들다

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Korean 들〮다〮 (túltá), from Old Korean 入乙 (*TUr-), the final rhotic also confirmed by linguistic reconstruction.

In the Hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 들〮다〮 (Yale: túltá).

All meanings are related (often via metaphor) to the primary meaning of "to enter".

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tɯɭda̠]

  • (file)

• Phonetic hangul: [들다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	deulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	deulda
McCune–Reischauer?	tŭlda
Yale Romanization?	tulta

Verb

들다 • (deulda) (infinitive 들어, sequential 드니)

1. (intransitive, both literal and figurative) to come in, go in, get in, enter

   Hypernyms: 들어오다 (deureooda, “to come in”), 들어가다 (deureogada, “to go in”)

   숲에 드니 상쾌하다.

   Sup-e deuni sangkwaehada.

   It's refreshing to enter the forest.

   무소부지의 경지에 들다 ― musobuji-ui gyeongji-e deulda ― to enter a state of all-comprehensive knowledge

2. (intransitive, of light, water, etc.) to enter, penetrate

   Synonym: 들어오다 (deureooda, “to come in”)

   창문에 해가 너무 많이 들어.

   Changmun-e hae-ga neomu mani deureo.

   There's too much sunlight coming in through the window.

3. (intransitive) to enter a road or path

   왼쪽 길로 들면 될 거야.

   Oenjjok gil-lo deulmyeon doel geoya.

   It should be fine once you go into the left street.

4. (intransitive, with the cost as subject) to cost

   지하철을 타는 데 1000원이 들었다.

   Jihacheor-eul taneun de cheonwon-i deureotda.

   It cost [me] a thousand won to ride the subway.

5. (intransitive, of water, color, atmosphere, etc.) to permeate in, to saturate

   간이 들다 ― gan-i deulda ― to be spiced

   미국물이 들다 ― migungmur-i deulda ― to be permeated with American influence

6. (intransitive) to be included in

   계약서에 들어 있습니다.

   Gyeyakseo-e deureo itseumnida.

   It's included in the contract.

   일등급에 들다 ― ildeunggeub-e deulda ― to be in the highest rank of the Korean grading system

   물이 어디에 들어 있어요? ― Muri eodie deureo isseoyo? ― Where is water in?

7. (intransitive, of an event, especially weather-related) to occur

   흉년이 들었다

   hyungnyeon-i deureotda

   A year of harvest failure occurred

8. (transitive or intransitive) to join an organization, to enter into a contract

   보험을 들었어.

   Boheom-eul deureosseo.

   I signed up for insurance.

9. (transitive) to side with
10. (auxiliary as 들고, often derogatory) to insist on doing, to strive
11. (intransitive) Various idiomatic usages with different types of subjects:
    1. (with subject relating to thought) to think

       이상한 생각이 든다

       isanghan saenggag-i deunda

       I get this weird thought

    2. (with subjects relating to disease) to contract, get

       독감이 들다 ― dokgam-i deulda ― to get the flu

    3. (with subjects relating to sleep) to fall asleep

       낮잠이 들다 ― natjam-i deulda ― to fall into a nap

    4. (with subject relating to habits) to get the habit
    5. (with subject relating to taste) to get the taste

       신맛이 들다 ― sinmas-i deulda ― to get sour

    6. (with subject relating to age) to get old

       나이가 들다 ― nai-ga deulda ― to get old, to put on years

    7. (euphemistic, with subject relating to a child) to get pregnant
    8. (with a subject relating to a blade) to be sharp, cut well

