beta

See also: Beta, béta, bêta, and Běta

EnglishEdit

Ancient Greek Alphabet
←
alpha
     →
gamma
Β β
Ancient Greek: βῆτα
Wikipedia article on beta

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta)

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

beta (plural betas)

  1. The second letter of the Greek alphabet (Β,  β), preceded by alpha (Α,  α) and followed by gamma, (Γ,  γ). In modern Greek it represents the voiced labiodental fricative sound of v found in the English words have and vase.
  2. Used in marking scheme: α, β, γ or α+, α, α-, β etc.
  3. (finance) Average sensitivity of a security's price to overall securities market prices.
  5. (computing, video games, uncountable) The phase of development after alpha testing and before launch, in which software, while not complete, has been released to potential users for testing.
    The company is offering a public beta program to test the software.
  6. (computing, video games, countable) Software in such a phase; a preliminary version.
    • 2007, Michael Lopp, Managing Humans (page 107)
      He quickly deduced our goal—ship a quality beta—but he also quickly discerned that we had no idea about the quality of the product because of our pile of untriaged bugs.
    • 2015 February 14, Steven Strom, “Evolve Review: Middle of the food chain”, in Ars Technica‎[1]:
      Before Evolve had even seen its first beta, the game's publisher dipped its toe into presenting it as an eSport.
  7. (climbing) Information about a route which may aid someone in climbing it.
  8. (physics) A beta particle or beta ray.
  9. (aviation) Sideslip angle.
  10. (aviation) The range of engine power settings in which the blade pitch angle of a constant-speed propeller is controlled directly by the angle of the engine's throttle lever (rather than varying with engine torque and airspeed to maintain a constant propeller RPM), allowing the propeller to be disked to generate high drag and slow the aircraft quickly.
  11. Alternative spelling of betta (“fish in the genus Betta”)
  12. (slang, manosphere) Ellipsis of beta male, a man who is less competent or desirable than an alpha male.
    • 2006, Catherine Mann, Blaze of Glory, Harlequin (2006), →ISBN, unnumbered page:
      “I guess in your psychological language of alpha males and beta males, I would be firmly in the camp that prefers the more laid-back betas,” she took a deep breath, “like your father.”
    • 2010, L. A. Banks, "Dog Tired (of the Drama!)", in Blood Lite II: Overbite (ed. Kevin J. Anderson), Gallery Books (2010), →ISBN, page 121:
      “They want sexy, virile alpha males, yes? But that doesn't come with sensitive and loyal and all of that. That's a beta. A frickin' collie, Lola. […]
    • 2010, Terry Spear, Wolf Fever, Sourcebooks Casablanca (2010), →ISBN, page 24:
      She'd always had a thing for alpha males. Not that she had any intention of being bossed around, even if one had her best interests at heart. Her fascination with alphas was that they were a challenge. Betas didn't hold much of an appeal.
    • 2015, Stephen Jarosek, Tyrants of Matriarchy:
      When they ride the cock carousel in preference to the responsible betas that they find so boring, well, we guess that they pay.
    • 2018, Corey Pein, Live Work Work Work Die‎[2]:
      News of Harper-Mercer's murder spree, which killed ten, prompted speculation on neoreactionary forums that the long-awaited “beta uprising” of virginal shut-ins had begun. Not quite. But in Charlottesville, Virginia, in August 2017, a large audience of Americans finally saw the real beta uprising in the violent Nazi rally that shut the city down
  13. (fandom slang) In omegaverse fiction, a person of a (usually secondary) gender/sex that mirrors the biology of a normal human, being free from the biological drives of alphas and omegas but generally capable of bonding and mating with either.
    • 2013, Kristina Busse, "Pon Farr, Mpreg, Bonds, and the Rise of the Omegaverse", in Fic: Why Fanfiction Is Taking Over the World (ed. Anne Jamison), page 317:
      Many A/B/O stories posit societies where biological imperatives divide people based on wolf pack hierarchies into sexual dominants (alphas), sexual submissives (omegas), and everyone else (betas).
    • 2017, Marianne Gunderson, "What is an omega? Rewriting sex and gender in omegaverse fanfiction", thesis submitted to the University of Oslo, page 99:
      In ASD, the beta also functions as a contrast, as Yuri is assumed to be a beta before his first heat reveals his omega status.
    • 2018, Laura Campillo Arnaiz, "When the Omega Empath Met the Alpha Doctor: An Analysis of Alpha/Beta/Omega Dynamics in the Hannibal Fandom", in The Darker Side of Slash Fan Fiction (ed. Ashton Spacey), page 119:
      Betas are usually second in command to the reigning alpha, and omegas belong to the lowest caste of the social hierarchy.

