Wiktionary

por

See also: Appendix:Variations of "por"
Languages (32)
Translingual
Abinomn • Albanian • Asturian • Atong (India) • Blagar • Catalan • Cornish • Dutch • Esperanto • Fala • Galician • Hungarian • Ido • Interlingua • Latin • Lolopo • Norman • Northern Kurdish • Old French • Old Occitan • Papiamentu • Polish • Portuguese • Romani • Romanian • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Tocharian A • Tok Pisin
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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por

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Portuguese.

See also

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Abinomn

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Pronoun

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por

  1. you (dual)

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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  • po [pɔː]

Etymology

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From po. Alternatively from Latin porrō (“then, moreover; but”), the loss of the final -r a result of the permanent unstressed position of the conjunction.[1]

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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por

  1. but; however
    Synonyms: megjithatë, mirëpo, ama

References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “por”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 336

Asturian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō.

Preposition

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por

  1. for, because of
  2. by (someone)

Derived terms

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Atong (India)

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Etymology

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From English four.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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por (Bengali script পোর)

  1. four

Synonyms

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References

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Blagar

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Noun

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por

  1. earth, world
  2. land
  3. island

References

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Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Catalan paor, from Latin pavōrem. First attested in the 12th century.[1] Compare Occitan paur, French peur.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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por f (plural pors)

  1. fear
    tenir por ― to be afraid
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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por m (plural pors)

  1. (archaic) Alternative form of porus (“pore”)

References

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  1. ^ “por”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Cornish

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Noun

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por f (singulative poren)

  1. leeks

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔr

Verb

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por

  1. inflection of porren:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Esperanto

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Etymology

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From Spanish por, from Late Latin pōr. Doublet of per and pro.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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por

  1. for, for the benefit of
    La edzo donis al sia edzino perlan kolĉenon por Kristnasko. ― The husband gave his wife a pearl necklace for Christmas.

See also

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Fala

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō (“for”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, form of *per-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpoɾ/
  • Rhymes: -oɾ
  • Syllabification: por

Preposition

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por

  1. by
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
      En esta época en que otras lenguas de España son recuñucias por tos cumu uficiais en sei territoriu […]
      In this time when other languages of Spain are recognised by everyone as official in their territory […]

Usage notes

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  • The usage of por in Lagarteiru is generally limited to some fixed expressions, the more common form is pur.

References

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  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō (“for”) (with metathetic shift due to per), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, form of *por-. See also porto.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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por

  1. indicates motion
    pola rúa
    down the street
    pola porta
    through the door
  2. for (over a period of time)
    por dez anos
    for ten years
  3. about, around (near, in the vicinity of)
    polas seis
    at about six
    por aquí
    over here
  4. for (to obtain)
    Fun á tenda por xabón.
    I went to the store for soap.
  5. for (in exchange for)
  6. for (on behalf of)
  7. (mathematics) times, by, multiplied by
    oito por sete
    eights times seven; eights by seven
  8. by (indicates the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice)
  9. by, by means of
  10. per
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Hungarian

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Perhaps from a Proto-Uralic *porɜ (“dust, sand”), but the absence of the expected sound change *p > *f is hard to explain.[1] Compare with Finnish poro (“burning ash, coarse dust, debris”) and Northern Mansi порс (pors, “garbage, waste, dust”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈpor]
  • Hyphenation: por
  • Rhymes: -or

Noun

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por (countable and uncountable, plural porok)

  1. dust
  2. powder
  3. (with a possessive suffix) ashes (human or animal remains after cremation)
    Synonym: hamvak

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative por porok
accusative port porokat
dative pornak poroknak
instrumental porral porokkal
causal-final porért porokért
translative porrá porokká
terminative porig porokig
essive-formal porként porokként
essive-modal — —
inessive porban porokban
superessive poron porokon
adessive pornál poroknál
illative porba porokba
sublative porra porokra
allative porhoz porokhoz
elative porból porokból
delative porról porokról
ablative portól poroktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		poré poroké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		poréi porokéi
Possessive forms of por
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. porom poraim
2nd person sing. porod poraid
3rd person sing. pora porai
1st person plural porunk poraink
2nd person plural porotok poraitok
3rd person plural poruk poraik

Derived terms

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Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions

References

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  1. ^ por in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • por in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Ido

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Etymology

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From Esperanto por.