Usage notes

• (to physically enter a space): Nowadays, the compounds 들어오다 (deureooda, “to come in”) and 들어가다 (deureogada, “to go in”) are more common than the bare verb in literal, physical contexts.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 들다 (deulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	든다 deunda	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	듭니다 deumnida
	Past	들었다 deureotda	들었어 deureosseo	들었어요 deureosseoyo	들었습니다 deureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	드느냐 deuneunya	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	듭니까 deumnikka
	Past	들었느냐 deureonneunya	들었어 deureosseo	들었어요 deureosseoyo	들었습니까 deureotseumnikka
Hortative		들자 deulja	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	드십시다 deusipsida
Imperative		들어라 deureora	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	듭시오 deupsio
Assertive		들겠다 deulgetda	들겠어 deulgesseo	들겠어요 deulgesseoyo	들겠습니다 deulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		들어 deureo	들어서 deureoseo	드니 deuni	드니까 deunikka
Contrast		들지만 deuljiman	드는데 deuneunde	들더니 deuldeoni
Conjunction		들고 deulgo
Condition		들면 deulmyeon	들어야 deureoya
Motive		들려고 deullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		듦 deum	들기 deulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		들었음 deureosseum	들었기 deureotgi
Determiners	Past	든 deun
	Present	드는 deuneun
	Future	들 deul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	드신다 deusinda	드셔 deusyeo	드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십니다 deusimnida
	Past	드셨다 deusyeotda	드셨어 deusyeosseo	드셨어요 deusyeosseoyo	드셨습니다 deusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	드시느냐 deusineunya	드셔 deusyeo	드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십니까 deusimnikka
	Past	드셨느냐 deusyeonneunya	드셨어 deusyeosseo	드셨어요 deusyeosseoyo	드셨습니까 deusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		드시라 deusira	드셔 deusyeo	드세요 deuseyo	드십시오 deusipsio
Assertive		드시겠다 deusigetda	드시겠어 deusigesseo	드시겠어요 deusigesseoyo	드시겠습니다 deusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		드셔 deusyeo	드셔서 deusyeoseo	드시니 deusini	드시니까 deusinikka
Contrast		드시지만 deusijiman	드시는데 deusineunde	드시더니 deusideoni
Conjunction		드시고 deusigo
Condition		드시면 deusimyeon	드셔야 deusyeoya
Motive		드시려고 deusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		드심 deusim	드시기 deusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		드셨음 deusyeosseum	드셨기 deusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	드신 deusin
	Present	드시는 deusineun
	Future	드실 deusil

Derived terms

(idioms):

• 마음에 들다 (ma'eume deulda, “be pleasing”)
• 눈에 들다 (nune deulda, “to be attention-grabbing”)
• 잠이 들다 (jami deulda, “to fall asleep”)
• 나이가 들다 (naiga deulda, “to age”)
• 날이 들다 (nari deulda, “to become clear weather”)
• 땀이 들다 (ttami deulda, “to stop sweating”)

(compound verbs):

• 들어가다 (deureogada, “to enter, go into, be installed”)
• 들어오다 (deureooda, “to come in, earn, greet”)
• 들어맞다 (deureomatda, “to answer, harmonize, prove true, match”)
• 들어박히다 (deureobakhida, “to stay indoors, stick to”)
• 들어앉다 (deureoanda, “to come closer, establish oneself”)
• 들어차다 (deureochada, “to be full, crowded”)

Related terms

• 들이 (deuri)
• 들이 (-deuri)

 

Etymology 2

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 들다〮 (Yale: tùltá), from Proto-Koreanic *tu(N)l(u)-.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tɯɭda̠]

  • (file)

• Phonetic hangul: [들다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	deulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	deulda
McCune–Reischauer?	tŭlda
Yale Romanization?	tulta

Verb

들다 • (deulda) (infinitive 들어, sequential 드니)

1. (transitive) to hold

   칼을 들다 ― kar-eul deulda ― to hold a sword

   코트를 들어 드릴까요? ― Koteu-reul deureo deurilkkayo? ― Shall I hold your coat?

   (file)

2. (transitive) to raise, lift up

   손을 들다 ― son-eul deulda ― to raise one's hand

   나무를 들다 ― namu-reul deulda ― to lift up a tree

   Synonym: 올리다 (ollida)

3. (transitive, by extension) to offer proof, arguments, etc.

   예를 들다 ― ye-reul deulda ― to provide an example

4. (transitive, honorific, suppletive) Honorific form of 먹다 (meokda, “to eat”)

   Synonym: 잡수다 (japsuda)

   할아버지, 저녁 드세요!

   harabeoji, jeonyeok deuseyo!

   Grandpa, come out and have dinner!

