gana
Asturian
editVerb
editgana
- inflection of ganar:
Balinese
editRomanization
editgana
Bikol Central
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Spanish ganar (“to win”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editgana
- victorious; triumphant
- Synonym: daog
Noun
editgana
- win; victory; triumph
- Antonym: daog
- appetite
- enthusiasm
- Synonym: entusiyasmo
- function
- Synonym: andar
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editBreton
editVerb
editgana
- Soft mutation of kana.
Catalan
editEtymology
editUnknown, maybe related to Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgana f (plural ganes)
- hunger (desire for food)
- Synonym: fam
- (especially in the plural) desire to do something
- tenir ganes ― to feel like, fancy (literally, “to have desires”)
Further reading
edit- “gana” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Cebuano
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editgana
Verb
editgana
Galician
editEtymology 1
editAttested since 1671. From Spanish gana, maybe from Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”) .[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgana f (plural ganas)
- desire to do something; zest
- Synonym: desexo
- appetite
- Synonym: apetito
- ill will
- urge
- Tes gana de mexar? ― Do you feel the urge to piss?
References
edit- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “gana”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “gana”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “gana”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “gana”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Etymology 2
editVerb
editgana
- inflection of ganir:
Gamilaraay
editEtymology
editNoun
editgana
Garo
editVerb
editgana
- to wear
Hiligaynon
editEtymology
editNoun
editgana
Icelandic
editVerb
editgana (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative ganaði, supine ganað)
- rush, run frantically, act recklessly
Conjugation
editinfinitive (nafnháttur) |
að gana | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
ganað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
ganandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég gana | við gönum | present (nútíð) |
ég gani | við gönum |
þú ganar | þið ganið | þú ganir | þið ganið | ||
hann, hún, það ganar | þeir, þær, þau gana | hann, hún, það gani | þeir, þær, þau gani | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég ganaði | við gönuðum | past (þátíð) |
ég ganaði | við gönuðum |
þú ganaðir | þið gönuðuð | þú ganaðir | þið gönuðuð | ||
hann, hún, það ganaði | þeir, þær, þau gönuðu | hann, hún, það ganaði | þeir, þær, þau gönuðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
gana (þú) | ganið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
ganaðu | ganiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að ganast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
ganast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
ganandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég ganast | við gönumst | present (nútíð) |
ég ganist | við gönumst |
þú ganast | þið ganist | þú ganist | þið ganist | ||
hann, hún, það ganast | þeir, þær, þau ganast | hann, hún, það ganist | þeir, þær, þau ganist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég ganaðist | við gönuðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég ganaðist | við gönuðumst |
þú ganaðist | þið gönuðust | þú ganaðist | þið gönuðust | ||
hann, hún, það ganaðist | þeir, þær, þau gönuðust | hann, hún, það ganaðist | þeir, þær, þau gönuðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
ganast (þú) | ganist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
ganastu | ganisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
ganaður | gönuð | ganað | ganaðir | ganaðar | gönuð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
ganaðan | ganaða | ganað | ganaða | ganaðar | gönuð | |
dative (þágufall) |
gönuðum | ganaðri | gönuðu | gönuðum | gönuðum | gönuðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
ganaðs | ganaðrar | ganaðs | ganaðra | ganaðra | ganaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
ganaði | ganaða | ganaða | gönuðu | gönuðu | gönuðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
ganaða | gönuðu | ganaða | gönuðu | gönuðu | gönuðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
ganaða | gönuðu | ganaða | gönuðu | gönuðu | gönuðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
ganaða | gönuðu | ganaða | gönuðu | gönuðu | gönuðu |
Indonesian
editPronunciation
edit- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡa.na]
- Rhymes: -ana
- Syllabification: ga‧na
Etymology 1
editBorrowed from Arabic غَنَاء (ḡanāʔ).