Preposition

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por

  1. for

Interlingua

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Etymology

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From various Romance derivatives of Late Latin pōr from Latin prō.

Preposition

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por

  2. Alternative form of pro

Latin

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Etymology

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From Classical Latin prō, probably reshaped by analogy with the preposition per. Attested in an imperial inscription from what is now Budapest and another from Tunis.[1][2] Replaced in much of Romance with descendants of per.

Preposition

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pōr (+ ablative, accusative) (Late Latin)

  1. Alternative form of prō (“for”)

Descendants

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  • Gallo-Romance:
    • Franco-Provençal: por, pô
    • Old French: por, pur
  • Occitano-Romance:
    • Old Occitan: por ("beyond, more" in the context of price)
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: por
  • Esperanto: por

References

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  1. ^ Berger, Roger & Brasseur, Annette. 2004. Les Séquences de Sainte Eulalia: Buona pulcella fut eulalia: Edition, traduction, commentaire, étude linguisuque. Cantica virginis Eulaliae: Edition, traduction, et commentaire avec les autres poèmes du manuscrit 150 de Valenciennes, Rithmus Teutonicus, Dominus caeli rex, Uis fidei. →ISBN. Page 100.
  2. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “pro”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 9: Placabilis–Pyxis, page 401

Lolopo

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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por

  1. (Yao'an, of humans) male

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Norman

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Etymology

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From Old French porc, from Latin porcus, from Proto-Indo-European *porḱ- (“young swine, young pig”).

Noun

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por m (plural pors)

  1. (Jersey) pig
    Synonyms: bête à saie, couochon, gronneux, moussieu, quétot

Northern Kurdish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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por m or f

  1. hair
    pora dirêj û delal.
    long and lovely hair.

Declension

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Declension of por
Definite feminine and masculine gender
Case Feminine (sg) Masculine (sg) Plural
Nominative por por por
Construct pora porê porên
Oblique porê porî poran
Demonstrative oblique wê porê wî porî wan poran
Vocative porê poro porino
Indefinite feminine and masculine gender
Case Feminine (sg) Masculine (sg) Plural
Nominative porek porek porin
Construct poreke porekî porine
Oblique porekê porekî porinan

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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por

  1. for (in order to)
  2. for (belonging to)

Descendants

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Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin porrō.

Adverb

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por

  1. forwards
    • 12th century, anonymous, Girart de Rossilhó 2631:
      On sab son enamic, sobre lhui cor / e si le vat ferit de tau vigor / que del caval lo porta a terra por.
      At the place where he recognizes his enemy, he runs to him, / and goes to strike him with such vigour / that he makes him fall forward from his horse onto the ground.

Papiamentu

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Etymology

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From Portuguese poder and Spanish poder.

Verb

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por

  1. can, to be able to
  2. may

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
 
por sense 1
 
por sense 2
 
por sense 2

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Italian porro.

Noun

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por m inan or m animal

  2. leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum)
  4. leek (edible part of the vegetable)
Declension
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Declension of por
singular plural
nominative por pory
genitive pora porów
dative porowi porom
accusative por/pora pory
instrumental porem porami
locative porze porach
vocative porze pory

Etymology 2

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Learned borrowing from Latin porus.

