此

See also: 比

此	U+6B64, 此 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B64

← 正
[U+6B63]

CJK Unified Ideographs

步 →
[U+6B65]

Translingual edit

Stroke order

Han character edit

此 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜一心 (YMP), four-corner 2111₀, composition ⿰止匕)

Shuowen Jiezi radical №30

Derived characters edit

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 574, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16259
Dae Jaweon: page 964, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1438, character 3
Unihan data for U+6B64

Chinese edit

trad.		此
simp. ^#		此
alternative forms		𬼘

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 此
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (此) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
些	saːls, sjaːl, *seːs
跐	ʔsreːʔ, ʔseʔ, sʰeʔ, ʔsreʔ
柴	*zreː
祡	*zreː
茈	zreː, ʔseʔ, *ze
眦	*zreːs
砦	*zraːds
寨	zraːds, slɯːɡ
啙	ʔseː, zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ
泚	sʰeːʔ, sʰeʔ
玼	sʰeːʔ, sʰeʔ, *ze
皉	*sʰeːʔ
鮆	zeːʔ, ʔse
眥	zeːs, zes
貲	*ʔse
髭	*ʔse
頾	*ʔse
訾	ʔse, ʔseʔ
鴜	ʔse, ze
鈭	ʔse, sʰe
姕	ʔse, sʰe, *ze
觜	ʔse, ʔse, *ʔseʔ
紫	*ʔseʔ
訿	*ʔseʔ
呰	*ʔseʔ
嘴	*ʔseʔ
雌	*sʰe
此	*sʰeʔ
佌	sʰeʔ, seʔ
庛	*sʰes
疵	*ze
骴	ze, zes
胔	ze, zes
飺	*ze
齜	*ʔsre

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 止 (“feet”) + 人 (“person”) – where a person stops; here.

Alternatively, this may be the original form of 跐 (OC *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ, “to stamp, to stop, to stand”).

Etymology edit

Cognate with 斯 (OC *se, “this”).

STEDT compares 此 (OC *sʰeʔ) and 斯 (OC *se) to Proto-Tani *si (“this”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): cǐ (ci³)

(Zhuyin): ㄘˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ci³
Cantonese (Jyutping): ci²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhṳ́

(Meixian, Guangdong): ci³
Northern Min (KCR): chǔ
Eastern Min (BUC): chṳ̄
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhú / chhír

(Teochew, Peng'im): ce²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵tshy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄘˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǐh
  - Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ³
  - Yale: tsž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyy
  - Palladius: цы (cy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ci³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ci²
  - Yale: chí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: qi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ci³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ci³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chǔ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰy³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhú
  - Tâi-lô: tshú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhuo
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰu⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰu⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhír
  - Tâi-lô: tshír
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ce²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳ́
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɯ⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵tshy
  - MiniDict: tshy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰz̩³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tshjeX

Rime
Character	此
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	雌氏切
Baxter	tshjeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰiə̆^X/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰie^X/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰǐe^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]e(j)ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰeʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	此
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tshje^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]e(j)ʔ/
English	this
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	此
Reading #	1/1
No.	1724
Phonetic component	此
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	此
Old Chinese	/*sʰeʔ/
Notes	甲文象足踏人背，爲跐初文

Definitions edit

此

(literary) this
Antonym: 彼 (bǐ)

此號碼無法接通。 [MSC, trad.]
此号码无法接通。 [MSC, simp.]
Cǐ hàomǎ wúfǎ jiētōng. [Pinyin]
This number cannot be reached.
(literary) here
請按此。／请按此。 ― Qǐng àn cǐ. ― Please press here.
- 齊天大聖到此一遊。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  齐天大圣到此一游。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE
  Qítiāndàshèng dàocǐyīyóu. [Pinyin]
  The Great Sage Equal to Heaven came here on a trip.

