reden

See also: Reden, ředěn, and -reden

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *rrėdɨn, diminutive of Proto-Celtic *ɸratis.

Noun

reden f (singulative redenen)

1. ferns

Danish

Noun

reden c

1. definite singular of rede

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -eːdən

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /ˈreːdə(n)/

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch reden, from the root of rede (“reason, discourse”).

Noun

reden f (plural redenen, diminutive redentje n)

1. reason, ground

   om een of andere reden ― for some reason

Derived terms

• redelijk

Descendants

• Negerhollands: reden, reeden

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

reden m (plural redens)

1. (mathematics) proportion

   Synonym: verhouding

Etymology 3

From Middle Dutch rêden (“to ready”).

Verb

reden

1. (nautical) to equip (a ship)
2. (by extension) to equip, fit, supply with (something with a supplemental tool)

   Synonym: uitrusten

Inflection

Conjugation of reden (weak)
infinitive	reden
past singular	reedde
past participle	gereed
infinitive	reden
gerund	reden n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	reed	reedde
2nd person sing. (jij)	reedt, reed2	reedde
2nd person sing. (u)	reedt	reedde
2nd person sing. (gij)	reedt	reedde
3rd person singular	reedt	reedde
plural	reden	reedden
subjunctive sing.1	rede	reedde
subjunctive plur.1	reden	reedden
imperative sing.	reed
imperative plur.1	reedt
participles	redend	gereed
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• reder

 

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

reden

1. plural of rede

Verb

reden

1. inflection of rijden:
   1. plural past indicative
   2. (dated or formal) plural past subjunctive

Anagrams

• erend, neder, rende

Galician

Verb

reden

1. inflection of redar:
   1. third-person plural present subjunctive
   2. third-person plural imperative

German

Etymology

From Middle High German reden, from Old High German redōn, rediōn (“to speak”), a derivative of reda, redia (“speech, word, opinion, view, mind”), from Proto-Germanic *raþjǭ, *raþjō (“accountability, speech”). See Rede.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʁeːdən/, [ˈʁeːdən], [ˈʁeːdn̩]

• Audio (Austria):

  (file)

• Homophones: Reden, Reeden

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

reden (weak, third-person singular present redet, past tense redete, past participle geredet, auxiliary haben)

1. (intransitive) to talk, to speak, to orate [with mit (+ dative) ‘with someone’ or (less common) zu (+ dative) ‘to someone’, along with über (+ accusative) ‘about something’]

   Der Präsident wird in seiner Ansprache über die Wirtschaft reden. ― The President will talk about the economy in his address.

2. (intransitive) to talk, to reveal (something secret)

   Trotz der Befragung durch die Polizei hat der Verdächtige nicht geredet. ― Despite questioning by the police, the suspect didn't talk.

3. (transitive) to say, to speak [with accusative ‘something, e.g. words, a language, etc.’, along with mit (+ dative) ‘to someone’, along with über (+ accusative) or von (+ dative) ‘about someone/something’]

   Seit ihrer Ankunft hat sie kein Wort geredet. ― She hasn't said a word since she arrived.

   Jetzt redest du Unsinn. ― Now you're talking nonsense.

   Ich redete Deutsch mit ihm, aber er verstand mich nicht. ― I spoke German to him but he didn't understand.

Usage notes

• In formal standard German, reden is used alongside the more common sprechen. In the vernacular, reden is generally preferred, particularly in the southern half of the language area, but also in the north.

Conjugation

Conjugation of reden (weak, auxiliary haben)

infinitive		reden
present participle		redend
past participle		geredet
auxiliary		haben
	indicative			subjunctive
	singular	plural		singular	plural
present	ich rede	wir reden	i	ich rede	wir reden
	du redest	ihr redet		du redest	ihr redet
	er redet	sie reden		er rede	sie reden
preterite	ich redete	wir redeten	ii	ich redete1	wir redeten1
	du redetest	ihr redetet		du redetest1	ihr redetet1
	er redete	sie redeten		er redete1	sie redeten1
imperative	red (du) rede (du)	redet (ihr)

¹Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

Composed forms of reden (weak, auxiliary haben)