Noun

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por m inan

  1. (dermatology) pore, sweat hole (tiny opening in the skin)
  3. (mycology) hymenophore outlet
  4. pore (microscopic hole found in some solids)
Declension
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Declension of por
singular plural
nominative por pory
genitive pora/poru porów
dative porowi porom
accusative por pory
instrumental porem porami
locative porze porach
vocative porze pory

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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por f

  1. genitive plural of pora

Further reading

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  • por in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • por in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • por in PWN's encyclopedia

Portuguese

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Etymology 1

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From Old Galician-Portuguese por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō (“for”) (with metathetic shift under the influence of per). Usurped the roles of Latin per.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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por

  2. for (on behalf of)
    Faça isso por mim.
    Do that for me.
  4. for (in order to obtain)
    Espero por uma resposta.
    I wait for an answer.
    Eu farei de tudo por uma cópia deste livro.
    I will do anything for a copy of this book.
  6. for (over a period of time)
    Esperei por uma semana.
    I waited for one week.
  8. for (indicates something given in an exchange)
    Ela deu sua bicicleta pela minha.
    She gave her bicycle for mine.
  10. by (through the action or presence of)
    A manutenção é feita por engenheiros.
    The maintenance is carried out by engineers.
  12. by (indicates the creator of a work)
    Os livros por Tolkien são ótimos.
    Books by Tolkien are great.
  14. by (using the rules or logic of)
    Pela lei, deveríamos estar presos.
    By law, we should be in jail.
  15. (mathematics) times, by, multiplied by
    oito por sete ― eights times seven; eights by seven
  17. by; in the name of (indicates an oath)
    Venceremos essa batalha, pelo rei!
    We shall win this battle, by the king!
  19. per; a; each (expresses the ratio of units)
    Tome uma pílula por dia.
    Take one pill per day.
  21. (arithmetic) by (indicates a mathematical division)
    Vinte por quatro é cinco.
    Twenty by four is five.
  23. through (entering and then leaving; being the medium of)
    Ainda passaríamos por muitos túneis antes de chegarmos.
    We would still pass through many tunnels before we arrived.
    Passar por uma situação difícil.
    Go through a difficult situation.
  25. around; about; near (in the vicinity of)
    O tesouro foi encontrado por Dudinka.
    The treasure was found around Dudinka.
    Gostamos de passear por aí.
    We like to stroll around.
  27. around; about; approximately (close in quantity, amount or value to)
    O preço de um prato nos mercados daqui é por vinte euros.
    The price of a plate in the local markets is around twenty euros.
    Partiremos pelas dez.
    We will leave around ten.
  29. throughout (in various parts of)
    Esse tipo de ruína é encontrado pela Escócia.
    This type of ruin is found throughout Scotland.
  31. for; in favour of (supporting)
    Somos pela melhora da educação.
    We are for the improvement of education.
  33. (in the formula “X por Y”, where X is a clause and Y the infinitive of the verb in the clause, or of a synonym) for its own sake; without a motive
    Eu falei aquilo só por falar.
    I said that just to say something.
  35. (with an infinitive) about to
    A chuva está por parar.
    The rain is about to stop.
Usage notes
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Por mandatorily contracts with definite articles in almost all circumstances:

Contractions with indefinite articles and personal pronouns are uncommon and very colloquial:

Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:por.

Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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por

  1. Obsolete spelling of pôr., now a common misspelling

Romani

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Noun

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por m (plural por{{{4}}})

  1. feather

Romanian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from French pore, Latin porus, from Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”).

Noun

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por m (plural pori)

  1. pore
Declension
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Declension of por
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) por porul (niște) pori porii
genitive/dative (unui) por porului (unor) pori porilor
vocative porule porilor
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Latin porrus or porrum.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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por m (plural pori)

  1. (popular) leek (Allium ampeloprasum, syn. Allium porrum)
  2. (popular) sand leek (Allium scorodoprasum)
  3. (popular) shallot (Allium ascalonicum)
Declension
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Declension of por
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) por porul (niște) pori porii
genitive/dative (unui) por porului (unor) pori porilor
vocative porule porilor
Synonyms
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Slovene