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 這 (“this”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		此, 斯, 是, 之, 茲 anteclassical, 夫, 爾
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		這
Mandarin	Beijing	這
	Taiwan	這
	Tianjin	這
	Chengde	這
	Tangshan	這
	Cangzhou	這
	Baoding	這
	Shijiazhuang	這
	Chifeng	這
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	這
	Heihe	這
	Qiqihar	這
	Jiamusi	這
	Baicheng	這
	Changchun	這
	Tonghua	這
	Shenyang	這
	Dandong	這
	Jinzhou	這
	Dalian	這
	Yantai	這
	Qingdao	這
	Lijin	這
	Zhucheng	這
	Jinan	這
	Jining	這
	Shangqiu	這
	Yuanyang	這
	Zhengzhou	這
	Lingbao	這
	Xinyang	這
	Baihe	這
	Hanzhong	這
	Xi'an	這
	Baoji	這
	Yinchuan	這
	Tianshui	這
	Lanzhou	這
	Dunhuang	這
	Xining	這
	Hami	這
	Ürümqi	這
	Wuhan	這
	Yichang	這
	Tianmen	這
	Hong'an	這
	Chengdu	這
	Nanchong	這
	Dazhou	這
	Hanyuan	這
	Xichang	這
	Zigong	這
	Chongqing	這
	Guiyang	這
	Zunyi	這
	Bijie	這
	Liping	這
	Zhaotong	這
	Dali	這
	Kunming	這
	Mengzi	這
	Guilin	這
	Liuzhou	這
	Jishou	這
Changde	這
Xuzhou	這
Pizhou	這
Ganyu	這
Fuyang	這
Wuhu	這
Yangzhou	這
Baoying	這
Lianyungang	這
Donghai	這
Huai'an (Huaiyin)	這
Lianshui	這
Xuyi	這
Nanjing	這
Hefei	這
Nantong	這
Rugao	這
Yancheng	這
Funing	這
Sihong	這
Taizhou	這
Zhenjiang	這
Malaysia	這
Singapore	這
Cantonese	Guangzhou	呢, 依
	Hong Kong	呢, 依
	Macau	呢
	Taishan	該
	Dongguan	呢
	Yangjiang	果
	Nanning	阿
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	呢
	Singapore (Guangfu)	呢, 依
Gan	Nanchang	箇
	Nanchang (Wangcheng)	箇
	Anyi	箇
	Lushan	箇
	Duchang	箇
	Wuning (Quankou)	該
	Poyang	箇
	Yugan	該
	Wannian	該
	Yanshan	這
	Yichun	箇
	Yifeng	箇
	Gao'an	箇
	Fengxin	箇
	Shanggao	里
	Wanzai	箇
	Fengcheng	該
	Xinyu	該
	Fuzhou (Shangdundu)	該
	Fuzhou (Dongxiang)	箇
	Nancheng	箇
	Nanfeng	箇
	Yihuang	箇
	Lichuan	該
	Chongren	該
	Pingxiang	該
	Ji'an	蓋
	Taihe	箇
	Xiajiang	該
	Yingtan (Yujiang)	箇
	Guixi	箇
	Jianning	個
	Jinxian	箇
	Jinxi	箇
	Le'an	該
	Guangchang	改
	Suichuan	底
	Wan'an	介
	Jing'an	箇
	Zhangshu	該
	Xingan	個
	Fenyi	改
Hakka	Changting	爾
	Ninghua	只
	Qingliu	這
	Yudu	底
	Ningdu	底
	Ruijin	底
	Shicheng	底
	Xunwu	底
	Huichang	底
	Xingguo	界
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	這
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	這
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	這
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	這
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	這
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	這
	Hong Kong	這
Huizhou	Jixi	爾
	Shexian	這
	Wuyuan	伊
Jin	Taiyuan	這
	Yangyuan	這
	Datong	這
	Xinzhou	這
	Lishi	這
	Linfen	這
	Changzhi	這
	Linhe	這
	Jining	這
	Hohhot	這
	Erenhot	這
	Pingshan	這
	Zhangjiakou	這
	Handan	這
	Suide	這
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𱕇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	只, 者, 嚽
	Changle	這
	Lianjiang	這
	Fuqing	者
	Pingtan	這
	Yongtai	這
	Minqing	這
	Gutian	這
	Pingnan	這
	Luoyuan	這
	Fu'an	這
	Ningde	這
	Xiapu	這
	Zherong	這
	Shouning	這
	Zhouning	這
	Fuding	這
	Singapore (Fuqing)	這
Southern Min	Xiamen	這
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	這
	Quanzhou	只, 這
	Jinjiang	這
	Nan'an	這
	Shishi	這
	Hui'an	這
	Anxi	這
	Yongchun	這
	Dehua	這
	Zhangzhou	這
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	這
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	這
	Hua'an	這
	Nanjing	這
	Pinghe	這
	Zhangpu	這
	Yunxiao	這
	Zhao'an	只
	Dongshan	這
	Taipei	這
	Kinmen	這
	Penang (Hokkien)	這
	Singapore (Hokkien)	這
	Manila (Hokkien)	這
	Longyan	迄好
	Zhangping	這
	Chaozhou	只
	Shantou	只
	Jieyang	只
	Haifeng	只
	Singapore (Teochew)	只
	Batam (Teochew)	只
	Wenchang	這
	Haikou	這
	Singapore (Hainanese)	這
Puxian Min	Putian	只蜀
Puxian Min	Xianyou	只蜀
Central Min	Yong'an	這
Central Min	Shaxian	這
Shaojiang Min	Guangze	當
	Jiangle	者
	Mingxi	只
	Shunchang	這
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	亞
Shehua	Cangnan	這
Shehua	Jingning	個
Wu	Shanghai	搿, 迭 dated, 第 obsolete
	Shanghai (Chongming)	吉, 講, 葛 also that
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	搿
	Suzhou	該, 搿
	Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)	個
	Wuxi	意
	Changshu	俚
	Jiaxing	葛
	Jiashan	葛
	Pinghu	葛
	Haining (Yanguan)	葛
	Tongxiang	葛
	Haiyan	葛
	Changzhou	資
	Danyang	格
	Gaochun	格
	Huzhou	格
	Changxing	格
	Anji (Ancheng)	格
	Deqing	葛
	Hangzhou	葛
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	葛
	Hangzhou (Lin'an)	葛
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	葛
	Tonglu	葛
	Tonglu (Wusheng)	個個
	Shaoxing	咸
	Zhuji	咸
	Shengzhou	咸
	Xinchang	咸
	Ningbo	葛
	Zhenhai	葛
	Yuyao	耶
	Cixi	葛
	Huangyan	葛
	Tiantai	葛
	Sanmen	葛
	Wenling	葛, 格
	Wenzhou	個
	Yueqing	個
	Yongjia (Fenglin)	個
	Rui'an	個
	Pingyang	個
	Taishun	這
	Wencheng	個
	Lishui	已
	Qingtian	已
	Jinyun	已
	Songyang (Xiping)	益
	Yunhe	益
	Qingyuan	這
	Longquan	搭
	Suichang	益
	Jiangshan	益
	Changshan	益
	Kaihua	益
	Longyou	個
	Jinhua	等, 待
	Yiwu	吾
	Yongkang	個
	Pujiang	這, 吉
	Dongyang	個
	Wuyi	愛個
	Lanxi	個
Shangrao	這
Shangrao (Guangfeng)	伊
Yushan	伊
Xiang	Changsha	咯
Xiang	Shuangfeng	咯

