fern
See also: Fern
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English fern, from Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn, from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (“feather, wing; fern, leaf”), from *p(t)erH- (“fern”).
Cognate with West Frisian fear, Dutch varen, German Farn, Lithuanian spar̃nas, Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (parəna), Ashkun pā́r, Kamkata-viri pór, Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá).
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /fɜːn/
- (General American) IPA(key): /fɝn/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /fɘːn/, [fɜːn]
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)n
NounEdit
fern (plural ferns)
- Any of a group of some twenty thousand species of vascular plants classified in the division Pteridophyta that lack seeds and reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations.
SynonymsEdit
- (Pteridophyta): Filicophyta (archaic)
Derived termsEdit
- air fern (hydrozoan skeletons)
- asparagus fern (in genus Asparagus)
- bamboo fern
- Barnsley fern
- bead fern
- bladder fern
- Boston fern
- buckler fern
- chain fern
- Christmas fern
- cinnamon fern
- climbing maidenhair fern
- evergreen wood fern
- fern bar
- fern bush (Chamaebatiaria millefolium)
- fern house
- fern pine
- fern seed
- fern-leaf
- ferny
- filmy fern
- hay-scented fern
- ice fern
- lady fern
- leatherleaf fern
- maidenhair fern
- male fern
- mosquito fern
- netted chain fern
- New York fern
- northern lady fern
- oak fern
- ostrich fern
- parsley fern
- rabbit's-foot fern
- rattlesnake fern
- royal fern
- seed fern
- sensitive fern
- shield fern
- staghorn fern
- sweetfern (in genus Comptonia)
- sword fern
- Tara fern
- tree fern
- vegetable fern
- Venus hair fern
- walking fern
- whisk fern
- wig tree fern
- Wilson's filmy fern
- wood fern
TranslationsEdit
plant
|
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
AnagramsEdit
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old High German ferrana.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
fern (strong nominative masculine singular ferner, comparative ferner, superlative am fernsten)
DeclensionEdit
Positive forms of fern
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| predicative | er ist fern | sie ist fern | es ist fern | sie sind fern | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | ferner | ferne | fernes | ferne |
| genitive | fernen | ferner | fernen | ferner | |
| dative | fernem | ferner | fernem | fernen | |
| accusative | fernen | ferne | fernes | ferne | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der ferne | die ferne | das ferne | die fernen |
| genitive | des fernen | der fernen | des fernen | der fernen | |
| dative | dem fernen | der fernen | dem fernen | den fernen | |
| accusative | den fernen | die ferne | das ferne | die fernen | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein ferner | eine ferne | ein fernes | (keine) fernen |
| genitive | eines fernen | einer fernen | eines fernen | (keiner) fernen | |
| dative | einem fernen | einer fernen | einem fernen | (keinen) fernen | |
| accusative | einen fernen | eine ferne | ein fernes | (keine) fernen | |
Comparative forms of fern
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| predicative | er ist ferner | sie ist ferner | es ist ferner | sie sind ferner | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | fernerer | fernere | ferneres | fernere |
| genitive | ferneren | fernerer | ferneren | fernerer | |
| dative | fernerem | fernerer | fernerem | ferneren | |
| accusative | ferneren | fernere | ferneres | fernere | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der fernere | die fernere | das fernere | die ferneren |
| genitive | des ferneren | der ferneren | des ferneren | der ferneren | |
| dative | dem ferneren | der ferneren | dem ferneren | den ferneren | |
| accusative | den ferneren | die fernere | das fernere | die ferneren | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein fernerer | eine fernere | ein ferneres | (keine) ferneren |
| genitive | eines ferneren | einer ferneren | eines ferneren | (keiner) ferneren | |
| dative | einem ferneren | einer ferneren | einem ferneren | (keinen) ferneren | |
| accusative | einen ferneren | eine fernere | ein ferneres | (keine) ferneren | |
Superlative forms of fern
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| predicative | er ist am fernsten | sie ist am fernsten | es ist am fernsten | sie sind am fernsten | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | fernster | fernste | fernstes | fernste |
| genitive | fernsten | fernster | fernsten | fernster | |
| dative | fernstem | fernster | fernstem | fernsten | |
| accusative | fernsten | fernste | fernstes | fernste | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der fernste | die fernste | das fernste | die fernsten |
| genitive | des fernsten | der fernsten | des fernsten | der fernsten | |
| dative | dem fernsten | der fernsten | dem fernsten | den fernsten | |
| accusative | den fernsten | die fernste | das fernste | die fernsten | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein fernster | eine fernste | ein fernstes | (keine) fernsten |
| genitive | eines fernsten | einer fernsten | eines fernsten | (keiner) fernsten | |
| dative | einem fernsten | einer fernsten | einem fernsten | (keinen) fernsten | |
| accusative | einen fernsten | eine fernste | ein fernstes | (keine) fernsten | |
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
IcelandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the root fer-. Compare tvennur, þrennur.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
fern
- four (used when counting singular nouns, pluralia tantum or groupings (especially pairs) of items, or when the item counted is missing from the sentence or separated by the preposition af (“of”))
- fernir skór – four pairs of shoes
- fernir tónleikar – four concerts (tónleikar is plurale tantum)
- Þetta má gera á fernan hátt. – This can be done in four ways. (háttur cannot be used in its plural form in this sense)
- Það er fernt sem mig vantar. – There are four [things] that I need. (noun omitted)
- Ég vil fá fernt af öllu. – I want four of everything.
InflectionEdit
positive (strong declension)
positive (weak declension)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
fern (plural ferns)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “fē̆rn, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Old IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Welsh gwern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
fern f (genitive fernae, nominative plural ferna)
InflectionEdit
| Feminine ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | fernL | feirnL | fernaH |
| Vocative | fernL | feirnL | fernaH |
| Accusative | feirnN | feirnL | fernaH |
| Genitive | fernaeH | fernL | fernN |
| Dative | feirnL | fernaib | fernaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
DescendantsEdit
MutationEdit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| fern | ḟern | fern pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old SaxonEdit
NounEdit
fern m
- Alternative form of infern