艶

See also: 艷

艶 U+8276, 艶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8276 ← 艵 [U+8275] CJK Unified Ideographs 艷 → [U+8277]

Translingual

Traditional	豔
Shinjitai	艶
Simplified	艳

Han character

艶 (Kangxi radical 139, 色+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿弓日山 (TTNAU), composition ⿰豊色)

Derived characters

• 𡅩, 𡤩, 灔, 𤣚

Related characters

• 豔 (Orthodox form of 艶)

References

• KangXi: page 1014, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30632
• Dae Jaweon: page 1474, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3073, character 2
• Unihan data for U+8276

Usage notes

According to the Kangxi Dictionary (Yupian), 艶 is an unorthodox form (俗字 (súzì)) of 豔.

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 艶 – see 豔 (“bright and gorgeous; gaudy; relating to love relationships; romantic; etc.”). (This character, 艶, is a variant form of 豔.)

Japanese

Shinjitai	艶
Kyūjitai	艷

Kanji

艶

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 艷)

Readings

• Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)^{←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)^{←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)}
• Kun: つや (tsuya, 艶, Jōyō); あでやか (adeyaka, 艶やか); つやめく (tsuyameku, 艶めく); なまめかしい (namamekashii, 艶かしい); なまめく (namameku, 艶めく)
• Nanori: おお (ō)^{←おほ (ofo, historical)}; もろ (moro); よし (yoshi)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
艶
つや Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
艷 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tuya.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) つや [tsùyá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨᵝja̠]

Noun

艶(つや) • (tsuya) 

1. gloss, lustre (UK)/luster (US)

Derived terms

• 艶歌(つやうた) (tsuyauta)
• 艶種(つやだね) (tsuyadane, “love affair (rumour of)”)
• 艶々(つやつや) (tsuyatsuya)
• 色艶(いろつや) (irotsuya)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
艶
あで Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
艷 (kyūjitai)

Shift from 貴 (ate).

Adjective

艶(あで) • (ade) -na (adnominal 艶(あで)な (ade na), adverbial 艶(あで)に (ade ni))

1. beautiful, charming, elegant

Noun

艶(あで) • (ade) 

1. beauty, charm, elegance

Derived terms

• 艶(あで)やか (adeyaka)
• 艶(あで)姿(すがた) (adesugata)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
艶
えん Grade: S
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
艷 (kyūjitai)

/jiem/ → /jemʉ/ → /emʉ/ → /eɴ/

From Middle Chinese 豔 (MC jiᴇmH).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) え​ん [éꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ẽ̞ɴ]

Adjective

艶(えん) • (en) -na (adnominal 艶(えん)な (en na), adverbial 艶(えん)に (en ni))

1. charming
2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Inflection

Inflection of 艶

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	艶だろ	えんだろ	en daro
Continuative (連用形)	艶で	えんで	en de
Terminal (終止形)	艶だ	えんだ	en da
Attributive (連体形)	艶な	えんな	en na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	艶なら	えんなら	en nara
Imperative (命令形)	艶であれ	えんであれ	en de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	艶ではない 艶じゃない	えんではない えんじゃない	en de wa nai en ja nai
Informal past	艶だった	えんだった	en datta
Informal negative past	艶ではなかった 艶じゃなかった	えんではなかった えんじゃなかった	en de wa nakatta en ja nakatta
Formal	艶です	えんです	en desu
Formal negative	艶ではありません 艶じゃありません	えんではありません えんじゃありません	en de wa arimasen en ja arimasen
Formal past	艶でした	えんでした	en deshita
Formal negative past	艶ではありませんでした 艶じゃありませんでした	えんではありませんでした えんじゃありませんでした	en de wa arimasen deshita en ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	艶で	えんで	en de
Conditional	艶なら（ば）	えんなら（ば）	en nara (ba)
Provisional	艶だったら	えんだったら	en dattara
Volitional	艶だろう	えんだろう	en darō
Adverbial	艶に	えんに	en ni
Degree	艶さ	えんさ	ensa

Noun

艶(えん) • (en) 

1. charm
2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Affix

艶(えん) • (en) 

1. charming, voluptuous
2. love affair, romance
3. gloss, luster

Derived terms

Compounds

• 艶歌(えんか) (enka)
• 艶姿(えんし) (enshi, “alluring figure”)
• 艶書(えんしょ) (ensho, “love letter”)
• 艶色(えんしょく) (enshoku, “bewitching looks; beautiful colour”)
• 艶美(えんび) (enbi, “beauty, charm”)
• 艶福(えんぷく) (enpuku, “success in love”)
• 艶聞(えんぶん) (enbun, “love affair”)
• 艶名(えんめい) (enmei)
• 艶冶(えんや) (en'ya)
• 艶容(えんよう) (en'yō, “charming look”)
• 艶麗(えんれい) (enrei, “dazzling (beauty)”)
• 濃艶(のうえん) (nōen)
• 豊艶(ほうえん) (hōen)
• 妖艶(ようえん) (yōen)

Korean

Alternative forms

• 염 (艷, yeom) (Orthodox form of 艶)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 豔 (MC jiᴇmH). Recorded as Middle Korean 염〯 (yěm) (Yale: yem) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

艶 (eumhun 고울 염 (goul yeom))

1. Hanja form^? of 염 (“charming, voluptuous; love affair, romance; gloss, luster”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 냉염 (冷艶, naeng'yeom, “elegance”)
• 요염 (妖艶, yoyeom, “voluptuous beauty”)
• 농염 (濃艶, nong'yeom, “glamour”)
• 염문 (艶聞, yeommun, “love affair”)
• 염가 (艶歌, yeomga, “love song”)
• 염미 (艶美, yeommi, “sensual beauty”)
• 염사 (艶事, yeomsa, “love story”)
• 염색 (艶色, yeomsaek, “bewitching looks”)
• 염려 (艶麗, yeomnyeo, “dazzling beauty”)
• 음염 (淫艶, eumyeom, “sex appeal”)
• 담염 (澹艶, damyeom, “elegance”)
• 풍염 (豊艶, pung'yeom, “glamour”)
• 염복 (艶福, yeombok, “success in love”)
• 염선 (艶羨, yeomseon, “envy”)
• 염처 (艶妻, yeomcheo, “beautiful wife”)
• 염태 (艶態, yeomtae, “alluring figure”)
• 염자 (艶姿, yeomja, “alluring figure”)
• 염용 (艶容, yeomyong, “charming look”)
• 염서 (艶書, yeomseo, “love letter”)
• 염문 (艶文, yeommun, “love letter”)
• 염곡 (艶曲, yeomgok, “love song”)
• 염정 (艶情, yeomjeong, “love feeling”)

Usage notes

Although not the orthodox form mandated by the "Table of hanja for personal names" and the National Institute of Korean Language, this variant form is far more common in actual usage than its orthodox counterpart.

Some Korean dictionaries include this form "艶" when glossing words containing this Hanja, instead of its orthodox form "艷."

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
• Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 30. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

艶: Hán Nôm readings: diễm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.