Wiktionary

af

See also: AF, aF, A.F., af-, .af, äf, and âf

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

af

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Afrikaans.

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

af (not comparable)

  1. (postpositive, vulgar, slang, Internet slang, text messaging) Initialism of as fuck.
    • 2009 April 6, Kull, Ashley, “Bored af!!!!”, in Twitter‎[1], archived from the original on 2016-06-14:
      Bored af!!!!

Etymology 2Edit

  1. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of after.

AnagramsEdit

AfarEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔaf, from Proto-Afroasiatic [Term?]. Cognates include Oromo afaan, Somali af and Saho af, furthermore Amharic አፍ (ʾäf) and Arabic فَم‎ (fam).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

áf m (plural afitté f or afoofá f or afoofí f)

  1. mouth
  2. cutting edge
  3. language

Usage notesEdit

  • The plural afitté is used in the southern dialects, whereas afoofá and afoofí are used in the northern dialects.

DeclensionEdit

Declension of áf
absolutive áf
predicative áfa
subjective áf
genitive aftí
Postpositioned forms
l-case áfal
k-case áfak
t-case áfat
h-case áfah

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “af”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab. Related to English of, off and German ab.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [a], (in the end of a phrase) [ˈæːˀ]

PrepositionEdit

af

  1. by
    the active part, originator: En roman af Hemingway - A novel by Hemingway
  2. of
    indicating connection: Ejeren af huset - The owner of the house
    in descriptions: En mand af format - A man of stature; Et hus lavet af træ - A house made of wood
    part of: ni ud af ti - nine out of ten
  3. from
    of origin: Jeg hørte det af ham - I heard it from him
  4. off
    away from: Jeg faldt af cyklen - I fell off the bike
  5. with
    caused by: grøn af misundelse - green with envy
  6. out of
    motivated by: Han gjorde det af nysgerrighed - He did it out of curiosity

AdverbEdit

af

  1. off
    tage sit tøj af - take off one's clothes
  2. of
    på grund af - because of

DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch af, from Old Dutch af, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ɑf/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: af
  • Rhymes: -ɑf

AdverbEdit

af

  1. off
  2. (postpositional) off, from (implying motion)
    Stomdronken reed de automobilist de weg af.
    Totally drunk, the motorist drove off the road.

InflectionEdit

Pronominal adverbs of af
preposition —
postpositional adv. af
+ het (it) eraf
+ dit (this) hieraf
+ dat (that) daaraf
+ wat (what) waaraf
+ iets (something) ergens af
+ niets (nothing) nergens af
+ alles (everything) overal af

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Jersey Dutch: âf
  • Negerhollands: af
  • → Indonesian: af

AdjectiveEdit

af (used only predicatively, comparative meer af, superlative meest af)

  1. finished, done (when working on something)
    Het huis is af.
    The house is ready.
  2. (games) out, dismissed from play under the rules of the game, e.g. by having been tagged

SynonymsEdit

AntonymsEdit

GothicEdit

RomanizationEdit

af

  1. Romanization of 𐌰𐍆

IcelandicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

af

  1. (with dative) off, from
  2. (with dative) of
  3. (with dative) by

Derived termsEdit

IndonesianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch af (“off”), from Middle Dutch af, from Old Dutch af, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈaf]
  • Hyphenation: af

NounEdit

af (first-person possessive afku, second-person possessive afmu, third-person possessive afnya)

  1. (medicine, surgery) off; removal.

Further readingEdit

MalteseEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

af

  1. imperative singular of jaf

MapudungunEdit

PrepositionEdit

af (Raguileo spelling)

  1. beside; next to.

ReferencesEdit

  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch af, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

AdverbEdit

af

  1. off, out, away
  2. of, about

Usage notesEdit

Generally found in combination with a locative adverb such as hier, daer. Also found combined with a verb. In prepositional usage, van was used.

Alternative formsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Dutch: af
  • Limburgish: aaf

Further readingEdit

Middle WelshEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

af

  1. first-person singular present indicative of mynet

Old NorseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *ab, whence also Old English æf, af, of (English of), Old Saxon ab, af, Old High German aba, abo (German ab), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af). Compare also au- in Icelandic auvirði.

PrepositionEdit

af

  1. of, from, off, by

DescendantsEdit

  • Icelandic: af
  • Faroese: av
  • Norn: av
  • Westrobothnian: åv, å, a
  • Elfdalian: åv
  • Old Swedish: af, āf, aff
    • Swedish: av, af (pre-1906 spelling; remains in surnames)
  • Danish: af
  • Norwegian Bokmål: av

ReferencesEdit

  • “af”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old SaxonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *ab.

PrepositionEdit

af

  1. of
  2. out

Old SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

af f (plural aues)

  1. Apocopic form of aue (“bird”)
    • c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 97v.
      […] Et q́ deſcéda ſobreſta piedra la uertud de oḿe q́ téga en la mano dieſtra lança ¬ en la ſinieſtra un af traſtornada.
      […] And may over this stone descend the virtue of the man with a spear in his right hand and an upturned bird on his left.

PortugueseEdit

InterjectionEdit

af

  1. (Internet slang) afe

Scottish GaelicEdit

InterjectionEdit

af

  1. arf

SomaliEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔaf-/*yaf-. Cognate with Beja [script needed] (yēf), Oromo afaan and Afar af.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

af m

  1. mouth
  2. language

ReferencesEdit

  • Puglielli, Annarita; Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012), “af”, in Qaamuuska Af-Soomaliga, Rome: RomaTrE-Press, →ISBN, page 35

SwedishEdit

PrepositionEdit

af

  1. Archaic spelling of av.

Usage notesEdit

Although phased out in the Swedish spelling reform of 1906, this spelling can still be seen in surnames of nobility, such as af Geijerstam and af Wisborg.

See alsoEdit

TurkishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ottoman Turkish عفو‎ ('afv), from Arabic عَفْو‎ (ʕafw).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

af (definite accusative affı, plural aflar)

  1. pardon

DeclensionEdit

Inflection
Nominative af
Definite accusative affı
Singular Plural
Nominative af aflar
Definite accusative affı afları
Dative affa aflara
Locative afta aflarda
Ablative aftan aflardan
Genitive affın afların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular affım aflarım
2nd singular affın afların
3rd singular affı afları
1st plural affımız aflarımız
2nd plural affınız aflarınız
3rd plural afları afları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular affımı aflarımı
2nd singular affını aflarını
3rd singular affını aflarını
1st plural affımızı aflarımızı
2nd plural affınızı aflarınızı
3rd plural aflarını aflarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular affıma aflarıma
2nd singular affına aflarına
3rd singular affına aflarına
1st plural affımıza aflarımıza
2nd plural affınıza aflarınıza
3rd plural aflarına aflarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular affımda aflarımda
2nd singular affında aflarında
3rd singular affında aflarında
1st plural affımızda aflarımızda
2nd plural affınızda aflarınızda
3rd plural aflarında aflarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular affımdan aflarımdan
2nd singular affından aflarından
3rd singular affından aflarından
1st plural affımızdan aflarımızdan
2nd plural affınızdan aflarınızdan
3rd plural aflarından aflarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular affımın aflarımın
2nd singular affının aflarının
3rd singular affının aflarının
1st plural affımızın aflarımızın
2nd plural affınızın aflarınızın
3rd plural aflarının aflarının

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

WelshEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • a (colloquial)

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

af

  1. (literary) first-person singular present indicative/future of mynd

YolaEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English of, from Old English of (“of, from”), an unstressed form of af, æf (“from, off, away”), from Proto-West Germanic *ab.

PrepositionEdit

af

  1. of

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 22
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