Wiktionary

梨

梨 U+68A8, 梨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68A8
← 梧
[U+68A7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 梩 →
[U+68A9]
梨 U+F9E2, 梨
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E2
← 李
[U+F9E1] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 泥 →
[U+F9E3]

Translingual Edit

Han character Edit

梨 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓木 (HND) or X竹弓木 (XHND), four-corner 22904, composition ⿱利木)

References Edit

  • KangXi: page 530, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14873
  • Dae Jaweon: page 918, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1215, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+68A8

Chinese Edit

trad. 梨
simp. # 梨
alternative forms 棃
梸

Glyph origin Edit

Historical forms of the character 梨
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (利) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
犁 *riːl, *ril
黎 *riːl
莉 *riːl, *r'il, *r'i
黧 *riːl
鯬 *riːl, *ril
筣 *riːl, *ri
蔾 *riːl, *ril
藜 *riːl
邌 *riːl
瓈 *riːl
鵹 *rel
棃 *ril
梨 *ril
蟍 *ril
蜊 *ril
鑗 *ril
利 *rids
痢 *rids
浰 *riːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ril): phonetic 利 (OC *rids) + semantic 木.

Etymology Edit

Unknown. Also found in Proto-Hmong-Mien *rəj; folk etymology derives this from 利 (OC *rids, “sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation Edit

Note:
  • lì - “pear”;
  • lài - used in 黃梨.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • lâi - vernacular;
    • lê - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 梨
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 脂 (15)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力脂切
    Baxter lij
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/liɪ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/li/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ljɪ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/li/
    Li
    Rong         		/li/
    Wang
    Li         		/li/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lí
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lei4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 梨
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lí
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lij ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.r[ə][j]/
    English pear tree, pear

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 梨
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7891
    Phonetic
    component         		利
    Rime
    group         		脂
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		棃
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ril/
    Notes 同棃見漢書子虛賦

    Definitions Edit

     
    梨

    梨

    1. pear (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 c)
    2. † Alternative form of 剺 (lí, “to cut”)

    Synonyms Edit

    Dialectal synonyms of 梨 (“pear”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 梨
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 梨, 梨子
    Taxonomic name 梨
    Mandarin Beijing 梨
    Taiwan 梨子
    Tianjin 梨
    Tangshan 梨
    Cangzhou 梨
    Baoding 梨
    Shijiazhuang 梨
    Chifeng 梨
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 梨
    Harbin 梨
    Shenyang 梨
    Yantai (Muping) 梨, 洋梨
    Qingdao 梨
    Jinan 梨
    Luoyang 梨
    Wanrong 梨
    Zhengzhou 梨
    Xi'an 梨
    Yinchuan 梨
    Lanzhou 梨
    Xining 梨兒, 梨
    Ürümqi 香梨, 梨子, 梨
    Wuhan 梨子, 梨
    Chengdu 梨兒, 梨子
    Chongqing 梨兒
    Guiyang 梨, 梨子
    Kunming 梨兒
    Guilin 梨子
    Liuzhou 梨子, 沙梨
    Xuzhou 梨, 梨子
    Yangzhou 梨子, 梨
    Nanjing 梨
    Hefei 梨子, 梨
    Nantong 梨子
    Singapore 梨
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 梨兒
    Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 梨
    Dagudi (Maliba) 梨果
    Reshuitang (Longling) 梨果
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 梨果
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 梨
    Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 梨果兒
    Cantonese Guangzhou 梨
    Hong Kong 梨
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 梨
    Macau 梨
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 梨
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 梨
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 梨
    Foshan 梨
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 梨
    Foshan (Shunde) 梨
    Foshan (Sanshui) 梨
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 梨
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 梨
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 梨
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 梨
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 梨
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 梨
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 梨
    Taishan 梨
    Kaiping (Chikan) 梨
    Enping (Niujiang) 梨
    Heshan (Yayao) 梨
    Dongguan 梨
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 梨
    Yangjiang 梨
    Danzhou 梨
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 梨
    Gan Nanchang 梨
    Lichuan 梨仔
    Pingxiang 梨子
    Hakka Meixian 梨仔
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 梨
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 梨
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 梨
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 梨
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 梨
    Wengyuan 梨
    Liannan 梨
    Conghua (Lütian) 梨
    Jiexi 梨
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 梨
    Changting 梨哩
    Wuping (Yanqian) 梨子
    Ninghua 梨子
    Yudu 梨
    Ningdu 梨子
    Tonggu (Sandu) 梨
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 梨
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 梨仔
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 梨仔
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 梨仔
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 梨
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 梨仔
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 梨
    Hong Kong 梨
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 梨
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 梨
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 梨
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 梨
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 梨
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 梨
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 梨
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 梨
    Mengshan (Xihe) 梨果
    Luchuan 梨
    Senai (Huiyang) 梨
    Huizhou Jixi 梨
    Shexian 雪梨
    Jin Taiyuan 梨兒
    Xinzhou 梨兒
    Linhe 梨
    Jining 梨
    Hohhot 梨
    Zhangjiakou 梨
    Handan 梨兒
    Min Bei Jian'ou 梨
    Min Dong Fuzhou 梨
    Min Nan Xiamen 梨仔
    Quanzhou 梨仔
    Zhangzhou 梨仔
    Zhao'an 梨仔
    Taipei 梨仔
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 梨仔
    Kaohsiung 梨仔
    Yilan 梨仔
    Changhua (Lukang) 梨仔
    Taichung 梨仔
    Tainan 梨仔
    Hsinchu 梨仔
    Kinmen 梨
    Penghu (Magong) 梨仔
    Penang (Hokkien) 梨仔
    Singapore (Hokkien) 梨
    Manila (Hokkien) 梨仔
    Chaozhou 梨
    Bangkok (Teochew) 梨
    Chiang Mai (Teochew) 梨
    Hat Yai (Teochew) 梨
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 梨
    Singapore (Teochew) 梨
    Wenchang 梨
    Puxian Min Putian 梨
    Putian (Donghai) 梨
    Putian (Jiangkou) 梨
    Putian (Nanri) 梨
    Xianyou 梨
    Xianyou (Fengting) 梨
    Xianyou (Youyang) 梨
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 梨
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 梨
    Wu Shanghai 生梨
    Shanghai (Chongming) 水梨
    Suzhou 梨
    Danyang 梨子
    Hangzhou 梨兒
    Ningbo 梨頭
    Wenzhou 消梨
    Jinhua 梨, 梨兒
    Xiang Changsha 梨子
    Loudi 梨子
    Shuangfeng 梨子

