minus

See also: Minus and mínus

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin minus, neuter form of minor, comparative form of parvus (“small, little”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (“few, small”).

PronunciationEdit

enPR: mīn-əs, IPA^(key): /ˈmaɪnəs/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -aɪnəs

PrepositionEdit

minus

(mathematics) Made less or reduced by (followed by an expression of number or quantity). [from 15th c.]
seven minus two is five

Antonym: plus
(informal) Without; deprived of. [from 19th c.]
I walked out minus my coat.

Synonyms: lacking, without

Derived termsEdit

minus sign

TranslationsEdit

mathematics: less

Arabic: نَاقَص‎ (nāqaṣ)
Egyptian Arabic: ناقص‎ (naaʾeṣ)
Armenian: հանած (hy) (hanac)
Asturian: menos
Basque: ken
Bulgarian: минус (minus)
Catalan: menys (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 减 (zh) (jiǎn)
Czech: minus (cs), mínus (cs)
Dutch: min (nl)
Esperanto: minus (eo)
Estonian: miinus (et)
Finnish: miinus (fi), pois (fi)
French: moins (fr)
Galician: menos (gl)
German: weniger (de), minus (de)
Greek: πλην (el) n (plin), μείον (el) n (meíon)
Hebrew: פחות‎ (he) (pakhót), מינוס‎ (mínus)
Icelandic: mínus
Italian: meno (it)
Japanese: 引く (ja) (hiku)
Korean: 빼기 (ko) (ppaegi)
Macedonian: минус (minus)
Norwegian: minus
Polish: minus (pl) m
Portuguese: menos (pt)
Russian: ми́нус (ru) (mínus)
Spanish: menos (es)
Swedish: minus (sv)
Tagalog: bawas (tl)
Thai: ลบ (th) (lóp)
Turkish: eksi (tr)
Urdu: منفی‎
Yiddish: מינוס‎ (minus)

NounEdit

minus (plural minuses)

(mathematics) The minus sign (−). [from 16th c.]
(mathematics) A negative quantity. [from 18th c.]
A downside or disadvantage. [from 20th c.]

SynonymsEdit

(defect or deficiency): defect, deficiency, drawback, flaw, shortcoming

AntonymsEdit

(minus sign): plus, plus sign
(negative quantity): positive
(defect or deficiency): advantage, bonus, boon, gain, plus

TranslationsEdit

minus sign — see minus sign

mathematics: negative quantity

German: Minus (de) n
Icelandic: neikvæð tala f, tala sem er minni en núll f
Japanese: 負 (ja) (ふ, fu), マイナス (ja) (mainasu)
Portuguese: negativo (pt) m
Russian: отрица́тельная величина́ (otricátelʹnaja veličiná)
Spanish: negativo (es) m
Swedish: negativ kvantitet
Thai: ลบ (th) (lóp)

downside or disadvantage

Czech: mínus (cs) n
Finnish: miinus (fi) (colloquial)
German: Minus (de) n
Icelandic: mínus m, ókostur m
Russian: ми́нус (ru) (mínus), недоста́ток (ru) (nedostátok)
Swedish: brist (sv), minus (sv)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Korean: ^{(please verify)} 빼기 (ko) (ppaegi) (bbaegi)
Mandarin: ^{(please verify)} 減去／减去 (zh), ^{(please verify)} 减去 (zh) (jiǎn qù)

AdjectiveEdit

minus (not comparable)

Being a negative quantity; pertaining to a deficit or reduction. [from 18th c.]
a minus number
That is below zero by (a specified amount) on a scale. [from 19th c.]
minus seven degrees
(colloquial, obsolete) Worse off than before; out of pocket. [19th c.]
- 1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, p. 301:
  The races being finished, we left Epsom for London, Mordaunt's natural vile temper not being at all improved by being three hundred pounds minus by the week's speculation […] .
(postpositive) Ranking just below (a designated rating). [from 19th c.]
He got a grade of B minus for his essay.

SynonymsEdit

(negative): negative
(on the negative part of a scale): below zero (after the noun)

TranslationsEdit

negative

Arabic: سَالِب‎ (sālib)
Armenian: բացասական (hy) (bacʿasakan)
Bulgarian: отрицателен (bg) (otricatelen)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 负 (zh) (fù)
Dutch: min (nl), negatief (nl), negatieve (nl)
Finnish: negatiivinen (fi)
French: strictement négatif (fr) m, strictement négative (fr) f
Greek: αρνητικός (el) (arnitikós)
Hungarian: mínusz (hu), negatív (hu)
Icelandic: mínus-, sem lýtur að frádrætti, frádráttar-, neikvæður (is), minni en núll
Italian: negativo (it) m, negativa (it) f
Japanese: 負 (ja) (fu)
Norwegian: negativ (no)
Polish: ujemny (pl)
Portuguese: negativo (pt) m
Russian: отрица́тельный (ru) (otricátelʹnyj)
Swedish: negativ (sv)

on the negative part of a scale

Armenian: մինուս (hy) (minus)
Basque: minus
Dutch: min (nl), onder nul (after the noun)
Esperanto: minus (eo)
Finnish: miinus (fi), pakkanen (fi) (of temperatures)
French: moins (fr)
Greek: μείον (el) (meíon), πλην (el) (plin)
Hungarian: mínusz (hu)
Icelandic: mínus-, neikvæður (is), minni en núll
Japanese: マイナス (ja) (mainasu)
Russian: ми́нус (ru) (mínus)
Swedish: minus (sv)

ranking just below a designated rating

Finnish: miinus (fi), miikka (fi) (slang)
French: moins (fr)
Hungarian: alá (hu)
Icelandic: mínus
Russian: с ми́нусом (s mínusom)
Swedish: minus (sv)

VerbEdit

minus (third-person singular simple present minuses, present participle minusing, simple past and past participle minused)

(transitive, colloquial) To subtract. [from 20th c.]
- 2011, Laura Christine Bofferding, Expanding the Numerical Central Conceptual Structure:
  Four plus one is 5 and you go down because it's minusing, […]

ReferencesEdit

Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “minus”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
minus at OneLook Dictionary Search

AnagramsEdit

in sum, munis, simun

Crimean TatarEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin minus (“less”).

