U+68A8, 梨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68A8

[U+68A7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+68A9]
U+F9E2, 梨
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E2

[U+F9E1]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9E3]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 75, +7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓木 (HND) or 難竹弓木 (XHND), four-corner 22904, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 530, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14873
  • Dae Jaweon: page 918, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1215, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+68A8

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ril) : phonetic (OC *rids) + semantic .

Etymology

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Unknown. Also found in Proto-Hmong-Mien *rəj; folk etymology derives this from (OC *rids, “sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • lì - “pear”;
  • lài - used in 黃梨.
Note:
  • lâi - vernacular;
  • lê - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (15)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter lij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/liɪ/
Pan
Wuyun
/li/
Shao
Rongfen
/ljɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/li/
Li
Rong
/li/
Wang
Li
/li/
Bernard
Karlgren
/li/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lei4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ lij ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.r[ə][j]/
English pear tree, pear

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7891
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ril/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. pear (Classifier: m c;  c)
  2. Alternative form of (, to cut)

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Malay: lai (pear)
  • Proto-Hmong-Mien: *rəj (pear)

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. pear

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ri)
  • Kan-on: (ri)
  • Kan’yō-on: りん (rin)
  • Kun: なし (nashi, , Jōyō)
  • Nanori: (ka)

Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
(nashi): the pear tree and fruit.
Kanji in this term
なし
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Derivation unclear, with numerous theories. Two of the more common are given below.

  • May be originally a compound of (na, middle, center, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ (shiro, white) in reference to the pale flesh of the fruit.[1]
*/na ɕiro//naɕi/
  • Alternatively, may be originally a compound of (na, middle, center, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ (su, sour, acidic) in reference to the way the flavor of the fruit becomes more astringent closer to the core.[1]
*/na su//naɕi/

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(なし) or (ナシ) (nashi

  1. a pear tree
  2. a pear (the fruit)
  3. more specifically, a Japanese pear or Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)
Usage notes
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  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナシ.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC lij). Compare modern Mandarin ().

Pronunciation

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Affix

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() (ri

  1. a pear tree
  2. a pear (the fruit)
  3. more specifically, a Japanese pear or Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
りん
Grade: 4
kan'yōon

Alteration of ri reading.

/ri//rin/

Pronunciation

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Affix

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(りん) (rin

  1. pear
Derived terms
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 ナシ/梨/なし”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, Etymology Derivation Dictionary) (in Japanese), 2003–2024.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 나무 (baenamu ri), word-initial (South Korea) 나무 (baenamu i))

  1. hanja form? of / (pear tree)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: , lệ

  1. chữ Hán form of (pear).
  2. chữ Hán form of lệ (pear).