    Compounds Edit

    Descendants Edit

    • → Malay: lai (“pear”)
    • → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *rəj (“pear”)

    Japanese Edit

    Kanji Edit

    梨

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. pear

    Readings Edit

    Etymology 1 Edit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
     
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
     
    梨 (nashi, ri, rin: the tree) and the fruit.
    Kanji in this term
    梨
    なし
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *nasi[1]. Derivation unclear, with numerous theories. Two of the more common are given below.

    • May be originally a compound of 中 (na, “middle, center”, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ 白 (shiro, “white”) in reference to the pale flesh of the fruit.
    */na ɕiro/ → /naɕi/
    • Alternatively, may be originally a compound of 中 (na, “middle, center”, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ 酢 (su, “sour, acidic”) in reference to the way the flavor of the fruit becomes more astringent closer to the core.
    */na su/ → /naɕi/

    Alternative forms Edit

    Pronunciation Edit

    Noun Edit

    梨(なし) • (nashi) 

    1. a pear tree
    2. a pear (the fruit)
    3. more specifically, the Japanese pear or Asian pear, Pyrus pyrifolia
    Usage notes Edit

    As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナシ.

    Derived terms Edit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2 Edit

    Kanji in this term
    梨
    り
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 梨 (*li). Compare modern Mandarin reading lí.

    Pronunciation Edit

    Affix Edit

    梨(り) • (ri) 

    1. a pear tree
    2. a pear (the fruit)
    3. more specifically, the Japanese pear or Asian pear, Pyrus pyrifolia
    Derived terms Edit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3 Edit

    Kanji in this term
    梨
    りん
    Grade: 4
    kan’yōon

    Alteration of ri reading.

    /ri/ → /rin/

    Pronunciation Edit

    Affix Edit

    梨(りん) • (rin) 

    1. pear
    Derived terms Edit
    Derived terms

    References Edit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean Edit

    Hanja Edit

    梨 (eumhun 배나무 리 (baenamu ri), South Korea 배나무 이 (baenamu i))

    1. Hanja form? of 리/이 (“pear tree”).

    Vietnamese Edit

    Han character Edit

    梨: Hán Nôm readings: lê, lệ

    1. chữ Hán form of lê (“pear”).
    2. chữ Hán form of lệ (“pear”).
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