perfect
	singular	plural		singular	plural
indicative	ich habe geredet	wir haben geredet	subjunctive	ich habe geredet	wir haben geredet
	du hast geredet	ihr habt geredet		du habest geredet	ihr habet geredet
	er hat geredet	sie haben geredet		er habe geredet	sie haben geredet
pluperfect
indicative	ich hatte geredet	wir hatten geredet	subjunctive	ich hätte geredet	wir hätten geredet
	du hattest geredet	ihr hattet geredet		du hättest geredet	ihr hättet geredet
	er hatte geredet	sie hatten geredet		er hätte geredet	sie hätten geredet
future i
infinitive	reden werden		subjunctive i	ich werde reden	wir werden reden
				du werdest reden	ihr werdet reden
				er werde reden	sie werden reden
indicative	ich werde reden	wir werden reden	subjunctive ii	ich würde reden	wir würden reden
	du wirst reden	ihr werdet reden		du würdest reden	ihr würdet reden
	er wird reden	sie werden reden		er würde reden	sie würden reden
future ii
infinitive	geredet haben werden		subjunctive i	ich werde geredet haben	wir werden geredet haben
				du werdest geredet haben	ihr werdet geredet haben
				er werde geredet haben	sie werden geredet haben
indicative	ich werde geredet haben	wir werden geredet haben	subjunctive ii	ich würde geredet haben	wir würden geredet haben
	du wirst geredet haben	ihr werdet geredet haben		du würdest geredet haben	ihr würdet geredet haben
	er wird geredet haben	sie werden geredet haben		er würde geredet haben	sie würden geredet haben

Synonyms

• sprechen

Antonyms

• schweigen

Derived terms

• aneinander vorbeireden (“to talk past each other”)
• anreden (“to begin a talk with someone”)
• ausreden (“to finish speaking; to talk out of”)
• bauchreden (“to ventriloquize”)
• bereden (“to discuss, talk over; to persuade”)
• daherreden (“to speak foolishly; to drivel”)
• dahinreden (“to talk casually”)
• dazwischenreden (“to interrupt; to butt in”)
• drauflosreden (“to start talking; to talk away; to spout off”)
• dreinreden (“to interfere in someone's business; to interrupt a speaker or conversation”)
• durcheinanderreden (“to talk across each other, to all talk at once”)
• einreden (“to talk into, convince, persuade”)
• Gerede (“gossip, gossiping; chatter, babble”)
• herausreden (“to talk oneself out of something; to make excuses”)
• herbeireden (“to make something happen or bring something on by talking about it”)
• herumreden (“to ramble”)
• hineinreden
• hinwegreden
• kaputtreden
• kleinreden
• losreden
• mitreden (“to join in a conversation; to contribute to a topic”)
• nachreden
• niederreden (“to outtalk someone; to talk someone into the ground”)
• rausreden (“to talk oneself out of something; to make excuses”)
• Rede (“speech”)
• Redensart (“expression”)
• Rederei (“chatter”)
• Redeweise (“manner of speaking”)
• redlich (“honest, upright”)
• Redner (“speaker”)
• redselig (“talkative”)
• reinreden (“to interfere in someone's business; to interrupt a speaker or conversation”)
• schlechtreden (“to badmouth”)
• schönreden (“to sugarcoat, to whitewash”)
• totreden (“to talk something to death”)
• überreden (“to persuade; to talk about”)
• unterreden (“to converse, to parley”)
• verabreden (“to appoint, to arrange”)
• vollreden (“to talk an ear off”)
• vorbeireden
• weiterreden (“to continue speaking”)
• widerreden (“to talk back”)
• zerreden (“to discuss a subject to death”)
• zureden (“to encourage; to cajole”)
• zurückreden (“to talk back”)
• zusammenreden (“to have a talk”)

 

Further reading

• “reden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “reden” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “reden” in Duden online
• “reden” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch *reden, from Proto-West Germanic *raidijan, from Proto-Germanic *raidijaną (“to arrange”).

Verb

rêden

1. to ready, to get ready

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

• reiden

Descendants

• Limburgish: reide

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *raþjǭ (“account, reasoning”).

Verb

rēden

1. (rare) to speak

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “reden (IV)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “reden (V)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “reden (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “reden (III)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page III

Middle English

Alternative forms

• readen, redden, riden, raden, ruden
• redan, readan, ræden, rædon (Early Middle English)

Etymology

From Old English rǣdan (“to advise, read”), from Proto-West Germanic *rādan, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaną (“to advise, counsel”).

Cognate with Danish råde, Dutch raden, German raten, Swedish råda. The development from ‘advise, interpret’ to ‘interpret letters, read’ is unique to English.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɛːdən/, /ˈreːdən/

Verb

reden (third-person singular simple present redeth, present participle redynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative redde, past participle red)

1. to counsel, advise
2. to study
3. to read

Conjugation

Conjugation of reden (weak in -de/irregular)

infinitive	(to) reden, rede
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	rede	redde, rede
2nd-person singular	redest	reddest, redest
3rd-person singular	redeth, ret	redde, rede
subjunctive singular	rede
imperative singular		—
plural1	reden, rede	redden, redde, reden, rede
imperative plural	redeth, rede	—
participles	redynge, redende	red, rad, yred, yrad

¹Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Related terms

• adreden, dreden
• redere

Descendants

• English: read, rede
• Scots: rede
• Yola: reade

References

• “rēden, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Swedish

Noun

reden

1. indefinite plural of rede

Anagrams

• neder, nedre

West Frisian

Noun

reden

1. plural of reed