sop
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /sɒp/
- Rhymes: -ɒp
Audio (Southern England) (file)
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English sop, soppe, sope, from Old English sopa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Dutch sop, Old High German sopfa), deverbative of *sūpaną (“to sup”). More at sup; compare soup.
Noun edit
sop (countable and uncountable, plural sops)
- Something entirely soaked.
- c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], column 1:
- The bounded Waters, / Should lift their boſomes higher then the Shores, / And make a ſoppe of all this ſolid Globe:
- A piece of solid food to be soaked in liquid food.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 13:26, column 1:
- […] Hee it is to whom I ſhall giue a ſoppe, when I haue dipped it.
- 1631, Francis [Bacon], “VIII. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], paragraph 726, page 182, →OCLC:
- […] Sops in Wine, (Quantitie for Quantitie,) inebriate more, than Wine of it ſelfe.
- (figurative) Ellipsis of sop to Cerberus; something given or done to pacify or bribe.
- 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “[The Fables of Æsop, &c.] Fab[le] LXXXVIII. A Man Bit by a Dog.”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC, page 85:
- Ill Nature, in fine, is not to be Cur’d with a Sop; but on the contrary, Quarrelſome Men, as well as Quarrelſome Currs are worſe for fair Uſage.
- 1996, Bernard Knox, Introduction to Robert Fagles's translation of The Odyssey:
- The suggested petrification of the ship is a sop to gratify Poseidon and compensate him for a concession--the Phaeacians will not be cut off from the sea.
- 2020, Robert Kagan, “China’s dangerous Taiwan temptation”, in Washington Post[1]:
- That agreement, with its lofty promises of “one country, two systems,” was a fig leaf, as most knew at the time — a sop to Western consciences guilty for condemning the people of Hong Kong to their ultimate fate as wards of Beijing. What is happening today is exactly what was predicted and exactly what Chinese leaders intended. Our outrage, while appropriate, is also embarrassing.
- 2024 January 2, David A. Graham, “An Old-Fashioned Scandal Fells a New Harvard President”, in The Atlantic[2]:
- Conservatives have long had it out for Gay, Harvard’s first Black president, whose appointment they viewed as a sop to progressive diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives.
- (derogatory) Ellipsis of milksop; a weak, easily frightened or ineffectual person.
- (Appalachia) Gravy.
- (obsolete) A thing of little or no value.
- 1988 August 20, Rex Wockner, “Nobody Can Do It Like The USA”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 6, page 5:
- Here, in Barcelona, your streets are alive at night, you walk, you eat for hours, you interact, you share your minds. Americans watch their 91 channels of superficial satellite sop. The whole country and everything you've ever believed about it really functions only on the surface.
- A piece of turf placed in the road as a target for a throw in road bowling.
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
|
|
Verb edit
sop (third-person singular simple present sops, present participle sopping, simple past and past participle sopped)
- (transitive) To steep or dip in any liquid.
- 1687, John Aubrey, Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme, page 29:
- A messe of milke sopt with white bread.
- 1928, Newman Ivey White, American Negro Folk-Songs, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, page 227:
- When I die, don't bury me deep, / Put a jug of 'lasses at my feet, / And a piece of corn bread in my hand, / Gwine to sop my way to the promised land.
- 1945 December 27, Emily Post, “Sopping Bread May Be Done”, in The Spokesman-Review[3]:
- So again let me say that sopping bread into gravy can be done properly merely by putting a piece down on the gravy and then soaking it with the help of a knife and fork as though it were any other food. But taking a soft piece of bread and pushing it under the sauce with your fingers, submerging them as well as the bread, or even wiping the plate with it would be very bad manners indeed.
- (intransitive) To soak in, or be soaked; to percolate.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
|
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sop (plural sops)
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch sop, from Middle Dutch sop (“soup”), from Old Dutch *sop, from Proto-Germanic *suppą.
Noun edit
sop (plural soppe)
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch sop (“soup”), from Old Dutch *sop, from Proto-Germanic *suppą. In the sense “water with soap” it is a shortening of zeepsop.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopje n)
- water with soap, usually for washing
- the sea in terms of somebody who will sail on it
- Het ruime sop kiezen.
- To set sail.
- (now dialectal) Archaic form of soep.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: sop
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
sop (first-person possessive sopku, second-person possessive sopmu, third-person possessive sopnya)
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Irish sop(p), from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax, tow”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sop m (genitive singular soip, nominative plural soip)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
sop (present analytic sopann, future analytic sopfaidh, verbal noun sopadh, past participle soptha)
- (transitive) light with straw
Conjugation edit
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
sop | shop after an, tsop |
not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sop”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 180, page 91
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 9, page 7
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sop”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “sop” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “sop” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Middle English edit
Noun edit
sop
- small amount of food
- c. 1370-1390, William Langland, Piers Plowman
- And if he soupeth, eteth but a sop
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- c. 1370-1390, William Langland, Piers Plowman
Swedish edit
Noun edit
sop c
- a broom with a (usually rectangular) brush at the end
- (colloquial) a container for garbage
- Synonym: (more common) soporna
- Släng den i sopen!
- Throw it in the bin!
Declension edit
Declension of sop | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | sop | sopen | sopar | soparna |
Genitive | sops | sopens | sopars | soparnas |
See also edit
References edit
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
sop
- cleaner
- sop bilong tit ― toothpaste
West Frisian edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopke)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “sop”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
West Uvean edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
sop
References edit
- Claire Moyse-Faurie, Borrowings from Romance languages in Oceanic languages, in Aspects of Language Contact (2008, →ISBN