like; same; similar like; same; similar; together; alike; with |
guilt; crime; fault guilt; crime; fault; blame; sin | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (同罪) | 同 | 罪 | |
simp. #(同罪) | 同 | 罪 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 同 | 罪 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 從 (15) |
Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 灰 (42) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
Division (等) | I | I |
Fanqie | 徒紅切 | 徂賄切 |
Baxter | duwng | dzwojX |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/duŋ/ | /d͡zuʌiX/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/duŋ/ | /d͡zuoiX/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/duŋ/ | /d͡zuɒiX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/dəwŋ/ | /d͡zwəjX/ |
Li Rong |
/duŋ/ | /d͡zuᴀiX/ |
Wang Li |
/duŋ/ | /d͡zuɒiX/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/dʱuŋ/ | /d͡zʱuɑ̆iX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
tóng | zuì |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
tung4 | zeoi6 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 同 | 罪 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
tóng | zuì |
Middle Chinese |
‹ duwng › | ‹ dzwojX › |
Old Chinese |
/*lˁoŋ/ | /*[dz]ˁujʔ/ |
English | together, join | crime, offense |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 同 | 罪 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 12446 | 17981 |
Phonetic component |
同 | 罪 |
Rime group |
東 | 微 |
Rime subdivision |
0 | 2 |
Corresponding MC rime |
同 | 辠 |
Old Chinese |
/*doːŋ/ | /*zuːlʔ/ |
Notes | 甲金文象有節筒管與口協合, 如此方能音律諧和, 爲筒(簫)初文 |
同辠 |
同罪