Noun
editgana (plural gana-gana, first-person possessive ganaku, second-person possessive ganamu, third-person possessive gananya)
Etymology 2
editNoun
editgana (plural gana-gana, first-person possessive ganaku, second-person possessive ganamu, third-person possessive gananya)
Etymology 3
editNoun
editgana (plural gana-gana, first-person possessive ganaku, second-person possessive ganamu, third-person possessive gananya)
- (archaic) decorative form in the form of a small child
Etymology 4
editVerb
editgana
Etymology 5
editBorrowed from Javanese ꦒꦤ (gana, “bee larvae”), from Old Javanese gaṇa (“host, group; a kind of demi-god; number; a certain military subdivision”), from Sanskrit गण (gaṇa, “flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, series, class (of animate or inanimate beings), body of followers or attendants”).
Noun
editgana (first-person possessive ganaku, second-person possessive ganamu, third-person possessive gananya)
Further reading
edit- “gana” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
editRomanization
editgana
- Romanization of ꦒꦤ
Juba Arabic
editEtymology
editFrom Sudanese Arabic قنا (gana).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgana
References
edit- Ian Smith, Morris Timothy Ama (1985) A Dictionary of Juba Arabic & English[2], 1st edition, Juba: The Committee of The Juba Cheshire Home and Centre for Handicapped Children, page 20
Latvian
editEtymology
editCognate with Lithuanian ganà (“enough, rather, fairly”).
Adverb
editgana
Noun
editgana m
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editOf unclear origin.[1] According to Derksen, from a Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to flourish, swell; enough, numerous”),[2] which he appears to consider the same as *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”) (whence giñti (“drive, chase”)), perhaps via semantic shifts "slay" > "booty (from spoils of war)" > "flourish". Cognate with Latvian gana (“enough, rather, fairly”),[3] Old Church Slavonic гонѣти (goněti, “to suffice”); outside of Balto-Slavic, compare tentatively Sanskrit घन (ghaná, “dense, thick”), Sanskrit आहनस् (āhanás, “thriving, full”), Old Armenian յոգն (yogn, “plenty”), Proto-West Germanic *gant (“whole, complete”).
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editganà
- enough, sufficiently
- Synonyms: pakanka, užtenka, pakankamai, užtektinai
- Aš turiu gana pinigų. ― I have enough money.
- Gana jau, gana! ― Enough already, enough!
- rather, fairly
- Synonyms: gerokai, pakankamai
- Jis gana trumpas. ― He is rather short.
Related terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “ganà”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 155-6
- ^ “gana”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gana”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 163
Further reading
edit- “gana”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гонезнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Makasar
editPronunciation
editAdjective
editgana (Lontara spelling ᨁᨊ)
- female (of animals and plants)
- Jangang ganaya ― The hen
Usage notes
edit- In most dialects, the word tends to be derogatory in nature when applied in the human sense, akin to addressing someone with the word bitch.
Synonyms
edit- baine (of humans)
Antonyms
editDerived terms
editNorthern Sotho
editVerb
editgana
- to refuse
Papiamentu
editEtymology
editNoun
editgana
Portuguese
editPronunciation
edit- Rhymes: -ɐnɐ
Etymology 1
editNoun
editgana f (plural ganas)
- a strong desire, willingness or enthusiasm to achieve something; impetus; spur
- ill will (aversion towards someone)
Etymology 2
editVerb
editgana
- inflection of ganir:
Rohingya
editAlternative forms
edit- 𐴒𐴝𐴕𐴝 (gana) — Hanifi Rohingya script
Etymology
editCognate with Bengali গান (gan).
Noun
editgana (Hanifi spelling 𐴒𐴝𐴕𐴝)
Related terms
editSardinian
editEtymology
editNoun
editgana
Spanish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editUnknown, maybe related to Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”) and thus ganar.
Noun
editgana f (plural ganas)
- (often in the plural) desire (to do something)
- Tengo ganas de irme.
- I've got an urge to leave.
- Lo que me da la gana.
- Whatever I feel like doing.
