Wiktionary

hamba

Estonian

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Noun

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hamba

  1. genitive singular of hammas

Fanagalo

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Etymology

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From Zulu -hamba.

Verb

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hamba

  1. to go, to walk
  2. to travel

Indonesian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Malay hamba, from Sanskrit हम्भाय (hambhāya, “low”), compare to Sanskrit हंबतारा (haṃbatārā, “good man”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ham.ba/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -amba, -ba, -a

Noun

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hamba (first-person possessive hambaku, second-person possessive hambamu, third-person possessive hambanya)

  1. slave; thrall; servant

Pronoun

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hamba

  1. (archaic, humble) I, me, my, your servant

Usage notes

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Hamba as pronoun still used in daily life, especially in prayer.

Synonyms

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Indonesian first-person pronouns:

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Malay

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit हम्भाय (hambhāya, “low”), compare to Sanskrit हंबतारा (haṃbatārā, “good man”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hamba (Jawi spelling همبا, plural hamba-hamba, informal 1st possessive hambaku, 2nd possessive hambamu, 3rd possessive hambanya)

  1. A slave.
    Synonyms: abdi, budak, sahaya
    • 1849, Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir, Hikayat Abdullah, page 250:
      Bermula orang yang empunya hamba-hamba itu kelakuannya seperti binatang yang tiada bermalu dan tiada takut kepada Allah.
      The slave owners began behaving like shameless animals that do not fear God.

Pronoun

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hamba (Jawi spelling همبا)

  1. (dialectal, Kelantan-Pattani, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu) I (me, my).

See also

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Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya／ساي
aku／اکو, ku-／كو- (informal/towards God)
-ku／-كو (informal possessive)
hamba／همبا (dated) 		kami／کامي (exclusive)
kita orang／كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive)
kita／کيت (inclusive)
royal beta／بيتا
2nd person standard kamu／کامو
anda／اندا (formal)
engkau／اڠکاو, kau-／كاو- (informal/towards God)
awak／اوق (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu／-مو (possessive) 		awak semua／اوق سموا
kamu semua／كامو سموا
kalian／کالين (informal)
kau orang／كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal tuanku／توانكو
3rd person standard dia／دي
ia／اي
beliau／بلياو (honorific)
-nya／-ڽ (possessive) 		mereka／مريک
dia orang／دي اورڠ (informal)
royal baginda／بݢيندا

Descendants

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  • Indonesian: hamba

References

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  • Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “همب hamba”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 145
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “همب hamba”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 685-6
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “hamba”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 391

Further reading

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Northern Ndebele

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-hámba

  1. to go, to walk, to move
  2. to travel

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Old Javanese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit हम्भाय (hambhāya, “low”), compare to Sanskrit हंबतारा (haṃbatārā, “good man”).

Noun

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hamba

  1. servant, common soldier, comrade

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Swazi

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-hámba

  1. to go, to walk, to move
  2. to travel

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Tagalog

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish jamba.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hamba (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜋ᜔ᜊ)

  1. jamb (vertical component that form the side of an opening in a wall)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “hamba”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Xhosa

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-hámba

  1. to go, to walk, to move
  2. to travel

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-hámba

  1. (intransitive) to go, to walk, to move
  2. (intransitive) to travel
  3. (transitive and intransitive) to ride, to go by (a vehicle)
  4. (intransitive) to leave, to depart
  5. (intransitive) to go on, to keep going, to proceed
  6. (intransitive) to work, to function, to operate

Inflection

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Tone H
Infinitive ukuhamba
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuhamba ukungahambi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular hamba -hambe
Plural hambani -hambeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyahamba, ngihamba engihambayo, engihamba ngihamba angihambi engingahambi ngingahambi
2nd singular uyahamba, uhamba ohambayo, ohamba uhamba awuhambi ongahambi ungahambi
1st plural siyahamba, sihamba esihambayo, esihamba sihamba asihambi esingahambi singahambi
2nd plural niyahamba, nihamba enihambayo, enihamba nihamba anihambi eningahambi ningahambi
Class 1 uyahamba, uhamba ohambayo, ohamba ehamba akahambi ongahambi engahambi
Class 2 bayahamba, bahamba abahambayo, abahamba behamba abahambi abangahambi bengahambi
Class 3 uyahamba, uhamba ohambayo, ohamba uhamba awuhambi ongahambi ungahambi
Class 4 iyahamba, ihamba ehambayo, ehamba ihamba ayihambi engahambi ingahambi
Class 5 liyahamba, lihamba elihambayo, elihamba lihamba alihambi elingahambi lingahambi
Class 6 ayahamba, ahamba ahambayo, ahamba ehamba awahambi angahambi engahambi
Class 7 siyahamba, sihamba esihambayo, esihamba sihamba asihambi esingahambi singahambi
Class 8 ziyahamba, zihamba ezihambayo, ezihamba zihamba azihambi ezingahambi zingahambi
Class 9 iyahamba, ihamba ehambayo, ehamba ihamba ayihambi engahambi ingahambi
Class 10 ziyahamba, zihamba ezihambayo, ezihamba zihamba azihambi ezingahambi zingahambi
Class 11 luyahamba, luhamba oluhambayo, oluhamba luhamba aluhambi olungahambi lungahambi
Class 14 buyahamba, buhamba obuhambayo, obuhamba buhamba abuhambi obungahambi bungahambi
Class 15 kuyahamba, kuhamba okuhambayo, okuhamba kuhamba akuhambi okungahambi kungahambi
Class 17 kuyahamba, kuhamba okuhambayo, okuhamba kuhamba akuhambi okungahambi kungahambi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngihambile, ngihambē engihambile, engihambē ngihambile, ngihambē angihambanga engingahambanga ngingahambanga
2nd singular uhambile, uhambē ohambile, ohambē uhambile, uhambē awuhambanga ongahambanga ungahambanga
1st plural sihambile, sihambē esihambile, esihambē sihambile, sihambē asihambanga esingahambanga singahambanga
2nd plural nihambile, nihambē enihambile, enihambē nihambile, nihambē anihambanga eningahambanga ningahambanga
Class 1 uhambile, uhambē ohambile, ohambē ehambile, ehambē akahambanga ongahambanga engahambanga
Class 2 bahambile, bahambē abahambile, abahambē behambile, behambē abahambanga abangahambanga bengahambanga
Class 3 uhambile, uhambē ohambile, ohambē uhambile, uhambē awuhambanga ongahambanga ungahambanga
Class 4 ihambile, ihambē ehambile, ehambē ihambile, ihambē ayihambanga engahambanga ingahambanga
Class 5 lihambile, lihambē elihambile, elihambē lihambile, lihambē alihambanga elingahambanga lingahambanga
Class 6 ahambile, ahambē ahambile, ahambē ehambile, ehambē awahambanga angahambanga engahambanga
Class 7 sihambile, sihambē esihambile, esihambē sihambile, sihambē asihambanga esingahambanga singahambanga
Class 8 zihambile, zihambē ezihambile, ezihambē zihambile, zihambē azihambanga ezingahambanga zingahambanga
Class 9 ihambile, ihambē ehambile, ehambē ihambile, ihambē ayihambanga engahambanga ingahambanga
Class 10 zihambile, zihambē ezihambile, ezihambē zihambile, zihambē azihambanga ezingahambanga zingahambanga
Class 11 luhambile, luhambē oluhambile, oluhambē luhambile, luhambē aluhambanga olungahambanga lungahambanga
Class 14 buhambile, buhambē obuhambile, obuhambē buhambile, buhambē abuhambanga obungahambanga bungahambanga
