1. soul

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin anima (“soul, breath”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈal̪.ma/

Noun

alma f (plural almas)

1. soul
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 26 (facsimile):

     e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

     and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul, and took it very quickly without delay

Synonyms

• espirito

Descendants

• Galician: alma
• Portuguese: alma

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese alma, from Latin anima (“soul, breath”). Doublet of anima, borrowed from the same source.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaw.mɐ/ [ˈaʊ̯.mɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaw.mɐ/ [ˈaʊ̯.mɐ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaw.ma/ [ˈaʊ̯.ma]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈal.mɐ/ [ˈaɫ.mɐ]

• Audio (Oporto, Portugal)

  (file)

• Rhymes: (Portugal) -almɐ, (Brazil) -awmɐ
• Hyphenation: al‧ma

Noun

alma f (plural almas)

1. soul
   • 1913, Fernando Pessoa, “Ó sino da minha aldeia”:

     Ó sino da minha aldeia, / Dolente na tarde calma, / Cada tua badalada / Soa dentro da minha alma.

     Oh bell of my village, / Lazy in this peaceful afternoon, / Each one of your tollings / Resounds in my soul.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin anima. Doublet of ánima, borrowed from the same source, or from Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌰 (ahma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈalma/ [ˈal.ma]

• Audio (Latin America)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -alma
• Syllabification: al‧ma

Noun

alma f (plural almas)

1. soul

   Synonym: ánima

2. (engineering) web (strip of material between flanges)

Usage notes

• Feminine nouns beginning with stressed /ˈa/ like this one regularly take the singular articles el and un, usually reserved for masculine nouns.

  el alma, un alma

• They maintain the usual feminine singular articles la and una if an adjective intervenes between the article and the noun.

Derived terms

• alma en pena
• alma gemela
• alma mía
• alma perdida
• almilla
• almita
• caérsele el alma a los pies
• con el alma
• con el alma en vilo
• con mil almas
• con toda el alma
• cura de almas
• del alma
• en cuerpo y alma
• en el alma
• no poder con su alma
• noche oscura del alma
• salir como alma que lleva el diablo

 

Descendants

• → Zoogocho Zapotec: angl

Adjective

alma f

1. feminine singular of almo

Further reading

• “alma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish armar.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: al‧ma
• IPA^(key): /ʔalˈma/, [ʔɐlˈma]

Noun

almá

1. rising of hind legs in violent protest, rage, or bad temper (as of horses)
2. (figurative) rising in violent protest or anger
3. (figurative) tantrum; fit of bad temper (as of a child)

Derived terms

• mag-alma
• umalma

 

See also

• lindig

Turkish

Etymology 1

Verb

alma

1. second-person singular negative imperative of almak

Usage notes

• The stress is on the first syllable, i.e. alma.

Noun

alma (definite accusative almayı, plural almalar)

1. verbal noun of almak
   1. taking, picking up, buying

Usage notes

• The stress is on the last syllable, i.e. alma.

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish آلما‎ (alma).

Noun

alma (definite accusative almayı, plural almalar)

1. Obsolete form of elma (“apple”).

Usage notes

• The stress is on the last syllable, i.e. alma.

Turkmen

Etymology

From Common Turkic *alma.

Noun

alma (definite accusative ?, plural ?)

1. apple