keel
See also: Keel
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English kele, from Old Norse kjǫlr, itself from Proto-Germanic *keluz, of uncertain origin. Displaced Old English ċēol from a related root. Distantly related to kile.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
keel (plural keels)
- (nautical) A large beam along the underside of a ship’s hull from bow to stern.
- 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto X:
- I hear the noise about thy keel;
I hear the bell struck in the night:
I see the cabin-window bright;
I see the sailor at the wheel.
- (nautical) A rigid, flat piece of material anchored to the lowest part of the hull of a ship to give it greater control and stability.
- (aeronautics) In a dirigible, a construction similar in form and use to a ship's keel; in an aeroplane, a fin or fixed surface employed to increase stability and to hold the machine to its course.
- (by extension) The rigid bottom part of something else, especially an iceberg.
- Coordinate term: bummock
- 1975, Nathaniel Bowditch, American Practical Navigator: An Epitome of Navigation, page 834:
- The most important ice features are the frequency and extent of downward projections (bummocks and ice keels) from the underside of the ice canopy (pack ice and enclosed water areas from the point of view of the submariner) […]
- 1986, Environmental Studies Revolving Funds (Canada), C. F. M. Lewis, Federal Panel on Energy Research and Development (Canada), Gulf Canada Resources Inc, Ice Scour Workshop (1985 : Calgary, Alta.), Ice Scour and Seabed Engineering: Proceedings of a Workshop on Ice Scour Research:
- Bill Roggensack, EBA Engineering Ltd.: So at the end of this particular simulation, presumably the keel of the iceberg is in contact with the seabed? / Chris Woodworth-Lynas: It is just in contact with the seabed.
- 2021 September 30, Kenneth Andrus, Arctic Menace, Babylon Books, →ISBN:
- Would he be able to break through the surface ice or would they ram into an ice keel extending down from the bottom of the ice pack that would rip their craft open like a mere sardine can?
- (nautical) A type of flat-bottomed boat.
- 1948 January and February, “Notes and News: Duke of Wellington's Early Railway Journey”, in Railway Magazine, page 56:
- The ladies remained at the house, while the men walked to the staith on the [River] Wear, and were shown the process of unloading the wagons into the keels by means of the coal-drop.
- (zoology) The periphery of a whorl extended to form a more or less flattened plate; a prominent spiral ridge.
- (botany) The two lowest petals of the corolla of a papilionaceous flower, united and enclosing the stamens and pistil; a carina.
- 1985, Charles L. Scott, The Genus Haworthia (Liliaceae): A Taxonomic Revision, page 80:
- Vegetatively it is the nearest to H. translucens with its oblong-lanceolate leaves, with the margins and keel beset with pellucid teeth, but it differs and is characterised by the greyish-black quadrantly positioned globose flowers; […]
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
beam along the underside of a ship’s hull
|
rigid flat piece of material giving a ship greater control and stability
a type of flat-bottomed boat
Verb edit
keel (third-person singular simple present keels, present participle keeling, simple past and past participle keeled)
- (intransitive, followed by "over") to collapse, to fall
- He keeled over after having a stroke.
- To traverse with a keel; to navigate.
- To turn up the keel; to show the bottom.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
collapse, fall
|
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle English kelen, from Old English cēlan (“to cool, to make or become cool”), from Proto-West Germanic *kōlijan, from Proto-Germanic *kōlijaną (“to cool”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian käile, köile (“to cool”), Dutch koelen (“to cool”), German Low German köhlen (“to cool”), German kühlen (“to cool”), Danish køle (“to cool”), Icelandic kæla (“to cool”).
Verb edit
keel (third-person singular simple present keels, present participle keeling, simple past and past participle keeled)
- (transitive, obsolete) To cool; make cool; to cool by stirring or skimming in order to keep from boiling over.
- while greasy Joan doth keel the pot (Shakespeare)
- (transitive, obsolete) To moderate the ardour or intensity of; assuage; to appease, pacify, or lessen.
- (intransitive, obsolete) To become cool; cool down.
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
keel (plural keels)
Etymology 3 edit
Probably from Scottish Gaelic cìl (“ruddle”).
Noun edit
keel
Verb edit
keel (third-person singular simple present keels, present participle keeling, simple past and past participle keeled)
- (Scotland, transitive) To mark with ruddle.
Etymology 4 edit
Compare Scots kele, keil, keill (“to put to death, kill”).
Verb edit
keel (third-person singular simple present keels, present participle keeling, simple past and past participle keeled)
Usage notes edit
- Used to mimic a foreign accent.
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch keel, from Middle Dutch kēle, from Old Dutch kela, from Proto-Germanic *kelǭ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
keel (plural kele)
Derived terms edit
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch kēle, from Old Dutch kela, from Proto-West Germanic *kelā, from Proto-Germanic *kelǭ.
Noun edit
keel f (plural kelen, diminutive keeltje n)
- throat
- Synonym: hals
- Hij had last van een zere keel na het schreeuwen tijdens het concert.
- He had a sore throat after shouting during the concert.
- Als je een visgraat inslikt, kan het in je keel blijven steken.
- If you swallow a fishbone, it can get stuck in your throat.
- De zangeres heeft een prachtige stem die uit haar keel komt.
- The singer has a beautiful voice that comes from her throat.
Derived terms edit
- baard in de keel
- blauwkeelara
- blauwkeeltje
- keelgat
- keelpijn
- robijnkeelkolibrie
- roodkeelduiker
- roodkeelpieper
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From French gueule (“red throat of wild animals”), from Old French goles, plural of gole (“throat”), from Latin gula. Distantly related to Etymology 1 above.
Noun edit
keel n (uncountable)
Anagrams edit
Estonian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Finnic *keeli, from Proto-Uralic *käle. Cognate with Finnish kieli.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
keel (genitive keele, partitive keelt)
Declension edit
| Declension of keel (ÕS type 13/suur, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | keel | keeled | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | keele | ||
| genitive | keelte | ||
| partitive | keelt | keeli | |
| illative | keelde keelesse |
keeltesse keelisse | |
| inessive | keeles | keeltes keelis | |
| elative | keelest | keeltest keelist | |
| allative | keelele | keeltele keelile | |
| adessive | keelel | keeltel keelil | |
| ablative | keelelt | keeltelt keelilt | |
| translative | keeleks | keelteks keeliks | |
| terminative | keeleni | keelteni | |
| essive | keelena | keeltena | |
| abessive | keeleta | keelteta | |
| comitative | keelega | keeltega | |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “keel”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
- “keel”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
keel
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
keel
Ingrian edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkeːl/, [ˈkeːlʲ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkeːlʲ/, [ˈke̝ːlʲ]
- Rhymes: -eːl, -eːlʲ
- Hyphenation: keel
Noun edit
keel
- Alternative form of keeli
Declension edit
| Declension of keel (type 5/keeli, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | keel | keelet |
| genitive | keelen | keeliin, keelilöin |
| partitive | keeltä, keelt | keeliä, keelilöjä |
| illative | keelee | keelii, keelilöihe |
| inessive | keelees | keeliis, keelilöis |
| elative | keelest | keelist, keelilöist |
| allative | keelelle | keelille, keelilöille |
| adessive | keeleel | keeliil, keelilöil |
| ablative | keelelt | keelilt, keelilöilt |
| translative | keeleks | keeliks, keelilöiks |
| essive | keelennä, keeleen | keelinnä, keelilöinnä, keeliin, keelilöin |
| exessive1) | keelent | keelint, keelilöint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References edit
Tedim Chin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *keel, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *keel.
Noun edit
keel
References edit
- Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip