gustar
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin gustāre, possibly a semi-learned term or early borrowing; cf. gust.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gustar (first-person singular present gusto, first-person singular preterite gustí, past participle gustat)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | gustar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | gustant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | gustat | gustada | |||||
plural | gustats | gustades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | gusto | gustes | gusta | gustem | gusteu | gusten | |
imperfect | gustava | gustaves | gustava | gustàvem | gustàveu | gustaven | |
future | gustaré | gustaràs | gustarà | gustarem | gustareu | gustaran | |
preterite | gustí | gustares | gustà | gustàrem | gustàreu | gustaren | |
conditional | gustaria | gustaries | gustaria | gustaríem | gustaríeu | gustarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | gusti | gustis | gusti | gustem | gusteu | gustin | |
imperfect | gustés | gustessis | gustés | gustéssim | gustéssiu | gustessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | gusta | gusti | gustem | gusteu | gustin | |
negative (no) | — | no gustis | no gusti | no gustem | no gusteu | no gustin |
Related terms edit
Galician edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese gostar (“to taste”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Probably borrowed from Latin gustō, gustāre. Compare Portuguese gostar.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gustar (first-person singular present gusto, first-person singular preterite gustei, past participle gustado)
- to be pleased, enjoy
- O viño tinto gústame mellor que o branco ― I like red wine more than white
- 1791, anonymous author, O faraute mandón:
- Rapeteiro Cumilon
traja congros é sentolas
¿Picadiñas con sebolas,
moyto lle gosta ó lambon.- Ravening filcher
he swallows congers and king crabs
minced with onions,
the glutton likes them so much.
- Ravening filcher
- (intransitive) to taste
- (transitive with de) to like, enjoy
- Eu gusto do pan quente ― I enjoy freshly baked bread
Conjugation edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- “gostar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “gostar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “gostar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “gustar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “gustar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Ido edit
Verb edit
gustar (present tense gustas, past tense gustis, future tense gustos, imperative gustez, conditional gustus)
- to taste
Conjugation edit
present | past | future | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gustar | gustir | gustor | ||||
tense | gustas | gustis | gustos | ||||
conditional | gustus | ||||||
imperative | gustez | ||||||
adjective active participle | gustanta | gustinta | gustonta | ||||
adverbial active participle | gustante | gustinte | gustonte | ||||
nominal active participle | singular | gustanto | gustinto | gustonto | |||
plural | gustanti | gustinti | gustonti | ||||
adjective passive participle | gustata | gustita | gustota | ||||
adverbial passive participle | gustate | gustite | gustote | ||||
nominal passive participle | singular | gustato | gustito | gustoto | |||
plural | gustati | gustiti | gustoti |
Romanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Either from gust + -ar or from Latin augustālis, from augustus.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gustar
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed in this form from Latin gustāre. Replaced the inherited Old Spanish form gostar.[1] See gusto. The use of this verb to mean "like" is a uniquely Ibero-Romance development. Compare Portuguese gostar.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gustar (first-person singular present gusto, first-person singular preterite gusté, past participle gustado)
- (intransitive) (followed by a or preceded by an indirect object) to be pleasing to (usually translated into English as like with exchange of the subject and object)
- Me gusta esta manzana
- I like this apple.
- (literally, “This apple is pleasing to me.”)
- (transitive, dated) to taste
Usage notes edit
- Gustar is usually translated to English with the verb to like. This causes confusion for some English speakers studying Spanish, because the subject and object of gustar are seemingly reversed from those of to like. That is, the subject of gustar is the thing that pleases and the (indirect) object is the person who is pleased. A commonly used method is to think of gustar as literally meaning to be pleasing to.
- Me gusta la canción. ― I like the song. (literally, “The song is pleasing to me.”)
- No me gustaron las espinacas. ― I didn't like the spinach. (literally, “The spinach was not pleasing to me.”)
- ¿Te gusto? ― Do you like me? (literally, “Am I pleasing to you?”)
- Le gusto a María ― Maria likes me. (literally, “I am pleasing to Maria.”)
However, compare with the archaic meaning of to like:
- Su semblante no me gusta. ― His countenance likes me not.
Some more examples:
a X le(s) gusta(n) Y
- X like(s) Y.
- : A los pájaros les gusta cantar. ― Birds like to sing.
- : A la chica le gustan las flores. ― The girl likes flowers.
- : A María le gusta el jugo de manzana. ― Mary likes apple juice.
a mí me gustaba(n) Y
- I used to like Y.
a ti te gustaría(n) Y
- You would like Y.
a nosotros nos gusta(n) Y
- We like Y.
- : A nosotros nos gusta divertirnos en el jardín. — We like to have fun in the garden.
a vosotros os gusta(n) Y
- You like Y.
a usted le gusta(n) Y
- You like Y.
X must agree in number (and person) with "le(s)," and Y must agree in number with the verb form of "gustar".
Conjugation edit
infinitive | gustar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | gustando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | gustado | gustada | |||||
plural | gustados | gustadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | gusto | gustastú gustásvos |
gusta | gustamos | gustáis | gustan | |
imperfect | gustaba | gustabas | gustaba | gustábamos | gustabais | gustaban | |
preterite | gusté | gustaste | gustó | gustamos | gustasteis | gustaron | |
future | gustaré | gustarás | gustará | gustaremos | gustaréis | gustarán | |
conditional | gustaría | gustarías | gustaría | gustaríamos | gustaríais | gustarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | guste | gustestú gustésvos2 |
guste | gustemos | gustéis | gusten | |
imperfect (ra) |
gustara | gustaras | gustara | gustáramos | gustarais | gustaran | |
imperfect (se) |
gustase | gustases | gustase | gustásemos | gustaseis | gustasen | |
future1 | gustare | gustares | gustare | gustáremos | gustareis | gustaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | gustatú gustávos |
guste | gustemos | gustad | gusten | ||
negative | no gustes | no guste | no gustemos | no gustéis | no gusten |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Synonyms edit
- (to like something): antojar, apetecer, encantar, molar (colloquial, Spain)
- (to like somebody, not romantically): agradar, parecer bien, caer bien (colloquial)
- (to like somebody romantically): estar enamorado de, encularse de (vulgar, El Salvador)
- (to like doing something): adorar, encantar, fascinar
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Mecayapan Nahuatl: quigustarohua
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading edit
- “gustar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014