巫
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Translingual edit
Han character edit
巫 (Kangxi radical 48, 工+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一人人 (MOO), four-corner 10108, composition ⿻工从)
Derived characters edit
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 325, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8728
- Dae Jaweon: page 629, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 412, character 8
- Unihan data for U+5DEB
Chinese edit
simp. and trad. |
巫 |
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Glyph origin edit
Historical forms of the character 巫 | ||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) – originally two pieces of jade crossed over each other as used in ancient shamanistic practices. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Glyph origin from Chinese Wiktionary”)
Etymology edit
- “shaman; witch”
- This word initially referred to spirit medium/shaman of either sex, but eventually female when contrasted with 覡 (OC *ɡeːɡ, “male shaman”). Various hypotheses exist regarding its etymology (Schuessler, 2007):
- Cognate with Tibetan འབའ་པོ ('ba' po, “magician, sorcerer”), འབའ་མོ ('ba' mo, “sorceress”).
- Cognate with 誣 (OC *ma, “to deceive”).
- Cognate with 舞 (OC *maʔ, “to dance”).
- Cognate with 母 (OC *mɯʔ, “female”).
- Victor Mair (1990) and Jao Tsung-I (1990) proposed that this is a loanword from Old Persian 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 (maguš) (more at Wikipedia: Magus). (Mair, 1990; Mair, 2012).
- Thai หมอ (mɔ̌ɔ, “doctor”) < Proto-Tai *ʰmo:ᴬ (“shaman”) is generally assumed to be a Sino-Tibetan loan (Pittayaporn, 2014). More at Wu (shaman), Magi#In Chinese sources, magus.
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
巫
- shaman; witch; sorcerer; wizard
- witch doctor
- (chiefly Malaysia, Singapore) Malay; Melayu; relating to ethnic Malays
- 巫統/巫统 ― wūtǒng ― United Malays National Organisation, UMNO
- a surname
Descendants edit
- → English: wu
Compounds edit
- 大巫嫗/大巫妪
- 女巫 (nǚwū)
- 小巫見大巫/小巫见大巫 (xiǎowújiàndàwú)
- 巫人 (wūrén)
- 巫咸
- 巫妖 (wūyāo)
- 巫婆 (wūpó, “witch, sorceress”)
- 巫子
- 巫山 (Wūshān, “Wushan”)
- 巫山之夢/巫山之梦
- 巫山之會/巫山之会
- 巫山洛浦
- 巫山雲雨/巫山云雨
- 巫峰
- 巫峽/巫峡 (Wūxiá)
- 巫師/巫师 (wūshī, “sorcerer”)
- 巫教 (wūjiào)
- 巫族
- 巫樂/巫乐
- 巫毒教 (wūdújiào, “voodoo”)
- 巫溪 (Wūxī)
- 巫神 (wūshén)
- 巫祝
- 巫蠱/巫蛊
- 巫蠱之獄/巫蛊之狱
- 巫術/巫术 (wūshù, “shamanism, witchcraft, sorcery”)
- 巫裔 (wūyì)
- 巫覡/巫觋 (wūxí)
- 巫語/巫语 (wūyǔ)
- 巫醫/巫医 (wūyī, “witch doctor”)
- 祝巫
- 神巫 (shénwū)
- 雲雨巫山/云雨巫山
References edit
- “巫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings edit
Compounds edit
- 県巫 (agatamiko)
- 巫子 (ichiko)
- 大御巫 (ōmikamuko)
- 男巫 (otokomiko)
- 乙女巫 (otomemiko)
- 女巫 (onnamiko)
- 巫覡 (kine)
- 里巫 (satomiko)
- 巫鳥 (shitodo)
- 女巫 (jofu)
- 巫女 (suzushime)
- 巫女 (noro)
- 肘巫 (hijikannagi)
- 巫医 (fui): a shrine maiden and a doctor; someone who is both a shrine maiden and a doctor
- 巫峡 (fukyō): Wu Gorge (the second of China's Three Gorges)
- 巫覡 (fugeki): male and female sorcerers and shamans
- 巫蠱 (fuko)
- 巫山 (Fuzan): Wushan, the Wu Mountains, a mountainous area in China along the Wu Gorge
- 巫山雲雨 (Fuzan'un'u)
- 巫山之夢 (Fuzannoyume)
- 巫史 (fushi)
- 巫呪 (fuju)
- 巫祝 (fushuku)
- 巫術 (fujutsu): shamanism; witchcraft, sorcery
- 巫女 (fujo)
- 御巫 (mikanko)
- 御巫 (mikannagi)
- 御巫 (mikōnoko)
- 巫女 (miko): a shrine maiden
- 野巫 (yabu)
- 湯巫 (yumiko)
- 霊巫 (reifu)
Usage notes edit
This is the only kanji added to the jinmeiyō kanji list on 7 January 2015 by the Japanese government; previously classified as hyōgaiji.
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
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巫 |
かんなぎ Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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覡 |
/kamunaɡi/ → /kaɴnaɡi/
From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 神 (kamu, “god, spirit”) + 和ぎ (nagi, “calming, calming down”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 和ぐ (nagu, “to become calm, to become quiet”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- (archaic) a medium or shaman, usually female, who acts as a medium between humans and the spirits or gods, helping to communicate between the two and to calm any supernatural or spiritual upset
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
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巫 |
こうなぎ Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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覡 |
/kamunaɡi/ → /kaũnaɡi/ → /kaunaɡi/ → /kɔːnaɡi/ → /koːnaɡi/
Shift in pronunciation of the 神 (kamu) element, similar to the pattern seen in terms such as 神戸 (“Kōbe”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) a medium or shaman, usually female, who acts as a medium between humans and the spirits or gods, helping to communicate between the two and to calm any supernatural or spiritual upset
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Chinese 巫 (MC mju). Recorded as Middle Korean 무 (mwu) (Yale: mwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja edit
Compounds edit
References edit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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