Iran
See also: Appendix:Variations of "iran"
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates.
The name of the political entity is a 3rd-century development that derives from the indigenous ethnolinguistic name of the Iranian peoples,[1] i.e. the great variety of Iranian tribes that spoke an Iranian language.
PronunciationEdit
- (UK) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/[2]
- (US) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/, /aɪˈɹæn/[3]
Audio (US) (file) Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːn, -æn
Proper nounEdit
Iran
- A country in West Asia. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran.
- ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, page 126:
- "The Persians, in naming their country, make use of one word, which they indifferently pronounce Iroun, and Iran."
- 2005, Massoume Price, ed., Iran's Diverse Peoples, ABC-Clio, page xiii:
- "Iran is a vast and ancient country in a strategic location in the Middle East. It borders Russia, Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, the Gulf of Oman, and the Persian Gulf."
- ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, page 126:
- (literary, technical) regions inhabited by the Iranian peoples.
- 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, volume 1 (SBE, volume 31), Oxford UP, page 7, xxviii:
- "Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran."
- "One certain fact is the occurrence of geographical names [Bactria, Sogdiana, etc] in Vendidad I, which are obviously intended to describe the earliest homes of the Iranian races whose lore was the Avesta."
- 1898, A. V. W. Jackson, Zoroaster: The Prophet of Ancient Iran, Macmillan, page 10:
- "Zoroaster of Iran. — Zoroaster, it is believed, sprang up in the seventh century before the Christian era, somewhere in the land between the Indus and the Tigris."
- 1909, John Huston Finley (ed.), "Iran" in Nelson's Perpetual Loose-leaf Encyclopaedia, volume 6, page 479:
- "Iran. in early times, the name applied to the great Asiatic plateau which comprised the entire region from the Caucasus, the Caspian Sea, and Russian Turkestan on the north to the Tigris, the Persian Gulf, and the Arabian Sea on the west and south, and extending to the Indus on the east, likewise comprising the modern Afghanistan and the territory to the north of it as far as the Jaxartes River."
- 1985, J. M. Cooke, "The Rise of the Achaemenids" in Cambridge Historiy of Iran, volume 2, page 290:
- "[W]e may surmise that there was a strong sense of Iranian unity lending solidarity to the eastern half of the empire. It is only in the generations after Alexander, in Eudemus and in Eratosthenes (ap. Strabo), that we find mention of the concept of a greater nation of Iran (Arianē) stretching from the Zagros to the Indus; but the sense of unity must have been there, for Herodotus tells us that the Medes were formerly called Arioi, and Darius I (followed by Xerxes) in his inscriptions proclaims himself an Iranian (Ariya) by race - he speaks of himself in ascending order as an Achaemenid, a Persian and an Iranian (Naqsh-i Rustam)."
- 1990, Hubert Darke, "Cambridge History of Iran" in Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 4, page 724:
- "[The] Cambridge History of Iran [is] a survey of the history and historical geography of the land which is present-day Iran, as well as other territories inhabited by peoples of Iranian descent."
- 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, volume 1 (SBE, volume 31), Oxford UP, page 7, xxviii:
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
country in Western Asia
|
Persia — see Persia
See alsoEdit
- Persia (archaic exonym)
- (countries of Asia) country of Asia; Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen
ReferencesEdit
- ^ MacKenzie, David Niel (1998). "Ērān, Ērānšahr". Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 8. Costa Mesa: Mazda, page 534.
- ^ “Iran”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “Iran”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
Proper nounEdit
Iran
AlbanianEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran m (definite Irani)
- Iran (a country in Western Asia; capital: Tehran)
InflectionEdit
declension of Iran
Derived termsEdit
BretonEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran ?
CatalanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran m
Usage notesEdit
- Catalan uses the definite article l’ in front of Iran, but not in enumerations (such as "Canada, China and Iran are big countries.")
