See also:
U+9F13, 鼓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F13

[U+9F12]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9F14]
U+2FCE, ⿎
KANGXI RADICAL DRUM

[U+2FCD]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FCF]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 207, +0, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土廿十水 (GTJE), four-corner 44147, composition )

  1. Kangxi radical #207, .

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1526, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48330
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2061, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4763, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F13

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (drum) + (hand holding drumstick).

Etymology edit

Area word; compare Proto-Tai *klɔŋᴬ (drum), Saek [script needed] (tlɔɔŋᴬ¹), Proto-Hlai *laŋ¹ (drum), Proto-Wa (*kloʔ, "bronze-drum") (Schuessler, 2007).

(OC *kʷaːʔ, “blind man; musician”) is a derivative.

Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kuoX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kuoX/
Shao
Rongfen
/koX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kɔX/
Li
Rong
/koX/
Wang
Li
/kuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁaʔ/
English drum (n. & v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4337
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷaːʔ/
Notes
 

Definitions edit

  1. (music) drum (Classifier: m)
      ―  shǒu  ―  drummer
  2. to drum; to beat a drum
  3. (literary) to play; to perform; to sound (a musical instrument)
  4. to beat; to clap
      ―  zhǎng  ―  to clap hands
  5. to blast hot air for smelting
  6. to incite; to encourage
      ―    ―  to encourage
  7. to protrude; to bulge
  8. a surname

Synonyms edit

  • (drum): (Hakka) 鼓仔
  • (to protrude):

Hypernyms edit

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (ko)
  • Korean: 고(鼓) (go)
  • Vietnamese: cổ ()

(Others):

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. drum

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology 1 edit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
つづみ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/tudumi1//tudumi//t͡sud͡zumi//t͡suzumi/

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *tuntumi. Related to Okinawan (chijin).

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(つづみ) (tsuzumi

  1. generic name for musical instruments with a leather head that can be struck.
  2. a tsuzumi, hand drum with leather heads at both ends, used in Japanese traditional performing arts:
    1. a 小鼓 (kotsuzumi)
    2. an 大鼓 (ōtsuzumi)
  3. a style of 家紋 (kamon, family crest), like the leather head of a tsuzumi

Proper noun edit

(つずみ) (Tsuzumi

  1. a surname

(つづみ) (Tsuzumi

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2 edit

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun edit

(つつみ) (Tsutsumi

  1. a surname

(ひびき) (Hibiki

  1. a female given name
    from 響き (hibiki, echo)

References edit

  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (buk go))

  1. Hanja form? of (drum).

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: cổ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.