黍
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Translingual edit
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Han character edit
黍 (Kangxi radical 202, 黍+0, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木人水 (HDOE), four-corner 20132, composition ⿳禾人氺)
- Kangxi radical #202, ⿉.
Derived characters edit
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1517, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47991
- Dae Jaweon: page 2049, character 33
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4759, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9ECD
Chinese edit
| trad. | 黍 | |
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| simp. # | 黍 | |
Glyph origin edit
| Historical forms of the character 黍 | |||
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| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Etymology edit
Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *nhaʔ, comparing it to Tibetan ནས་ (nas, “barley”). STEDT provisionally reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *nas (“highland barley”).
However, Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct Old Chinese *s-tʰaʔ based on aspirated affricate reflexes in certain Mandarin dialects, e.g. Hefei tʂʰu³, Yangzhou tsʰu³, as well as sound gloss evidence from Shuowen. This would make the comparison to Tibetan less plausible.
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
黍
- proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) (especially glutinous varieties, but also generic[1])
- 我蓺黍稷。我黍與與、我稷翼翼。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Wǒ yì shǔ jì. Wǒ shǔ yúyú, wǒ jì yìyì. [Pinyin]
- That we might plant our broomcorn millet and foxtail millet; that our broomcorn millet might be abundant, and our foxtail millet luxuriant.
我蓺黍稷。我黍与与、我稷翼翼。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal Eastern Min, Putian Min) sorghum
- (Leizhou Min) corn; maize
Synonyms edit
See also edit
Compounds edit
- 不失黍絫
- 不差累黍 (bùchālěishǔ)
- 不爽累黍
- 以戈舂黍
- 作黍
- 嗇黍／啬黍
- 委黍
- 巨黍
- 弄黍
- 搏黍
- 摶黍／抟黍
- 故宮禾黍／故宫禾黍
- 杪黍
- 歌黍
- 殺雞炊黍／杀鸡炊黍
- 殺雞為黍／杀鸡为黍
- 毫黍
- 燔黍
- 燔黍捭豚
- 燔黍擘豚
- 玉蜀黍 (yùshǔshǔ)
- 禾黍
- 禾黍之傷／禾黍之伤
- 禾黍之悲
- 禾黍故宮／禾黍故宫
- 秬黍
- 秫黍
- 稌黍
- 稻黍
- 稷黍
- 穈黍
- 累黍
- 縱黍尺／纵黍尺
- 纍黍／累黍
- 范張雞黍／范张鸡黍
- 茅黍
- 蘆黍／芦黍
- 蜀黍 (shǔshǔ)
- 蟬鳴黍／蝉鸣黍
- 角黍
- 距黍
- 鉅黍／巨黍
- 銖黍／铢黍
- 雞黍／鸡黍 (jīshǔ)
- 雞黍之約／鸡黍之约
- 雞黍期／鸡黍期
- 雞黍約／鸡黍约
- 離黍／离黍
- 香黍
- 鶩角黍／鹜角黍
- 黃黍／黄黍
- 黍仔
- 黍子 (shǔzi)
- 黍尺
- 黍民
- 黍油麥秀／黍油麦秀
- 黍炊
- 黍田
- 黍禾
- 黍秀宮庭／黍秀宫庭
- 黍秫
- 黍秸
- 黍稷
- 黍稷情
- 黍穗
- 黍穟
- 黍穰
- 黍米 (shǔmǐ)
- 黍米酒
- 黍粽
- 黍糕
- 黍累
- 黍絲／黍丝
- 黍絫
- 黍肫
- 黍臛
- 黍苗
- 黍薦／黍荐
- 黍觴／黍觞
- 黍谷
- 黍谷生春
- 黍豚
- 黍酏
- 黍酒
- 黍醅
- 黍醴
- 黍銖／黍铢
- 黍離／黍离 (shǔlí)
- 黍離麥秀／黍离麦秀
- 黍雪
- 黍飯／黍饭
- 黍飴／黍饴
- 黍黍
- 黍黏子
- 黏黍
- 齏黍／齑黍
References edit
- (Min Nan) “Entry #9252”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
- ^ Francesca Bray, "Millet cultivation in China: a historical survey," Journal d'agriculture traditionnelle et de botanique appliquée, 28(3): 291-307, 1981.
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
黍
Readings edit
Compounds edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黍 |
| きび Hyōgaiji |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 稷 |
/kimi/ → /kibi/
Shift from earlier kimi.[1][2]
First cited to a text from 1241.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- common or proso millet, Panicum miliaceum
- Synonym of 蜀黍 (morokoshi): sorghum
- Synonym of 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi): corn, maize
Usage notes edit
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キビ.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黍 |
| きみ Hyōgaiji |
| irregular |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 稷 |
⟨ki1mi1⟩ → */kʲimʲi/ → /kimi/
From Old Japanese.
The proso millet was introduced to Japan in the Yayoi period.[1]
Noun edit
- (obsolete) the common or proso millet, Panicum miliaceum
- (obsolete) Synonym of 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi): corn, maize
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 “きび 【黍・稷】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)
[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Korean edit
Hanja edit
黍 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Old Japanese edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Japonic *kimi.
The proso millet was introduced to Japan in the Yayoi period.[1]
Noun edit
黍 (ki₁mi₁) (kana きみ)
- the common or proso millet, Panicum miliaceum
Descendants edit
- Japanese: 黍 (kimi → kibi)
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “きみ 【黍・稷】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) [2] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 246
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.