gula
English edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin gula (“throat, gullet”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɡjuːlə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɡ(j)ulə/
- Homophone: gular (in non-rhotic accents)
- Rhymes: -uːlə
- Hyphenation: gul‧a
Noun edit
- The upper front of the neck, next to the chin; the upper throat.
- (zoology) A plate which in most insects supports the submentum.
- (architecture) A capping moulding; a cymatium.
Derived terms edit
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “gula”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)
Anagrams edit
Brunei Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula
- sugar (sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink)
Dharug edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula
Gamilaraay edit
Noun edit
gula
Hausa edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gulā̀ f (plural gulōlī, possessed form gulàr̃)
- a kind of drumstick with a large head (for beating drums)
See also edit
Iban edit
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula
- sugar (sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink)
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From gulur (“yellow”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula f (genitive singular gulu, no plural)
Declension edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Malay gula, from Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula (first-person possessive gulaku, second-person possessive gulamu, third-person possessive gulanya)
Affixed terms edit
Compounds edit
- gula alkohol
- gula anggur
- gula aren
- gula balok
- gula barbados
- gula barli
- gula batu
- gula batu putih
- gula bit
- gula buah
- gula bubuk
- gula cakar
- gula coklat
- gula darah
- gula darah sewaktu
- gula dekorasi
- gula derawa
- gula ekstrinsik
- gula ganting
- gula gelatin
- gula intrinsik
- gula invert
- gula jagung
- gula jawa
- gula kastor
- gula kelapa
- gula kristal
- gula kubus
- gula kurma
- gula levulosa
- gula malt
- gula meja
- gula mentah
- gula merah
- gula mutiara
- gula nyiur
- gula otak
- gula palma
- gula pasir
- gula pasir kasar
- gula pereduksi
- gula rafinasi
- gula semut
- gula susu
- gula tarik
- gula tebu
- gula tetes
- gula vanila
Further reading edit
- “gula” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese edit
Romanization edit
gula
- Romanization of ꦒꦸꦭ
Laboya edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula
References edit
- Allahverdi Verdizade (2019) “gula”, in Lamboya word list[1], Leiden: LexiRumah
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷoleh₂, from *gʷel- (“throat”). Cognate with Bengali গলা (gola, “throat”), Old Armenian կուլ- (kul-), Russian глотка (glotka, “throat”), Persian گلو (“throat”), Urdu گلا (“throat”) and Northern Kurdish gewrî, gerû (“throat”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡu.la/, [ˈɡʊɫ̪ä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɡu.la/, [ˈɡuːlä]
Noun edit
gula f (genitive gulae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | gula | gulae |
Genitive | gulae | gulārum |
Dative | gulae | gulīs |
Accusative | gulam | gulās |
Ablative | gulā | gulīs |
Vocative | gula | gulae |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- Aromanian: gurã
- Catalan: gola
- Corsican: gola, vola
- Dalmatian: gaula
- Old Francoprovençal: gola
- Old French: goule, guele
- Friulian: gole
- Galician: gola
- Italian: gola
- Lombard: gola
- Megleno-Romanian: gură
- Portuguese: gola, ⇒ goela (from the diminutive *gulella)
- → Portuguese: gula
- Romanian: gură
- Romansch: gula
- Sicilian: gula, ula
- Spanish: gola
- → Spanish: gula
- Venetian: goła, gola
- Walloon: gueuye
- Byzantine Greek: γούλα (goúla)
- Greek: γουλιά (gouliá)
References edit
- “gula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- gula in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”). The Sanskrit equivalent is मधुरं (madhuraṃ, “sugar”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /ɡulə/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /ɡula/
- Rhymes: -ulə, -lə, -ə
Noun edit
gula (Jawi spelling ݢولا, plural gula, informal 1st possessive gulaku, 2nd possessive gulamu, 3rd possessive gulanya)
- sugar (sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink)
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- gula-gula
- bergula (“to contain sugar”)
- menggula
- menggulakan (“to add sugar, to sugar”)
- pengulaan
- gula melaka (“palm sugar”)
- gula kapas (“cotton candy”)
Further reading edit
- “gula” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Northern Ndebele edit
Etymology edit
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb edit
-gula
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Northern Sami edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gula
- inflection of gullat:
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Alternative forms edit
- gule (for the verbs)
Etymology 1 edit
From gul (“gust of wind”).
Verb edit
gula (present tense gular, past tense gula, past participle gula, passive infinitive gulast, present participle gulande, imperative gula/gul)
- to blow (slowly)
Etymology 2 edit
From gul (“yellow”).
Verb edit
gula (present tense gular, past tense gula, past participle gula, passive infinitive gulast, present participle gulande, imperative gula/gul)
- to yellow
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
gula f
References edit
- “gula” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Javanese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- "gula" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Old Norse edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
gula f (genitive gulu)
- Alternative form of gola
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective edit
gula
- inflection of gulr:
Noun edit
gula
References edit
- “gula”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
A variant of kula.
Noun edit
gula f
- (colloquial) bump (swelling on the skin caused by illness or injury)
Noun edit
gula f (male equivalent gularz)
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
gula m animal
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin gula. Doublet of gola.
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -ulɐ
- Hyphenation: gu‧la
Noun edit
gula f (plural gulas)
Related terms edit
Rohingya edit
Noun edit
gula
Romansch edit
Etymology edit
From Latin gula, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”).
Noun edit
gula f (plural gulas)
Derived terms edit
- (Puter, Vallader) gulacotschen
- (Surmiran) gulard
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin gula. Compare the inherited doublet gola.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gula f (plural gulas)
- gluttony (habit of eating in excess)
- Synonym: glotonería
- gourmandizing
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gula”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sundanese edit
Romanization edit
gula
- Romanization of ᮌᮥᮜ
Swazi edit
Etymology edit
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb edit
-gula
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
gula
Noun edit
gula c
Declension edit
Declension of gula | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | gula | gulan | gulor | gulorna |
Genitive | gulas | gulans | gulors | gulornas |
References edit
Xhosa edit
Etymology edit
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb edit
-gula
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu edit
Etymology edit
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb edit
-gula
- (intransitive) to be sick/ill
- (transitive) to skim/scrape together
- (intransitive) to lean, to slant
Inflection edit
References edit
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gula (6.3)”