Class 15 kuhambile, kuhambē okuhambile, okuhambē kuhambile, kuhambē akuhambanga okungahambanga kungahambanga
Class 17 kuhambile, kuhambē okuhambile, okuhambē kuhambile, kuhambē akuhambanga okungahambanga kungahambanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāhamba engāhamba ngāhamba angihambanga engingahambanga ngingahambanga
2nd singular wāhamba owāhamba wāhamba awuhambanga ongahambanga ungahambanga
1st plural sāhamba esāhamba sāhamba asihambanga esingahambanga singahambanga
2nd plural nāhamba enāhamba nāhamba anihambanga eningahambanga ningahambanga
Class 1 wāhamba owāhamba āhamba akahambanga ongahambanga engahambanga
Class 2 bāhamba abāhamba bāhamba abahambanga abangahambanga bengahambanga
Class 3 wāhamba owāhamba wāhamba awuhambanga ongahambanga ungahambanga
Class 4 yāhamba eyāhamba yāhamba ayihambanga engahambanga ingahambanga
Class 5 lāhamba elāhamba lāhamba alihambanga elingahambanga lingahambanga
Class 6 āhamba āhamba āhamba awahambanga angahambanga engahambanga
Class 7 sāhamba esāhamba sāhamba asihambanga esingahambanga singahambanga
Class 8 zāhamba ezāhamba zāhamba azihambanga ezingahambanga zingahambanga
Class 9 yāhamba eyāhamba yāhamba ayihambanga engahambanga ingahambanga
Class 10 zāhamba ezāhamba zāhamba azihambanga ezingahambanga zingahambanga
Class 11 lwāhamba olwāhamba lwāhamba aluhambanga olungahambanga lungahambanga
Class 14 bāhamba obāhamba bāhamba abuhambanga obungahambanga bungahambanga
Class 15 kwāhamba okwāhamba kwāhamba akuhambanga okungahambanga kungahambanga
Class 17 kwāhamba okwāhamba kwāhamba akuhambanga okungahambanga kungahambanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingahamba — ngingahamba ngingehambe — ngingehambe
2nd singular ungahamba — ungahamba ungehambe — ungehambe
1st plural singahamba — singahamba singehambe — singehambe
2nd plural ningahamba — ningahamba ningehambe — ningehambe
Class 1 angahamba — engahamba angehambe — engehambe
Class 2 bangahamba — bengahamba bangehambe — bengehambe
Class 3 ungahamba — ungahamba ungehambe — ungehambe
Class 4 ingahamba — ingahamba ingehambe — ingehambe
Class 5 lingahamba — lingahamba lingehambe — lingehambe
Class 6 angahamba — engahamba angehambe — engehambe
Class 7 singahamba — singahamba singehambe — singehambe
Class 8 zingahamba — zingahamba zingehambe — zingehambe
Class 9 ingahamba — ingahamba ingehambe — ingehambe
Class 10 zingahamba — zingahamba zingehambe — zingehambe
Class 11 lungahamba — lungahamba lungehambe — lungehambe
Class 14 bungahamba — bungahamba bungehambe — bungehambe
Class 15 kungahamba — kungahamba kungehambe — kungehambe
Class 17 kungahamba — kungahamba kungehambe — kungehambe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizohamba engizohamba ngizohamba angizuhamba engingezuhamba ngingezuhamba
2nd singular uzohamba ozohamba uzohamba awuzuhamba ongezuhamba ungezuhamba
1st plural sizohamba esizohamba sizohamba asizuhamba esingezuhamba singezuhamba
2nd plural nizohamba enizohamba nizohamba anizuhamba eningezuhamba ningezuhamba
Class 1 uzohamba ozohamba ezohamba akazuhamba ongezuhamba engezuhamba
Class 2 bazohamba abazohamba bezohamba abazuhamba abangezuhamba bengezuhamba
Class 3 uzohamba ozohamba uzohamba awuzuhamba ongezuhamba ungezuhamba
Class 4 izohamba ezohamba izohamba ayizuhamba engezuhamba ingezuhamba
Class 5 lizohamba elizohamba lizohamba alizuhamba elingezuhamba lingezuhamba
Class 6 azohamba azohamba ezohamba awazuhamba angezuhamba engezuhamba
Class 7 sizohamba esizohamba sizohamba asizuhamba esingezuhamba singezuhamba
