af
TranslingualEdit
SymbolEdit
af
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
af (not comparable)
- (postpositive, vulgar, slang, Internet slang, text messaging) Initialism of as fuck.
- 2009 April 6, Kull, Ashley, “Bored af!!!!”, in Twitter[1], archived from the original on 2016-06-14:
- Bored af!!!!
Etymology 2Edit
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of after.
AnagramsEdit
AfarEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Cushitic *ʔaf, from Proto-Afroasiatic [Term?]. Cognates include Oromo afaan, Somali af and Saho af, furthermore Amharic አፍ (ʾäf) and Arabic فَم (fam).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
áf m (plural afitté f or afoofá f or afoofí f)
Usage notesEdit
- The plural afitté is used in the southern dialects, whereas afoofá and afoofí are used in the northern dialects.
DeclensionEdit
Declension of áf | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutive | áf | |||||||||||||||||
predicative | áfa | |||||||||||||||||
subjective | áf | |||||||||||||||||
genitive | aftí | |||||||||||||||||
|
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “af”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab. Related to English of, off and German ab.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
af
- by
- the active part, originator: En roman af Hemingway - A novel by Hemingway
- of
- indicating connection: Ejeren af huset - The owner of the house
- in descriptions: En mand af format - A man of stature; Et hus lavet af træ - A house made of wood
- part of: ni ud af ti - nine out of ten
- from
- of origin: Jeg hørte det af ham - I heard it from him
- off
- away from: Jeg faldt af cyklen - I fell off the bike
- with
- caused by: grøn af misundelse - green with envy
- out of
- motivated by: Han gjorde det af nysgerrighed - He did it out of curiosity
AdverbEdit
af
- off
- tage sit tøj af - take off one's clothes
- of
- på grund af - because of
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch af, from Old Dutch af, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
af
- off
- (postpositional) off, from (implying motion)
- Stomdronken reed de automobilist de weg af.
- Totally drunk, the motorist drove off the road.
- Stomdronken reed de automobilist de weg af.
InflectionEdit
Derived termsEdit
- af en toe
- afbakenen
- afbijten
- afbreken, afbraak
- afbrokkelen
- afdwalen
- afgeven
- afhaken
- afhalen
- afkalven
- afkomen, afkomst
- afkopen
- afkorten, afkorting
- afleggen
- afleiden, afleiding
- aflopen, afloop
- afluisteren
- afmaken
- afmeten, afmeting
- afplatten
- afraden
- afscheiden
- afschuren
- afslaan
- afslanken
- afsluiten
- afstaan
- afstemmen
- afstoten, afstoting
- afstraffen
- afstuderen
- aftreden
- aftrekken
- afwassen
- afwerpen
- afwijken
- afwijzen
- afzetten, afzetting
- afzonderen
- afzweren
DescendantsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
af (used only predicatively, comparative meer af, superlative meest af)
- finished, done (when working on something)
- Het huis is af.
- The house is ready.
- (games) out, dismissed from play under the rules of the game, e.g. by having been tagged
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
GothicEdit
RomanizationEdit
af
- Romanization of 𐌰𐍆
IcelandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
af
Derived termsEdit
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Dutch af (“off”), from Middle Dutch af, from Old Dutch af, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
af (first-person possessive afku, second-person possessive afmu, third-person possessive afnya)
Further readingEdit
- “af” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
MalteseEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
af
- imperative singular of jaf
MapudungunEdit
PrepositionEdit
af (Raguileo spelling)
ReferencesEdit
- Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
Middle DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Dutch af, from Proto-Germanic *ab.
AdverbEdit
af
Usage notesEdit
Generally found in combination with a locative adverb such as hier, daer. Also found combined with a verb. In prepositional usage, van was used.
Alternative formsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ave (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “af”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
af
Old NorseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *ab, whence also Old English æf, af, of (English of), Old Saxon ab, af, Old High German aba, abo (German ab), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af). Compare also au- in Icelandic auvirði.
PrepositionEdit
af
DescendantsEdit
- Icelandic: af
- Faroese: av
- Norn: av
- Westrobothnian: åv, å, a
- Elfdalian: åv
- Old Swedish: af, āf, aff
- Danish: af
- Norwegian Bokmål: av
ReferencesEdit
- “af”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old SaxonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *ab.
PrepositionEdit
af
Old SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
af f (plural aues)
- Apocopic form of aue (“bird”)
- c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 97v.
- […] Et q́ deſcéda ſobreſta piedra la uertud de oḿe q́ téga en la mano dieſtra lança ¬ en la ſinieſtra un af traſtornada.
- […] And may over this stone descend the virtue of the man with a spear in his right hand and an upturned bird on his left.
- […] Et q́ deſcéda ſobreſta piedra la uertud de oḿe q́ téga en la mano dieſtra lança ¬ en la ſinieſtra un af traſtornada.
- c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 97v.
PortugueseEdit
InterjectionEdit
af
Scottish GaelicEdit
InterjectionEdit
af
SomaliEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Cushitic *ʔaf-/*yaf-. Cognate with Beja [script needed] (yēf), Oromo afaan and Afar af.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
af m
ReferencesEdit
- Puglielli, Annarita; Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012), “af”, in Qaamuuska Af-Soomaliga, Rome: RomaTrE-Press, →ISBN, page 35
SwedishEdit
PrepositionEdit
af
- Archaic spelling of av.
Usage notesEdit
Although phased out in the Swedish spelling reform of 1906, this spelling can still be seen in surnames of nobility, such as af Geijerstam and af Wisborg.
See alsoEdit
TurkishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ottoman Turkish عفو ('afv), from Arabic عَفْو (ʕafw).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
af (definite accusative affı, plural aflar)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | af | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | affı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | af | aflar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | affı | afları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | affa | aflara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | afta | aflarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | aftan | aflardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | affın | afların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “af”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
WelshEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- a (colloquial)
PronunciationEdit
- (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /aːv/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /aː/
- (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /aːv/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /aː/
- Rhymes: -aːv
VerbEdit
af
YolaEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English of, from Old English of (“of, from”), an unstressed form of af, æf (“from, off, away”), from Proto-West Germanic *ab.
PrepositionEdit
af
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 22