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Cebuano: gana
- → Hiligaynon: gana
- → Sicilian: gana, jana
- → Tagalog: gana
- → Moroccan Arabic: ڭانة (gāna)
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
editgana
- inflection of ganar:
Further reading
edit- “gana”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
Swazi
editVerb
edit-gana
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Tagalog
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡaː.n̪ɐ]
- Rhymes: -ana
- Syllabification: ga‧na
Noun
editgana (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜈ)
- appetite; relish for food or drink
- inclination; liking; motivation; willingness to do something
- seal; enthusiasm; diligence
- functioning (of machines)
- salary; wages; income
- renumeration; reward; compensation
- Synonyms: gantimpagal, bayad, gantimpala
- gain; profit
- Synonyms: tubo, ganansiya, pakinabang
- interest from loans
- tight hold or grip (as of a wrench)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editEtymology 2
editPronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ɡaˈna/ [ɡɐˈn̪a]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: ga‧na
Adverb
editganá (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜈ)
Anagrams
editVolapük
editNoun
editgana
Welsh
editPronunciation
edit- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈɡana/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈɡaːna/, /ˈɡana/
Verb
editgana
- Soft mutation of cana.
Mutation
editWiradjuri
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editNoun
editgana
- shoulder
- 1892, James Günther, “Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal Dialect called the Wirradhuri”, in John Fraser, editor, An Australian Language:
- Gãnna—the shoulder.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Zulu
editVerb
edit-gana
Inflection
editReferences
edit- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gana”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gana (6.3)”
- Asturian non-lemma forms
- Asturian verb forms
- Balinese non-lemma forms
- Balinese romanizations
- Bikol Central terms borrowed from Spanish
- Bikol Central terms derived from Spanish
- Bikol Central terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bikol Central lemmas
- Bikol Central adjectives
- Bikol Central nouns
- Breton non-lemma forms
- Breton mutated verbs
- Breton soft-mutation forms
- Catalan terms with unknown etymologies
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio pronunciation
- Catalan terms with homophones
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- Cebuano terms borrowed from Spanish
- Cebuano terms derived from Spanish
- Cebuano terms with IPA pronunciation
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano nouns
- Cebuano verbs
- Galician terms borrowed from Spanish
- Galician terms derived from Spanish
- Galician terms derived from Gothic
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Galician terms with usage examples
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Gamilaraay lemmas
- Gamilaraay nouns
- Garo lemmas
- Garo verbs
- Hiligaynon terms borrowed from Spanish
- Hiligaynon terms derived from Spanish
- Hiligaynon lemmas
- Hiligaynon nouns
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ana
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ana/2 syllables
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Indonesian terms derived from Arabic
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian terms with archaic senses
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian dialectal terms
- Riau Indonesian
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese
- Indonesian terms derived from Javanese
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Javanese
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Javanese Indonesian
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Juba Arabic terms derived from Sudanese Arabic
- Juba Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Juba Arabic lemmas
- Juba Arabic nouns
- pga:Plants
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian adverbs
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian noun forms
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian adverbs
- Lithuanian terms with usage examples
- Makasar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Makasar lemmas
- Makasar adjectives
- Makasar terms with usage examples
- Northern Sotho lemmas
- Northern Sotho verbs
- Papiamentu terms derived from Spanish
- Papiamentu lemmas
- Papiamentu nouns
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɐnɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɐnɐ/2 syllables
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms with homophones
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Spanish
- Portuguese terms derived from Spanish
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Rohingya lemmas
- Rohingya nouns
- Sardinian terms derived from Spanish
- Sardinian lemmas
- Sardinian nouns
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/ana
- Rhymes:Spanish/ana/2 syllables
- Spanish terms with homophones
- Spanish terms with unknown etymologies
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Swazi lemmas
- Swazi verbs
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ana
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ana/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Rhymes:Tagalog/a
- Rhymes:Tagalog/a/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog adverbs
- Volapük non-lemma forms
- Volapük noun forms
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated verbs
- Welsh soft-mutation forms
- Wiradjuri lemmas
- Wiradjuri nouns
- Wiradjuri terms with quotations
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu verbs
- Zulu verbs with tone L