堂皇

Chinese

		(main) hall; large room	emperor; surname
simp. and trad. (堂皇)		堂	皇

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tánghuáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tong⁴ wong⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tông-hông

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tánghuáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tánghuáng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻang²-huang²
    • Yale: táng-hwáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarnghwang
    • Palladius: танхуан (tanxuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tong⁴ wong⁴
    • Yale: tòhng wòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tong⁴ wong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tong⁴ wong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông-hông
    • Tâi-lô: tông-hông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: donghoong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dang hwang

Rime
Character	堂	皇
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	徒郎切	胡光切
Baxter	dang	hwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑŋ/	/ɦwɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑŋ/	/ɦʷɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑŋ/	/ɣuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daŋ/	/ɦwaŋ/
Li Rong	/dɑŋ/	/ɣuɑŋ/
Wang Li	/dɑŋ/	/ɣuɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑŋ/	/ɣwɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táng	huáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tong4	wong4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ˤaŋ  [ɢ]ʷˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːŋ  ɡʷaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	堂	皇	皇
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	táng	huáng	huáng
Middle Chinese	‹ dang ›	‹ hwang ›	‹ hwang ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ˁaŋ/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/
English	hall	yellow and white spotted	sovereign
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堂	皇
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11138	12696
Phonetic component	尚	王
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	唐	黃
Old Chinese	/*daːŋ/	/*ɡʷaːŋ/
Notes		禮王制鄭注冕屬， 金文象羽冠，王聲；或雲象日射輝則爲暀晃初文

Adjective

堂皇

1. grand; stately; magnificent

Synonyms

• 壯美／壮美 (zhuàngměi)
• 壯麗／壮丽 (zhuànglì)
• 宏璉／宏琏 (hóngliǎn) (literary)
• 富盛 (fùshèng) (literary)
• 富麗／富丽 (fùlì)
• 氣派／气派
• 瑰麗／瑰丽 (guīlì)
• 絢麗／绚丽 (xuànlì)
• 華美／华美
• 華靡／华靡 (huámǐ) (literary)
• 華麗／华丽 (huálì)
• 誇麗／夸丽 (kuālì) (literary)
• 豪華／豪华 (háohuá)

 

Noun

堂皇

1. large palace

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (堂皇):

• → Vietnamese: đường hoàng (堂皇)