Derived termsEdit
Central NahuatlEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
DanishEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
Derived termsEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Ultimately from Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyʿʾn). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran n
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- Perzisch (archaic exonym)
FaroeseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
DeclensionEdit
| Singular | |
| Indefinite | |
| Nominative | Iran |
| Accusative | Iran |
| Dative | Irani |
| Genitive | Irans |
Related termsEdit
AnagramsEdit
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
DeclensionEdit
| Inflection of Iran (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | Iran | — | |
| genitive | Iranin | — | |
| partitive | Irania | — | |
| illative | Iraniin | — | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | Iran | — | |
| accusative | nom. | Iran | — |
| gen. | Iranin | ||
| genitive | Iranin | — | |
| partitive | Irania | — | |
| inessive | Iranissa | — | |
| elative | Iranista | — | |
| illative | Iraniin | — | |
| adessive | Iranilla | — | |
| ablative | Iranilta | — | |
| allative | Iranille | — | |
| essive | Iranina | — | |
| translative | Iraniksi | — | |
| instructive | — | — | |
| abessive | Iranitta | — | |
| comitative | — | — | |
| Possessive forms of Iran (type paperi) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | Iranini | Iranimme |
| 2nd person | Iranisi | Iraninne |
| 3rd person | Iraninsa | |
AnagramsEdit
FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran m
- Iran (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
See alsoEdit
- (countries of Asia) pays d’Asie; Afghanistan, Arabie saoudite, Arménie, Azerbaïdjan, Bahreïn, Bangladesh, Bhoutan, Birmanie, Brunei, Cambodge, Chine, Chypre, Corée du Nord, Corée du Sud, Émirats arabes unis, Géorgie, Inde, Indonésie, Iran, Irak, Israël, Japon, Jordanie, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Koweït, Laos, Liban, Malaisie, Maldives, Mongolie, Népal, Oman, Ouzbékistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russie, Singapour, Sri Lanka, Syrie, Tadjikistan, Thaïlande, Timor oriental, Turquie, Turkménistan, Vietnam, Yémen (Category: fr:Countries in Asia)
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran n (proper noun, genitive Irans or (optionally with an article) Iran)
- Iran (a country in Western Asia)
Proper nounEdit
Iran m (proper noun, strong, genitive Irans or Iran)
- Iran (a country in Western Asia)
Usage notesEdit
- The word is sometimes used without a definite article as in English: Iran, in Iran. In this case, the genitive is always Irans, for example Irans Hauptstadt – "Iran's capital".
- More commonly, however, the definite article is used with the name: der Iran, im Iran. In this case, the genitive usually is des Iran, although des Irans is also correct: die Hauptstadt des Iran(s) – "the capital of Iran".
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- Perser (archaic exonym)
- Persien (archaic exonym)
- persisch (archaic exonym)
- Persisch (archaic exonym)
Further readingEdit
- “Iran” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. Doublet of aria, arya, Arya, and ayah.
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
See alsoEdit
- (countries of Asia) negara-negara di Asia; Afganistan, Arab Saudi, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Filipina, India, Indonesia, Irak, Iran, Israel, Jepang, Kamboja, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Korea Selatan, Korea Utara, Kuwait, Laos, Libanon, Maladewa, Malaysia, Mesir, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestina, Qatar, Rusia, Singapura, Siprus, Sri Lanka, Suriah, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor Leste, Tiongkok, Turki, Turkmenistan, Uni Emirat Arab, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yaman, Yordania
Further readingEdit
- “Iran” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
InterlinguaEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
ItalianEdit
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): /ˈi.ran/, (traditional) /iˈran/[1]
- Rhymes: -iran, (traditional) -an
- Syllabification: Ì‧ran, (traditional) I‧ràn
Proper nounEdit
Iran m
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- Persia (archaic exonym)
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Iran in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
AnagramsEdit
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
Iran
Norwegian BokmålEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
Related termsEdit
Norwegian NynorskEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran
Related termsEdit
PolishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran m
- Iran (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of Iran
Derived termsEdit
adjective
nouns
Further readingEdit
RomanianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
Proper nounEdit
Iran n
Serbo-CroatianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Ìrān m (Cyrillic spelling Ѝра̄н)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of Iran
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | Ìrān |
| genitive | Irána |
| dative | Iranu |
| accusative | Iran |
| vocative | Irane |
| locative | Iranu |
| instrumental | Iranom |
SwedishEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran n (genitive Irans)
Derived termsEdit
AnagramsEdit
TagalogEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Spanish Irán (“Iran”).
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Irán
- Iran (a country in Western Asia)
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
Iran f
Derived termsEdit
- Gweriniaeth Islamaidd Iran (“Islamic Republic of Iran”)
MutationEdit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
| Iran | unchanged | unchanged | Hiran |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||