U+7455, 瑕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7455

[U+7454]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7456]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 96, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土口尸水 (MGRSE), four-corner 17147, composition 𤣩)

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 737, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21120
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1148, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1128, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+7455

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡraː): semantic 𤣩 + phonetic (OC *kraːʔ).

Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter hae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠa/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦaɨ/
Li
Rong
/ɣa/
Wang
Li
/ɣa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
haa4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiá
Middle
Chinese
‹  ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ]ˁra/
English flaw, blemish

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5967
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡraː/
Notes

Definitions edit

  1. flaw; blemish

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term

Hyōgaiji
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC hae).

Affix edit

() (ka

  1. blemish, flaw
Derived terms edit

Noun edit

() (ka

  1. a flaw

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
きず
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
きず6
[noun] any form of shallow wound: an injury, cut, scar
[noun] any kind of light damage: a chip, scratch, blemish, stain
Alternative spellings
, , キズ
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Derived terms edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(ha) (hangeul , revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Japanese edit

Etymology edit

Attested phonetically as 岐受 in the Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki of 794.[1][2]

From Proto-Japonic *kensu; the mid-vowel is reconstructed on the basis of the Southern Ryukyuan cognates.

Noun edit

(ki₁zu)

  1. any form of shallow wound: a blemish, injury, scar
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 897:
      ...世間能宇計久都良計久伊等能伎提痛伎爾波鹹塩遠灌知布何其等久...
      yo₂no₂naka no₂ uke₁ku turake₁ku ito₂ no₂ ki₁te itaki₁ ki₁zu ni pa karasipo wo so₂so₂ku tipu ga go₂to₂ku...
      In this world of gloom and hardship like a painful wound being poured with salt...
  2. any kind of light damage: a crack, flaw, scratch
    • 720, Nihon Shoki, (Age of the gods, part 1):
      , Kitano-bon glosses:[2]
      是時、以鏡入石窟者、觸戸小瑕。其秡今猶存。
      At this time, when the mirror was set in the rock-cave, it makes contact with the door with a slight crack. This damage remains to this day.

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Japanese: (kizu)

References edit

  1. ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), →ISBN, page 241
  2. 2.0 2.1 きず 【傷・疵・瑕・創】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)  [1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings:

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.