櫂

See also: 棹

櫂 U+6AC2, 櫂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6AC2 ← 櫁 [U+6AC1] CJK Unified Ideographs 櫃 → [U+6AC3]

Translingual

Han character

櫂 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木尸一土 (DSMG), four-corner 4791₄, composition ⿰木翟)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 559, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15756
• Dae Jaweon: page 948, character 26
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1311, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6AC2

Chinese

trad.		櫂/棹*
simp.		棹*
alternative forms		䑲 濯

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 櫂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (翟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
櫂	*r'eːwɢs
濯	*r'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ
耀	*lewɢs
曜	*lewɢs
燿	*lewɢs
糶	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
粜	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
嬥	*l'eːw, *l'eːwʔ, *l'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ
藋	*l'eːwɢs
躍	*lewɢ
戳	*r'eːwɢ
擢	*r'eːwɢ
蠗	*r'eːwɢ
鸐	*r'eːwɢ
翟	*r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ
趯	*l̥ʰeːwɢ
籊	*l̥ʰeːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ
糴	*l'eːwɢ
䊮	*l'eːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'eːwɢs): semantic 木 + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ).

Etymology

Earliest extant attestations are in Chu Ci.

Possibly from Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Vietic *tʃ-r-ɛːw (whence Vietnamese chèo), an *-r- (instrumental derivative) infixed form of Vietnamese *tʃɛːw, whence Modern Vietnamese xeo (“to lift up with a crowbar; to propel (a boat) with a long pole”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhào (zhao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaau⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhào
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhào
    • Wade–Giles: chao⁴
    • Yale: jàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaw
    • Palladius: чжао (čžao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zaau⁶
    • Yale: jaauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zao⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːu̯²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: draewH

Rime
Character	櫂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	直敎切
Baxter	draewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖaɨwH/
Li Rong	/ȡauH/
Wang Li	/ȡauH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤrewk-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*r'eːwɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	櫂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhào
Middle Chinese	‹ dræwH ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁrewk-s/
English	oar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	櫂
Reading #	1/1
No.	2209
Phonetic component	翟
Rime group	豹
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	棹
Old Chinese	/*r'eːwɢs/
Notes	同棹

Definitions

櫂

1. (literary) oar

   • 桂櫂兮蘭枻，斲冰兮積雪。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     桂棹兮兰枻，斲冰兮积雪。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE, translated based on David Hawkes' version

     Guìzhào xī lányì, zhuó bīng xī jī xuě. [Pinyin]

     My cassia oar and orchid sweep chip all in vain at ice and snow.

2. (literary) to row

   • 櫂舟杭以橫濿兮，濟湘流而南極。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     棹舟杭以横𪵱兮，济湘流而南极。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE, translated based on David Hawkes' version

     Zhào zhōuháng yǐ hénglì xī, jì Xiāng liú ér nán jí. [Pinyin]

     I rowed my boat across the river; crossed the Xiang and journeyed to the south.

3. (literary) boat

   • 發戰櫂東下。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     发战棹东下。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1345 CE, Toqto'a (lead editor), History of Song

     Fā zhànzhào dōngxià. [Pinyin]

     The fighting vessels were dispatched eastwards.

Compounds

• 弭櫂／弭棹
• 桂櫂／桂棹
• 櫂歌／棹歌
• 櫂郎／棹郎
• 歸櫂／归棹
• 返櫂／返棹

 

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	Shinjitai (extended)	櫂󠄂 櫂+󠄂? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Kyūjitai	櫂
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Kanji

櫂

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←でう (deu, historical)}; だく (daku)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}; たく (taku)
• Kun: かい (kai, 櫂)^{←かひ (kafi, 櫂, historical)}; かじ (kaji, 櫂)^{←かぢ (kadi, 櫂, historical)}

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

櫂(かい) • (kai) ^{←かひ (kafi)?}

1. oar, paddle

Compounds

• 櫓(ろ)櫂(かい) (rokai, “sculls and paddles”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

櫂(かじ) • (kaji) ^{←かぢ (kadi)?}

1. Alternative form of 舵 (“rudder”)

Korean

Hanja

櫂 (eum 도 (do))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

櫂: Hán Nôm readings: trạc, trạo

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.