痴

See also: 癡
痴 U+75F4, 痴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-75F4
← 痳
[U+75F3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 痵 →
[U+75F5]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

痴 (radical 104, 疒+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大人大口 (KOKR), four-corner 00160, composition ⿸疒知)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 774, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22257
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1185, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2681, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+75F4

ChineseEdit

trad. 痴/癡
simp. 痴

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (矢) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
彘 *l'eds
璏 *l'eds, *ɢʷleds, *ɢʷled
薙 *l̥ʰiːs, *ljiʔ, *l'iʔ
知 *ʔl'e
蜘 *te
智 *ʔl'es
鼅 *te
潪 *teɡs, *deɡ
踟 *de
雉 *l'iʔ
矢 *hliʔ
痴 *l̥ʰɯ

PronunciationEdit

Rime
Character 痴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 徹 (10)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 丑之切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈʰɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈʰɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶʰie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈʰɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ȶʰiə/
Wang
Li 		/ȶʰĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȶʰi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chī
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 痴
Reading # 1/1
No. 11505
Phonetic
component 		矢
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		癡
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ʰɯ/

DefinitionsEdit

痴

  1. foolish; stupid; dumb; silly
  2. infatuated; crazy about
  3. (Buddhism) moha, delusion, ignorance
  4. (Classical Chinese or dialectal) mad; insane

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 瘋 (“mad; crazy; insane”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 痴, 狂, 癲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 瘋, 狂, 瘋癲, 瘋狂
Mandarin Beijing 瘋
Taiwan 瘋
Muping 痴
Luoyang 瘋
Xi'an 瘋
Ürümqi 瘋
Guiyang 瘋
Liuzhou 癲
Yangzhou 瘋
Singapore 神經病, 有毛病
Cantonese Guangzhou 癲, 黐線
Hong Kong 癲, 黐線
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 癲, 黐線
Singapore (Guangfu) 癲, 黐線
Gan Nanchang 瘋
Hakka Meixian 癲
Min Dong Fuzhou 癲
Min Nan Xiamen 痟
Quanzhou 痟
Yongchun 痟
Zhangzhou 痟, 魔
Zhao'an 痟
Taipei 痟
Kaohsiung 痟
Penang (Hokkien) 痟
Singapore (Hokkien) 痟
Manila (Hokkien) 痟
Chaozhou 痟
Shantou 痟
Chenghai 痟
Chaoyang 痟
Jieyang 痟
Haifeng 癲
Singapore (Teochew) 痟
Leizhou 痟神
Wenchang 發痟
Singapore (Hainanese) 發痟
Wu Shanghai 痴
Chongming 痴
Danyang 瘋
Hangzhou 瘋
Wenzhou 癲
Jinhua 癲
Xiang Loudi 瘋

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (痴):
  • → Japanese: 痴(ち) (chi)
  • → Korean: 치 (痴, chi)
  • → Vietnamese: si (痴)

CompoundsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

Shinjitai

痴

Kyūjitai

癡
痴

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 癡)

ReadingsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
痴
ち
Grade: S
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
癡 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 痴 (MC ʈʰɨ). Compare modern Mandarin 痴 (chī).

The Buddhist sense is a translation of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly, ignorance”) or मूढ (mūḍha, “fool”).[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

痴(ち) • (chi)  (kyūjitai 癡)

  1. foolishness, stupidity
  2. (Buddhism) ignorance, one of the three roots of the vice dharmas

AffixEdit

痴(ち) • (chi)  (kyūjitai 癡)

  1. foolish, stupid
  2. lascivious, lustful
  3. craze, obsession
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
痴
おこ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
癡 (kyūjitai)
烏滸
尾籠
嗚呼 (rare)

⟨woko2⟩ → */wəkə/ → /woko/ → /oko/

From Old Japanese.[1]

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

痴(おこ) • (oko) -na (adnominal 痴(おこ)な (oko na), adverbial 痴(おこ)に (oko ni), kyūjitai 癡, historical kana をこ)

  1. foolish, absurd
  2. indecent, indelicate
InflectionEdit
Inflection of 痴
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 痴だろ おこだろ oko daro
Continuative (連用形) 痴で おこで oko de
Terminal (終止形) 痴だ おこだ oko da
Attributive (連体形) 痴な おこな oko na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 痴なら おこなら oko nara
Imperative (命令形) 痴であれ おこであれ oko de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 痴ではない
痴じゃない 		おこではない
おこじゃない 		oko de wa nai
oko ja nai
Informal past 痴だった おこだった oko datta
Informal negative past 痴ではなかった
痴じゃなかった 		おこではなかった
おこじゃなかった 		oko de wa nakatta
oko ja nakatta
Formal 痴です おこです oko desu
Formal negative 痴ではありません
痴じゃありません 		おこではありません
おこじゃありません 		oko de wa arimasen
oko ja arimasen
Formal past 痴でした おこでした oko deshita
Formal negative past 痴ではありませんでした
痴じゃありませんでした 		おこではありませんでした
おこじゃありませんでした 		oko de wa arimasen deshita
oko ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 痴で おこで oko de
Conditional 痴なら（ば） おこなら（ば） oko nara (ba)
Provisional 痴だったら おこだったら oko dattara
Volitional 痴だろう おこだろう oko darō
Adverbial 痴に おこに oko ni
Degree 痴さ おこさ okosa
Classical conjugation of "痴なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 痴なら をこなら woko nara
Continuative (連用形) 痴に[1]
痴なり[2]		 をこに
をこなり		 woko ni
woko nari
Terminal (終止形) 痴なり をこなり woko nari
Attributive (連体形) 痴なる をこなる woko naru
Realis (已然形) 痴なれ をこなれ woko nare
Imperative (命令形) 痴なれ をこなれ woko nare
Key constructions
Negative 痴ならず をこならず woko narazu
Contrasting conjunction 痴なれど をこなれど woko naredo
Causal conjunction 痴なれば をこなれば woko nareba
Conditional conjunction 痴ならば をこならば woko naraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 痴なりき をこなりき woko nariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 痴なりけり をこなりけり woko narikeri
Adverbial 痴に をこに woko ni
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.
Usage notesEdit

Historical sources[1][2] show that this term is more often used as an attributive noun, followed by possessive particle の (no) when used to modify another noun.

NounEdit

痴(おこ) • (oko)  (kyūjitai 癡, historical kana をこ)

  1. foolishness, stupidity
  2. indecency, indelicateness
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

痴 (eum 치 (chi))

  1. Alternative form of 癡

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

痴: Hán Nôm readings: si, sy, se

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

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