Dialectal synonyms of 這裡 (“here”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		斯, 此
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		這裡, 此處 formal, 此 formal
Mandarin	Beijing	這兒, 這兒合兒 colloquial, 這合兒 colloquial
	Taiwan	這, 這裡
	Tianjin	這兒, 這兒合兒
	Jinan	這裡
	Xi'an	這搭兒
	Wuhan	這裡, 這塊, 這塊歇
	Chengdu	這兒
	Guilin	這塏
	Liuzhou	這塏
	Yangzhou	這塊
	Hefei	這塊, 這蒿子
	Malaysia	這裡
	Singapore	這裡
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	這點, 這古
Cantonese	Guangzhou	呢度, 呢處, 依度
	Hong Kong	呢度, 呢處, 依度, 依處
	Macau	呢度
	Taishan	該, 該處, 該埞
	Yangjiang	該, 該處, 該處塗
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	呢度
	Singapore (Guangfu)	呢度, 依度
Gan	Nanchang	箇𥚃
Hakka	Meixian	這仔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	這位
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	這位, 這息
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	這位
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	這位, 這位項
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	這位
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	這位, 這
	Hong Kong	這裡, 這埞
	Kuching (Hepo)	這邊
Jin	Taiyuan	這裡, 這兒家
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𱕇裡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	只所, 只塊, 只裡, 租塊
Southern Min	Xiamen	遮, 這帶, 這跡, 這位, 這搭
	Quanzhou	遮, 這帶, 這跡, 這位, 這搭
	Jinjiang	這跡, 這位
	Hui'an	這搭
	Zhangzhou	遮, 這帶, 這位, 這位仔
	Taipei	遮
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	遮
	Kaohsiung	遮
	Yilan	遮
	Changhua (Lukang)	遮
	Taichung	遮
	Tainan	遮
	Hsinchu	遮
	Kinmen	遮
	Penghu (Magong)	遮
	Penang (Hokkien)	這落, 這爿
	Singapore (Hokkien)	這兜, 這爿
	Manila (Hokkien)	遮, 這搭, 這位, 這路, 這爿
	Chaozhou	只塊
	Shantou	只塊
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	這爿
	Singapore (Teochew)	只塊
	Wenchang	這裡
	Haikou	這帶
	Qionghai	這裡, 這路
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	亞啲
Wu	Shanghai	搿搭, 搿搭塊, 搿搭裡, 迭搭 old-style, 迭搭塊 old-style, 迭搭裡 old-style, 此地, 此地塊, 此地塊搭
	Suzhou	該搭, 搿搭
	Wenzhou	該頭, 該柢, 柢, 彀, 彀宕
Xiang	Changsha	箇裡, 箇當, 箇塊子, 該裡, 該當, 該塊子
	Xiangtan	箇當
	Shuangfeng	箇裡, 箇當數

Compounds edit

References edit

“此”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

此

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Proximal demonstrative prefix, this (near speaker)

Readings edit

Go-on: し (shi)
Kan-on: し (shi)
Kun: これ (kore, 此); この (kono, 此の); ここ (koko, 此)

Compounds edit

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 此 (MC tshjeX). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄎᆞ (cho) (Yale: cho) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation edit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠]
Phonetic hangul: [차]

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

此

Wikisource

此 (eumhun 이 차 (i cha))

(literary) Hanja form^? of 차 (“here”).
(literary) Hanja form^? of 차 (“this”).
- 1919, 기미 독립 선언서(己未獨立宣言書) (gimi dongnip seoneonseo):
  此(차)로 써 子孫萬代(자손만대)에 誥(고)하야 民族自存(민족자존)의 正權(정권)을 永有(영유)케 하노라.
  charosseo jasonmandaee gohaya minjokjajonui jeonggwoneul yeong-yuke hanora.
  This we proclaim to our descendants so that they may enjoy in perpetuity their inherent right to nationhood.