See also:
U+6851, 桑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6851

[U+6850]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6852]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 75, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水水水木 (EEED), four-corner 17904, composition)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 526, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14772
  • Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1209, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6851

ChineseEdit

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. 𰗑
alternative forms
𣕐

𠭨
𠭌

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     

Etymology 1Edit

Unknown (Schuessler (2007)).

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • sng - vernacular;
  • song - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /sɑŋ⁵⁵/
    Harbin /saŋ⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /sɑŋ²¹/
    Jinan /saŋ²¹³/
    Qingdao /saŋ²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /saŋ²⁴/
    Xi'an /saŋ²¹/
    Xining /sɔ̃⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /sɑŋ⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /sɑ̃³¹/
    Ürümqi /sɑŋ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /saŋ⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /saŋ⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /saŋ⁵⁵/
    Kunming /sã̠⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /saŋ³¹/
    Hefei /sɑ̃²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /sɒ̃¹¹/
    Pingyao /sɑŋ¹³/
    /ɕyə¹³/
    Hohhot /sɑ̃³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /sɑ̃⁵³/
    Suzhou /sɑ̃⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /sɑŋ³³/
    Wenzhou /suɔ³³/
    Hui Shexian /so³¹/
    Tunxi /sau¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /san³³/
    Xiangtan /sɔn³³/
    Gan Nanchang /sɔŋ⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /soŋ⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /soŋ²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sɔŋ⁵³/
    Nanning /ɬɔŋ⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /sɔŋ⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sɔŋ⁵⁵/
    /sŋ̍⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /souŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /sɔŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /sɯŋ³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /saŋ²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (16)
    Final () (101)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /sɑŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /sɑŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /sɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /saŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /sɑŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /sɑŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /sɑŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    sāng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    song1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    sāng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ sang ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[s]ˁaŋ/
    English mulberry tree

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 10980
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*sŋaːŋ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. mulberry tree
    2. a surname
    SynonymsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    Borrowed from Japanese さん (-san). Compare Min Nan 卡桑 (khà-sàng), 多桑 (tò-sàng), 歐巴桑欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng), and 歐吉桑欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng).

    PronunciationEdit


    DefinitionsEdit

    1. (Mandarin, ACG, Internet slang) -san

    SynonymsEdit

    Related termsEdit

    • (jiàng, “-chan”), (tàn, “-tan”), (jūn, “-kun”), (yàng, “-sama”)

    JapaneseEdit

     

    KanjiEdit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. mulberry

    ReadingsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    くわ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    /kupa//kuɸa//kuwa/

    From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

    Ultimate derivation unclear. Definitely not related to Korean (ppong, mulberry tree) or 오디 (odi, mulberry fruit), nor to Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, mulberry tree) or ツレㇷ゚ニ (turepni, mulberry tree).

    Some theories suggest this might have originally been a compound. Possible derivations may include:

    • A shift from (kopa, silkworm + leaf)
    • A shift from (kopa, non-Chinese people to the west of China + leaf), possibly referencing the origin of some mulberry species in central Asia
    • A contraction of 食ふ (kupu pa, eat + leaf), where kupu is the ancient reading of modern 食う (kuu)

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    (くわ) (kuwaくは (kufa)?

    1. mulberry
    Usage notesEdit

    As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クワ.

    This term can refer to the fruit or the tree. For greater specificity, the following may be used:

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    そう
    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC sɑŋ).

    PronunciationEdit

    AffixEdit

    (そう) (さう (sau)?

    1. mulberry
    2. (US) Short for 桑港 (San Francisco (a city in California, United States)).

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese (MC sɑŋ).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄲᅩᇰ나모 (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò) 사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 뽕나무 (ppongnamu sang))

    1. Hanja form? of (mulberry tree). [affix]

    CompoundsEdit

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Nôm readings: tang, dâu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.