徂

徂 U+5F82, 徂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F82 ← 征 [U+5F81] CJK Unified Ideographs 徃 → [U+5F83]

Translingual

Han character

徂 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹人月一 (HOBM), four-corner 2721₀, composition ⿰彳且)

References

• KangXi: page 365, character 39
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10078
• Dae Jaweon: page 686, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 816, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5F82

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 徂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
虘	*zaːl, *zaː
蔖	*zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣	*rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓	*ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚	*ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝	*ʔsjaː
謯	*ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐	*ʔsjaːʔ
抯	*ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷	*ʔsjaːʔ
且	*sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄	*sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡	*sʰjaːs
查	*ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤	*ʔsraː
樝	*ʔsraː
皻	*ʔsraː
渣	*ʔsraː
楂	*zraː
苴	*zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔	*ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租	*ʔsaː
蒩	*ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖	*ʔsaːʔ
組	*ʔsaːʔ
珇	*ʔsaːʔ
靻	*ʔsaːʔ
粗	*sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂	*zaː
殂	*zaː
麆	*zaːʔ, *zras
伹	*zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆	*ʔsa, *sʰa
沮	*ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀	*ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽	*sʰa
雎	*sʰa
狙	*sʰa, *sʰas
岨	*sʰa
砠	*sʰa
坥	*sʰa, *sʰas
刞	*sʰas
覰	*sʰas
覷	*sʰas
跙	*zaʔ
筯	*das
菹	*ʔsra
葅	*ʔsra
阻	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎	*ʔsraʔ
詛	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏	*zra, *zraʔ
豠	*zra
鋤	*zra
耡	*zra, *zras
齟	*zraʔ
助	*zras

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		徂

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cú (cu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cou⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cú
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cú
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻu²
    • Yale: tsú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tswu
    • Palladius: цу (cu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cou⁴
    • Yale: chòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou̯²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /d͡zuo/

Rime
Character	徂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	昨胡切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zuo/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zuo/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɔ/
Li Rong	/d͡zo/
Wang Li	/d͡zu/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cou4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤa/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	徂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cú
Middle Chinese	‹ dzu ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]ˁa/
English	advance, go to
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	徂
Reading #	1/1
No.	10405
Phonetic component	且
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	徂
Old Chinese	/*zaː/

Definitions

徂

1. (literary) to go; to reach

   自西徂東／自西徂东  ―  zì xī cú dōng  ―  to go from west to east

   • 我徂東山、慆慆不歸。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     我徂东山、慆慆不归。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wǒ cú dōngshān, tāotāo bù guī. [Pinyin]

     We went to the hills of the east,
     And long were we there without returning.

2. (literary) past
3. (literary) Alternative form of 殂 (cú, “to die”).

Compounds

• 徂川
• 徂暑
• 徂落 (cúluò)

• 汩徂
• 溯流徂源
• 徂徠山／徂徕山

• 徂歲／徂岁
• 徂謝／徂谢 (cúxiè)
• 徂遷／徂迁 (cúqiān)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 徂 – see 咗. (This character, 徂, is a variant form of 咗.)

References

• “徂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

徂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: ぞ (zo)
• Kan-on: そ (so)
• Kun: ゆく (yuku, 徂く)

Korean

Hanja

徂 (eum 조 (jo))

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Vietnamese

Han character

徂: Hán Nôm readings: tồ

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