Class 8 zizohamba ezizohamba zizohamba azizuhamba ezingezuhamba zingezuhamba
Class 9 izohamba ezohamba izohamba ayizuhamba engezuhamba ingezuhamba
Class 10 zizohamba ezizohamba zizohamba azizuhamba ezingezuhamba zingezuhamba
Class 11 luzohamba oluzohamba luzohamba aluzuhamba olungezuhamba lungezuhamba
Class 14 buzohamba obuzohamba buzohamba abuzuhamba obungezuhamba bungezuhamba
Class 15 kuzohamba okuzohamba kuzohamba akuzuhamba okungezuhamba kungezuhamba
Class 17 kuzohamba okuzohamba kuzohamba akuzuhamba okungezuhamba kungezuhamba
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyohamba engiyohamba ngiyohamba angiyuhamba engingeyuhamba ngingeyuhamba
2nd singular uyohamba oyohamba uyohamba awuyuhamba ongeyuhamba ungeyuhamba
1st plural siyohamba esiyohamba siyohamba asiyuhamba esingeyuhamba singeyuhamba
2nd plural niyohamba eniyohamba niyohamba aniyuhamba eningeyuhamba ningeyuhamba
Class 1 uyohamba oyohamba eyohamba akayuhamba ongeyuhamba engeyuhamba
Class 2 bayohamba abayohamba beyohamba abayuhamba abangeyuhamba bengeyuhamba
Class 3 uyohamba oyohamba uyohamba awuyuhamba ongeyuhamba ungeyuhamba
Class 4 iyohamba eyohamba iyohamba ayiyuhamba engeyuhamba ingeyuhamba
Class 5 liyohamba eliyohamba liyohamba aliyuhamba elingeyuhamba lingeyuhamba
Class 6 ayohamba ayohamba eyohamba awayuhamba angeyuhamba engeyuhamba
Class 7 siyohamba esiyohamba siyohamba asiyuhamba esingeyuhamba singeyuhamba
Class 8 ziyohamba eziyohamba ziyohamba aziyuhamba ezingeyuhamba zingeyuhamba
Class 9 iyohamba eyohamba iyohamba ayiyuhamba engeyuhamba ingeyuhamba
Class 10 ziyohamba eziyohamba ziyohamba aziyuhamba ezingeyuhamba zingeyuhamba
Class 11 luyohamba oluyohamba luyohamba aluyuhamba olungeyuhamba lungeyuhamba
Class 14 buyohamba obuyohamba buyohamba abuyuhamba obungeyuhamba bungeyuhamba
Class 15 kuyohamba okuyohamba kuyohamba akuyuhamba okungeyuhamba kungeyuhamba
Class 17 kuyohamba okuyohamba kuyohamba akuyuhamba okungeyuhamba kungeyuhamba
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngihambe ngingahambi
2nd singular uhambe ungahambi
1st plural sihambe singahambi
2nd plural nihambe ningahambi
Class 1 ahambe angahambi
Class 2 bahambe bangahambi
Class 3 uhambe ungahambi
Class 4 ihambe ingahambi
Class 5 lihambe lingahambi
Class 6 ahambe angahambi
Class 7 sihambe singahambi
Class 8 zihambe zingahambi
Class 9 ihambe ingahambi
Class 10 zihambe zingahambi
Class 11 luhambe lungahambi
Class 14 buhambe bungahambi
Class 15 kuhambe kungahambi
Class 17 kuhambe kungahambi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngahamba ngangahamba, angahamba, angangahamba
2nd singular wahamba wangahamba, awahamba, awangahamba
1st plural sahamba sangahamba, asahamba, asangahamba
2nd plural nahamba nangahamba, anahamba, anangahamba
Class 1 wahamba wangahamba, akahamba, akangahamba
Class 2 bahamba bangahamba, abahamba, abangahamba
Class 3 wahamba wangahamba, awahamba, awangahamba
Class 4 yahamba yangahamba, ayahamba, ayangahamba
Class 5 lahamba langahamba, alahamba, alangahamba
Class 6 ahamba angahamba, awahamba, awangahamba
Class 7 sahamba sangahamba, asahamba, asangahamba
Class 8 zahamba zangahamba, azahamba, azangahamba
Class 9 yahamba yangahamba, ayahamba, ayangahamba
Class 10 zahamba zangahamba, azahamba, azangahamba
Class 11 lwahamba lwangahamba, alwahamba, alwangahamba
Class 14 bahamba bangahamba, abahamba, abangahamba
Class 15 kwahamba kwangahamba, akwahamba, akwangahamba
Class 17 kwahamba kwangahamba, akwahamba, akwangahamba

Derived terms

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References

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