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin porrum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pọ̑r or pȍr m inan

  1. leek

Inflection

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 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. pór
gen. sing. póra
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		pór póra póri
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		póra pórov pórov
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		póru póroma pórom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		pór póra póre
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		póru pórih pórih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		pórom póroma póri
 
 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. pòr
gen. sing. pôra
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		pòr pôra pôri
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		pôra pôrov pôrov
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		pôru pôroma pôrom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		pòr pôra pôre
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		pôru pôrih pôrih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		pôrom pôroma pôri

Further reading

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  • “por”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Spanish por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō. Doublet of pro, which was borrowed.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /poɾ/ [poɾ]
  • Rhymes: -oɾ
  • Syllabification: por

Preposition

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por

  2. by (indicates the creator of a work)
    La novela Cien años de soledad fue escrita por Gabriel García Márquez.
    The novel One Hundred Years of Solitude was written by Gabriel García Márquez.
  4. for (indicates something given in an exchange)
    Lo compré por cincuenta euros.
    I bought this for fifty euros.
  5. through, out, via (indicating movement)
    La mujer ve la puesta de sol por la ventana.
    The woman watches the sunset through the window.
    Supongo que nuestra huésped se fue por la puerta trasera porque no la he visto.
    I guess our guest went out the back door because I haven't seen her.
  6. across (indicating movement)
    El hombre camina por la calle.
    The man walks across the street.
  7. about
  8. due to, because of, for, for the sake of, out of (to express cause or motive)
    Él no pudo venir por eso.
    He couldn't come due to that.
    Por amor a su esposo, ella aguanta a sus suegros.
    Out of love for her husband, she puts up with his in-laws.
  9. (used with directions) over
    por allí ― over there
  10. (mathematics) times, by, multiplied by
    ocho por siete ― eights times seven; eights by seven
  11. according to, for, regarding (to express opinion or something concerning someone)
    Por mí, está bien. ― For all I care, it's fine.
    ¡Bien por ti! ― Good for you!
  12. via, through, by (indicating the means of something)
    Por favor, devuelva este documento completado por correo electrónico.
    Please, return this document completed via email.
  13. for (indicating duration)
    Mi profesor se salió por la tangente por una hora entera.
    My professor went off on a tangent for a whole hour.
  14. for, for the sake of, on behalf of (indicating doing something for someone's benefit)
    No lo hago por ti. ― I'm not doing it for your sake.
    Ella irá a trabajar por mí mañana.
    She will be filling in for me at work tomorrow.
  15. per, for each
    Cuesta diez dólares por artículo. ― It costs ten dollars per item.
  16. to (indicating something that has not yet passed)
    Eso está por ver.
    That remains to be seen.
    La hora aún está por confirmar.
    The time is yet to be confirmed.
  17. about to (indicating something that will soon happen)
    Su hermana está por llegar del aeropuerto en cualquier momento.
    Her sister is about to arrive from the airport any minute now.
  18. compared to; against; versus (indicating a comparison)
    • 2020 October 11, Alejandro Ciriza, El País‎[2]:
      seis errores en los dos primeros parciales. Seis. 14 al final, por los 52 del rival.
      six errors in the first two sets. Six. 14 at the end, compared to his rival's 52.

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Swedish

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Noun

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por c

  1. pore

Declension

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Declension of por
nominative genitive
singular indefinite por pors
definite poren porens
plural indefinite porer porers
definite porerna porernas

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Tagalog

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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por (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇ᜔)

  1. per; each
    Synonyms: bawat, kada
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Further reading

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Tocharian A

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Etymology

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From Proto-Tocharian, from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥, also the origin of English fire, Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr), and Hittite 𒉺𒀪𒄯 (paḫḫur). Compare Tocharian B puwar.

Noun

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por

  1. fire

Tok Pisin

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Noun

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por

  1. monohull dugout canoe
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