Coordinate termsEdit

(sideslip angle): alpha, gamma, theta

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

AdjectiveEdit

beta (not comparable)

  1. Identifying a molecular position in an organic chemical compound.
  2. Designates the second in an order of precedence.
  3. (computing) Preliminary; prerelease. Refers to an incomplete version of a product released for initial testing.
  4. (of a person, object or action) associated with the beta male/female archetype.

Derived termsEdit

terms derived from beta (adjective)

TranslationsEdit

VerbEdit

beta (third-person singular simple present betas, present participle betaing, simple past and past participle betaed)

  1. (computing) To preliminarily release computer software for initial testing prior to final release.
  2. (chiefly Internet) To beta-read a text.
    • 1999, sqira a., in alt.tv.x-files.creative [3]
      My thanks to Heather; who read it and betaed it. Thank you.
    • 2000, Elizabeth Durack, quoted in Angelina I. Karpovich, “The Audience as Editor: The Role of Beta Readers in Online Fan Fiction Communities” (essay), in Karen Hellekson and Kristina Busse (editors), Fan Fiction and Fan Communities in the Age of the Internet, McFarland (2006), →ISBN, page 180,
      Beta’ing is time-consuming, so asking a lot of people to give you a detailed analysis isn’t the most polite thing to do.
    • 2002, Jane Davitt, in alt.tv.buffy-v-slayer.creative [4]
      The next part is written and beta'd (thanks, Jen!), ready to go but <shuffles feet> I haven't even started what should be the final part yet.
    • 2002, Karmen Ghia, in alt.startrek.creative.erotica.moderated [5]
      I had the honor of betaing this story and as I was doing the first read through I had the odd, but lovely, experience when a story suspends the reader in its own rhythm and flow, its own reality.

AnagramsEdit

Ambonese MalayEdit

PronounEdit

beta

  1. I first-person singular pronoun

AsturianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta f (plural betes)

  1. beta (Greek letter)

CatalanEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta f (plural betes)

  1. beta; the Greek letter Β (lowercase β).

Etymology 2Edit

From Occitan beta.

NounEdit

beta f (plural betes)

  1. boat; specifically a small, flat-bottom boat common to the coasts of Provence and Languedoc.

Further readingEdit

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta n

  1. beta (Greek letter)

FaroeseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *bayt- (“house”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

beta n (genitive singular beta, plural betu)

  1. beta (Greek letter)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of beta
n1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative beta betað betu, betur betuni
accusative beta betað betu, betur betuni
dative beta betanum betum betunum
genitive beta betans betna betnanna

Derived termsEdit

GalicianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta m (plural betas)

  1. beta (Greek letter)

IcelandicEdit

NounEdit

beta n (genitive singular alfa, no plural)

  1. beta (Greek letter)

DeclensionEdit

declension of beta
n-w singular
indefinite definite
nominative beta betað
accusative beta betað
dative beta betanu
genitive beta betans

ItalianEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɛ.ta/
  • Rhymes: -ɛta
  • Hyphenation: bè‧ta

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin bēta, from Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta f (invariable)

 
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it
  1. The name of the Greek script letter Β/β; beta
  2. (computing) beta (software version)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin bēta (“beet”), from Celtic.

NounEdit

beta f (plural bete)

  1. Alternative form of bieta; beet

AnagramsEdit

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

beta

  1. Rōmaji transcription of ベタ

LatinEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Said by some sources to be of Celtic origin,[1][2] but no obvious Celtic cognates exist. Also compared are blitum (“spinach”), meta (“conic heap of stones”) (compared to the root's spindle form), and less likely, sense 2, with the seed vessel resembling the letter.

NounEdit

bēta f (genitive bētae); first declension

  1. A beet.
DeclensionEdit

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative bēta bētae
Genitive bētae bētārum
Dative bētae bētīs
Accusative bētam bētās
Ablative bētā bētīs
Vocative bēta bētae
DescendantsEdit
  • Catalan: bleda (partially), bleda-rave
  • Danish: bede
  • Estonian: peet
  • Middle Dutch: bete
  • Old English: bete

Etymology 2Edit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

bēta n (indeclinable)

  1. The Greek letter beta.

ReferencesEdit

  • beta in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • beta in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • beta in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
  • Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
  • Berti-Pichat (1866)
  • Baxter (1837)
  • Poiret (1827)
  • von Lippmann (1925)
  • Geschwind & Sellier (1902)
  • Pabst (1887)
  • Becker-Dillengen (1928)
  • Biancardi, Panella & Lewellen (2011): Beta maritima: The Origin of Beets
  1. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
  2. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2021), “beet”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

MalayEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Court Malay, Beta.