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 들다 (deulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	든다 deunda	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	듭니다 deumnida
	Past	들었다 deureotda	들었어 deureosseo	들었어요 deureosseoyo	들었습니다 deureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	드느냐 deuneunya	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	듭니까 deumnikka
	Past	들었느냐 deureonneunya	들었어 deureosseo	들었어요 deureosseoyo	들었습니까 deureotseumnikka
Hortative		들자 deulja	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	드십시다 deusipsida
Imperative		들어라 deureora	들어 deureo	들어요 deureoyo	듭시오 deupsio
Assertive		들겠다 deulgetda	들겠어 deulgesseo	들겠어요 deulgesseoyo	들겠습니다 deulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		들어 deureo	들어서 deureoseo	드니 deuni	드니까 deunikka
Contrast		들지만 deuljiman	드는데 deuneunde	들더니 deuldeoni
Conjunction		들고 deulgo
Condition		들면 deulmyeon	들어야 deureoya
Motive		들려고 deullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		듦 deum	들기 deulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		들었음 deureosseum	들었기 deureotgi
Determiners	Past	든 deun
	Present	드는 deuneun
	Future	들 deul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	드신다 deusinda	드셔 deusyeo	드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십니다 deusimnida
	Past	드셨다 deusyeotda	드셨어 deusyeosseo	드셨어요 deusyeosseoyo	드셨습니다 deusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	드시느냐 deusineunya	드셔 deusyeo	드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십니까 deusimnikka
	Past	드셨느냐 deusyeonneunya	드셨어 deusyeosseo	드셨어요 deusyeosseoyo	드셨습니까 deusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		드시라 deusira	드셔 deusyeo	드세요 deuseyo	드십시오 deusipsio
Assertive		드시겠다 deusigetda	드시겠어 deusigesseo	드시겠어요 deusigesseoyo	드시겠습니다 deusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		드셔 deusyeo	드셔서 deusyeoseo	드시니 deusini	드시니까 deusinikka
Contrast		드시지만 deusijiman	드시는데 deusineunde	드시더니 deusideoni
Conjunction		드시고 deusigo
Condition		드시면 deusimyeon	드셔야 deusyeoya
Motive		드시려고 deusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		드심 deusim	드시기 deusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		드셨음 deusyeosseum	드셨기 deusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	드신 deusin
	Present	드시는 deusineun
	Future	드실 deusil

    Selected forms of the verb 드시다 (deusida): vowel-stem, 시(si)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	드신다 deusinda	드셔 deusyeo	드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십니다 deusimnida
	Past	드셨다 deusyeotda	드셨어 deusyeosseo	드셨어요 deusyeosseoyo	드셨습니다 deusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	드시느냐 deusineunya	드셔 deusyeo	드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십니까 deusimnikka
	Past	드셨느냐 deusyeonneunya	드셨어 deusyeosseo	드셨어요 deusyeosseoyo	드셨습니까 deusyeotseumnikka
Imperative				드세요, 드셔요 deuseyo, deusyeoyo	드십시오 deusipsio
Assertive		드시겠다 deusigetda	드시겠어 deusigesseo	드시겠어요 deusigesseoyo	드시겠습니다 deusigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		드셔 deusyeo	드셔서 deusyeoseo	드시니 deusini	드시니까 deusinikka
Contrast		드시지만 deusijiman	드시는데 deusineunde	드시더니 deusideoni
Conjunction		드시고 deusigo
Condition		드시면 deusimyeon	드셔야 deusyeoya
Motive		드시려고 deusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		드심 deusim	드시기 deusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		드셨음 deusyeosseum	드셨기 deusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	드신 deusin
	Present	드시는 deusineun
	Future	드실 deusil

This verb is in honorific form.

Etymology 3

Related to 데리다 (derida)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tɯɭda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [들다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	deulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	deulda
McCune–Reischauer?	tŭlda
Yale Romanization?	tulta

Verb

들다 • (deulda) (infinitive 들어, sequential 드니)

1. (Jeolla dialect) to bring
   • 2018 March 6, 최현섭 [choehyeonseop], “당산제 모시기 [dangsanje mosigi]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎^[1], 광주광역시 북구 덕흥동 [gwangjugwang'yeoksi bukgu deokheungdong]:

     그 사람들 들고 인자 서이, 너이 장봇짐을 허믄...

     Geu saram-deul deul-go inja seoi, neoi jangbotjim-eul heo-meun...

     If you brought those people and made them wear three, four big backpacks...