U+68A8, 梨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68A8

[U+68A7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+68A9]
U+F9E2, 梨
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E2

[U+F9E1]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9E3]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 75, +7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓木 (HND) or 難竹弓木 (XHND), four-corner 22904, composition )

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 530, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14873
  • Dae Jaweon: page 918, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1215, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+68A8

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ril): phonetic (OC *rids) + semantic .

Etymology edit

Unknown. Also found in Proto-Hmong-Mien *rəj; folk etymology derives this from (OC *rids, “sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • lì - “pear”;
  • lài - used in 黃梨.
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • lâi - vernacular;
    • lê - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (15)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter lij
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /liɪ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /li/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ljɪ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /li/
    Li
    Rong
    /li/
    Wang
    Li
    /li/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /li/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    lei4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ lij ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*C.r[ə][j]/
    English pear tree, pear

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7891
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ril/
    Notes

    Definitions edit

     

    1. pear (Classifier: m c;  c)
    2. Alternative form of (, to cut)

    Synonyms edit

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    • Malay: lai (pear)
    • Proto-Hmong-Mien: *rəj (pear)

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. pear

    Readings edit

    Etymology 1 edit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
     
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
     
    (nashi, ri, rin: the tree) and the fruit.
    Kanji in this term
    なし
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese. Derivation unclear, with numerous theories. Two of the more common are given below.

    • May be originally a compound of (na, middle, center, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ (shiro, white) in reference to the pale flesh of the fruit.
    */na ɕiro//naɕi/
    • Alternatively, may be originally a compound of (na, middle, center, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ (su, sour, acidic) in reference to the way the flavor of the fruit becomes more astringent closer to the core.
    */na su//naɕi/

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (なし) or (ナシ) (nashi

    1. a pear tree
    2. a pear (the fruit)
    3. more specifically, a Japanese pear or Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)
    Usage notes edit

    As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナシ.

    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (*li). Compare modern Mandarin reading .

    Pronunciation edit

    Affix edit

    () (ri

    1. a pear tree
    2. a pear (the fruit)
    3. more specifically, a Japanese pear or Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)
    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 3 edit

    Kanji in this term
    りん
    Grade: 4
    kan’yōon

    Alteration of ri reading.

    /ri//rin/

    Pronunciation edit

    Affix edit

    (りん) (rin

    1. pear
    Derived terms edit

    References edit

    1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (eumhun 나무 (baenamu ri), South Korea 나무 (baenamu i))

    1. Hanja form? of / (pear tree).

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: , lệ

    1. chữ Hán form of (pear).
    2. chữ Hán form of lệ (pear).