PronounEdit

beta (Jawi spelling بيتا‎)

  1. (Palace Malay) I, me, my (exclusive use in royalty, subject is either king or queen)
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta (Jawi spelling بيتا‎, plural beta-beta, informal 1st possessive betaku, impolite 2nd possessive betamu, 3rd possessive betanya)

  1. beta (second letter of the Greek alphabet)

Old IrishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

beta

  1. third-person plural present subjunctive relative of is
    • c. 845, St. Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 207b11
      Cit comṡuidigthi la Grécu ní écen dúnni beta comṡuidigthi linn.
      Although they are compounds in Greek (lit. “with the Greeks”), it is not necessary for us that they be compounds in our language (lit. “with us”).

PortugueseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Latin beta, from Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta f (plural betas)

  1. beta (all senses)

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

beta f (plural betas)

  1. beet (plant)

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /bêta/
  • Hyphenation: be‧ta

NounEdit

bȅta f (Cyrillic spelling бе̏та)

  1. beta, the Greek letter, Β, β

DeclensionEdit

Declension of beta
singular plural
nominative beta bete
genitive bete beta
dative beti betama
accusative betu bete
vocative beto bete
locative beti betama
instrumental betom betama

SlovakEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

beta f (genitive singular bety, nominative plural bety, genitive plural biet, declension pattern of žena) OR
beta n

  1. beta (Greek letter)

Usage notesEdit

When used in the neuter gender, the word is not declined.

DeclensionEdit

Declension of beta
singular plural
nominative beta bety
genitive bety biet
dative bete betám
accusative betu bety
locative bete betách
instrumental betou betami

ReferencesEdit

  • beta in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta) ultimately from Proto-Semitic *bayt- (“house”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

beta f (plural betas)

  1. beta; the Greek letter Β, β

Derived termsEdit

SwedishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Latin bēta, from Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).

NounEdit

beta n or c

  1. beta; the Greek letter Β, β
  2. (computing) a beta version of a program
  3. (slang) short for minnesbeta
DeclensionEdit
Declension of beta Greek letter
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative beta betat beta betan
Genitive betas betats betas betans
Declension of beta 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative beta betan betor betorna
Genitive betas betans betors betornas

VerbEdit

beta (present betar, preterite betade, supine betat, imperative beta)

  1. to test software prior to release
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of beta (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive beta betas
Supine betat betats
Imperative beta —
Imper. plural1 beten —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative betar betade betas betades
Ind. plural1 beta betade betas betades
Subjunctive2 bete betade betes betades
Participles
Present participle betande
Past participle betad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Etymology 2Edit

Ultimately from Latin bēta (“beet”).

NounEdit

beta c

  1. beetroot
DeclensionEdit
Declension of beta 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative beta betan betor betorna
Genitive betas betans betors betornas

Etymology 3Edit

bete +‎ -a

VerbEdit

beta (present betar, preterite betade, supine betat, imperative beta)

  1. to graze; to eat grass; to feed on growing herbage.
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of beta (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive beta betas
Supine betat betats
Imperative beta —
Imper. plural1 beten —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative betar betade betas betades
Ind. plural1 beta betade betas betades
Subjunctive2 bete betade betes betades
Participles
Present participle betande
Past participle betad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
See alsoEdit

Etymology 4Edit

Clipping of betaga; be- +‎ ta. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

beta (present betar, preterite betog, supine betagit, imperative beta)

  1. to steal
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of beta (class 6 strong)
Active Passive
Infinitive beta betas
Supine betagit betagits
Imperative beta —
Imper. plural1 betan —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative betar betog betas betogs
Ind. plural1 beta betogo betas betogos
Subjunctive2 beta betoge betas betoges
Participles
Present participle betagande
Past participle betagen
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Conjugation of betaga (class 6 strong, dated)
Active Passive
Infinitive betaga betagas
Supine betagit betagits
Imperative betag —
Imper. plural1 betagen —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative betager betog betages betogs
Ind. plural1 betaga betogo betagas betogos
Subjunctive2 betage betoge betages betoges
Participles
Present participle betagande
Past participle betagen
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
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