痕

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

痕 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 大日女 (KAV), four-corner 0013₂, composition ⿸疒艮)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 773, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22171
Dae Jaweon: page 1183, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2673, character 5
Unihan data for U+75D5

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
艱	*krɯːn
齦	kʰrɯːnʔ, kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼	*ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝	*ɡrɯːn
限	*ɡrɯːnʔ
硍	*ɡrɯːnʔ
豤	kʰɯːnʔ, kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪	ɡlɯːnʔ, kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根	*kɯːn
跟	*kɯːn
珢	kɯːn, kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮	*kɯːns
茛	*kɯːns
墾	*kʰɯːnʔ
懇	*kʰɯːnʔ
垠	ŋɯːn, ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿	ŋɯːn, ŋrɯn
痕	*ɡɯːn
拫	*ɡɯːn
鞎	*ɡɯːn
很	*ɡɯːnʔ
恨	*ɡɯːns
銀	*ŋrɯn
檭	*ŋrɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡɯːn): semantic 疒 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.		痕

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): hén (hen²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄣˊ

(Chengdu, SP): hen²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): han⁴, han^4-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): han³
Gan (Wiktionary): hen²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fìn

(Meixian, Guangdong): hên¹
Jin (Wiktionary): heng¹
Min Bei (KCR): hô̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): hòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hung⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): ³hhen
Xiang (Wiktionary): hen²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hén
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hén
  - Wade–Giles: hên²
  - Yale: hén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hern
  - Palladius: хэнь (xɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xən³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: hen²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xən²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: han⁴, han^4-2
  - Yale: hàhn, hán
  - Cantonese Pinyin: han⁴, han^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: hen⁴, hen^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐn²¹/, /hɐn²¹⁻³⁵/

Note:

han4-2 - “mark; trace”.

(Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: han³
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /han²²/

Gan

(Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: hen²
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɛn²⁴/

Hakka

(Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fìn
- Hakka Romanization System: finˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fin²
- Sinological IPA: /fin¹¹/
(Meixian)
- Guangdong: hên¹
- Sinological IPA: /hɛn⁴⁴/

Jin

(Taiyuan)⁺
- Wiktionary: heng¹
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xə̃ŋ¹¹/

Min Bei

(Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hô̤ng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɔŋ³³/

Min Dong

(Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hòng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /houŋ⁵³/

Min Nan

(Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûn
- Tâi-lô: hûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: huun
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /hun²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²³/
(Teochew)
- Peng'im: hung⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hûng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ⁵⁵/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ³hhen
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦəɲ²³/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: hen²
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /xən¹³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦən/

Rime
Character	痕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	痕 (53)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	戸恩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦən/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦən/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦən/
Li Rong	/ɣən/
Wang Li	/ɣən/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	han⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	痕
Reading #	1/1
No.	3934
Phonetic component	艮
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	痕
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯːn/

DefinitionsEdit

痕

scar; cicatrix (Classifier: 條／条)
trace; mark; evidence; vestige; trail (Classifier: 條／条)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 痕

痕影
痕沫
痕瑕
痕璺
痕痕
痕瘕
痕累
痕翳
痕路
痕都斯坦
痕量 (hénliàng)
瘢痕 (bānhén)
眉痕
笑痕
篙痕
花月痕
苔痕
血痕 (xuèhén)
裂痕 (lièhén)
褶痕
蹙痕
酒痕
霜痕
鞭痕
魂痕
黛痕
殷痕
不著痕跡／不着痕迹 (bùzhuóhénjì)
傷痕／伤痕 (shānghén)
傷痕文學／伤痕文学 (shānghén wénxué)
傷痕累累／伤痕累累 (shānghénlěilěi)

Etymology 2Edit

simp. and trad.		痕

Kra-Dai substrate word. Compare Zhuang haenz (“to itch”), humz (“to itch”), Hlai kom (“to itch”).

PronunciationEdit

Cantonese (Jyutping): han⁴

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: han⁴
  - Yale: hàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: han⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: hen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐn²¹/

DefinitionsEdit

痕

(Cantonese) itchy
我呢度好痕。 [Cantonese] ― ngo⁵ nei¹ dou⁶ hou² han⁴. [Jyutping] ― It's really itchy right here.

𢯎痕 [Cantonese] ― ngaau¹ han⁴ [Jyutping] ― to scratch an itch

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 癢 (“itchy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		癢
Mandarin	Beijing	癢癢, 刺撓
	Taiwan	癢, 癢癢
	Ulanhot	刺撓
	Tongliao	刺撓
	Chifeng	癢
	Bayanhot	癢
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	刺撓
	Harbin	細癢, 刺撓, 刺癢
	Shenyang	刺撓
	Jinan	癢癢, 刺撓
	Xi'an	咬人, 咬
	Wuhan	癢
	Chengdu	癢, 咬
	Kunming	癢
	Guilin	癢
	Yangzhou	癢
	Hefei	癢
	Malaysia	癢
	Singapore	癢
Cantonese	Guangzhou	痕, 癢
	Hong Kong	痕, 痕癢
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	癢, 痎
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	痎
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	痎
	Taishan	痎
	Kaiping (Chikan)	痎
	Dongguan	癢
	Yangjiang	癢
	Nanning	痕
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	痕
	Singapore (Guangfu)	痕
Gan	Nanchang	癢
Hakka	Meixian	癢
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	痎
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	癢
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	癢
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	痎
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	癢
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	癢
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	癢
	Hong Kong	痎
Jin	Taiyuan	癢
	Taibus (Baochang)	癢
	Linhe	咬
	Jining	咬
	Hohhot	刺撓
	Baotou	咬
	Dongsheng	咬
	Haibowan	咬
Min Bei	Jian'ou	癢
Min Dong	Fuzhou	癢
Min Nan	Xiamen	癢
	Quanzhou	癢
	Zhangzhou	癢
	Taipei	癢
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	癢
	Kaohsiung	癢
	Yilan	癢
	Changhua (Lukang)	癢
	Taichung	癢
	Tainan	癢
	Hsinchu	癢
	Kinmen	癢
	Penghu (Magong)	癢
	Penang (Hokkien)	癢, gatai
	Singapore (Hokkien)	癢
	Manila (Hokkien)	癢
	Chaozhou	癢
	Shantou	癢
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	癢
	Jieyang	癢
	Pontianak (Teochew)	癢
Wu	Suzhou	癢, 肉癢
Wu	Wenzhou	癢
Xiang	Changsha	癢
Xiang	Shuangfeng	癢