暇
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Translingual edit
Han character edit
暇 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日口尸水 (ARSE), four-corner 67047, composition ⿰日叚)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 497, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14036
- Dae Jaweon: page 865, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1527, character 2
- Unihan data for U+6687
Chinese edit
simp. and trad. |
暇 | |
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2nd round simp. | ⿰日下 |
Glyph origin edit
Historical forms of the character 暇 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡraːs) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 叚 (OC *kraːʔ)
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Any relation to 假 ("vacation")?”)
Pulleyblank (1973) suggests that it is cognate with 閒 (OC *ɡreːn, “idle, unoccupied, relaxed, etc.”).
Sagart (2023b) relates it to 夏 (OC *[ɡ]ˤraʔ) "summer" and Burmese အား (a:, “to be free (not in use; without obligations)”).
Pronunciation 1 edit
Definitions edit
暇
Compounds edit
Pronunciation 2 edit
Definitions edit
暇
References edit
- “暇”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
Readings edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
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暇 |
ひま Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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閑 |
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
暇 • (hima) -na (adnominal 暇な (hima na), adverbial 暇に (hima ni))
Inflection edit
Stem forms | |||
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Imperfective (未然形) | 暇だろ | ひまだろ | hima daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 暇で | ひまで | hima de |
Terminal (終止形) | 暇だ | ひまだ | hima da |
Attributive (連体形) | 暇な | ひまな | hima na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 暇なら | ひまなら | hima nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 暇であれ | ひまであれ | hima de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 暇ではない 暇じゃない |
ひまではない ひまじゃない |
hima de wa nai hima ja nai |
Informal past | 暇だった | ひまだった | hima datta |
Informal negative past | 暇ではなかった 暇じゃなかった |
ひまではなかった ひまじゃなかった |
hima de wa nakatta hima ja nakatta |
Formal | 暇です | ひまです | hima desu |
Formal negative | 暇ではありません 暇じゃありません |
ひまではありません ひまじゃありません |
hima de wa arimasen hima ja arimasen |
Formal past | 暇でした | ひまでした | hima deshita |
Formal negative past | 暇ではありませんでした 暇じゃありませんでした |
ひまではありませんでした ひまじゃありませんでした |
hima de wa arimasen deshita hima ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 暇で | ひまで | hima de |
Conditional | 暇なら(ば) | ひまなら(ば) | hima nara (ba) |
Provisional | 暇だったら | ひまだったら | hima dattara |
Volitional | 暇だろう | ひまだろう | hima darō |
Adverbial | 暇に | ひまに | hima ni |
Degree | 暇さ | ひまさ | himasa |
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
- 暇人 (himajin)
- 暇を唾す (hima o tsubasu)
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
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暇 |
いとま Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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遑 |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
References edit
Korean edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [가]
Hanja edit
暇 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
暇: Hán Nôm readings: hạ, hả, há, hã, he, hẻ, hẽ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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