NounEdit

minus

minus

DeclensionEdit

Declension of minus

nominative	minus
genitive	minusnıñ
dative	minusqa
accusative	minusnı
locative	minusta
ablative	minustan

ReferencesEdit

Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

Derived from Latin minus, from minor.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [ˈmiːnus]

AdverbEdit

minus

minus

NounEdit

minus m

minus
Antonym: plus

Related termsEdit

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [ˈminus]
Audio:
(file)
Rhymes: -inus
Hyphenation: mi‧nus

ConjunctionEdit

minus

minus
Tri minus du estas unu. ― Three minus two is one.

Antonym: plus
- 1961, Esperantologio, page 156:
  Ni povas principe eliri aŭ de la nominativa formo (finaĵo nul aŭ -s) aŭ de la genitiva formo (minus la finaĵo -os); […]
  (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 2008, Christian Declerck, Spitaj – kiel hidrargo, Antwerp: Flandra Esperanto-Ligo, →ISBN, page 85:
  ‘La universala estas la loka minus la muroj,’ diris Marteno.
  (please add an English translation of this quote)

AdjectiveEdit

minus

minus
- 1913, La Revuo, page 395:
  Ho mia Dio! la muro estas vertikala, eĉ negative kruta. La angulo kun la vertikalo estas minus kvin gradoj, ĉar mi ankoraŭ povas matematike pensi.
  (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 2015, Esteban Sánchez, Gramática Práctica del Esperanto, →ISBN, page 132:
  dek ok minus dudek estas minus du
  eighteen minus twenty is minus two
- 2019, Sten Johansson, Ne eblas aplaŭdi unumane, New York, N.Y.: Mondial, →ISBN, page 41:
  La taga temperaturo kutime restadis inter minus dek kaj dek kvin gradoj, kion oni ĉi tie konsideris milda.
  The daytime temperature usually stayed between minus ten and fifteen degrees, which was considered mild here.

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [ˈmiːnʊs]
Audio (file)

AdverbEdit

minus

(mathematics) minus, less
vier minus drei ist eins. ― 4–3=1

Synonym: weniger

Antonym: plus

InterlinguaEdit

AdverbEdit

minus (not comparable)

less (used to form comparatives)

le minus

the least (used to form superlatives)

AntonymsEdit

plus

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Italic *minos. Related to minor.

PronunciationEdit

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.nus/, [ˈmɪnʊs̠]
(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.nus/, [ˈmiːnus]

AdjectiveEdit

minus

nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of minor

AdverbEdit

minus

comparative degree of paulum
sīn minus/aliter/secus ― otherwise, if not

DescendantsEdit

Dalmatian: maine, men
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: meno
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: moins, meins
  - Middle French: moins
    - French: moins
Padanian:
- Piedmontese: meyn
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: menys
- Occitan: mens
Ibero-Romance:
- Old Leonese: menos
  - Asturian: menos
- Old Portuguese: menos
  - Galician: menos
  - Portuguese: menos
- Old Spanish: menos
  - Ladino: menos
  - Spanish: menos
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: minus (Nuorese)
Borrowings:
- → Czech: minus
- → English: minus
- → Esperanto: minus
- → German: Minus, minus
- → Interlingua: minus
- → Icelandic: mínus
- → Norwegian Bokmål: minus
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: minus
- → Polish: minus
- → Romanian: minus
- → Serbo-Croatian: minus
- → Swedish: minus

ReferencesEdit

“minus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
sin in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
“minus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
minus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Norwegian BokmålEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin minus.

AdverbEdit

minus

minus

Derived termsEdit

minustegn

ReferencesEdit

“minus” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“minus_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian NynorskEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin minus.

AdverbEdit

minus

minus

Derived termsEdit

minusteikn

ReferencesEdit

“minus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ˈmi.nus/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -inus
Syllabification: mi‧nus

NounEdit

minus m inan

minus, minus sign
Antonym: plus

DeclensionEdit

Declension of minus

	singular	plural
nominative	minus	minusy
genitive	minusa	minusów
dative	minusowi	minusom
accusative	minus	minusy
instrumental	minusem	minusami
locative	minusie	minusach
vocative	minusie	minusy

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin minus.

AdverbEdit

minus

minus

NounEdit

minus n (plural minusuri)

minus

DeclensionEdit

Declension of minus

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) minus	minusul	(niște) minusuri	minusurile
genitive/dative	(unui) minus	minusului	(unor) minusuri	minusurilor
vocative	minusule		minusurilor

Serbo-CroatianEdit

NounEdit

mínus m (Cyrillic spelling ми́нус)

minus sign
minuns, defect, deficiency

DeclensionEdit

Declension of minus

	singular	plural
nominative	minus	minusi
genitive	minusa	minusa
dative	minusu	minusima
accusative	minus	minuse
vocative	minuse	minusi
locative	minusu	minusima
instrumental	minusom	minusima

SwedishEdit

NounEdit

minus n

minus sign, minus

PrepositionEdit

minus

(mathematics) minus
Tre minus två är ett.
Three minus two is one.

Derived termsEdit

minusa

VepsEdit

PronounEdit

minus

inessive of minä

minus

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

NounEdit

SynonymsEdit

AntonymsEdit

TranslationsEdit

AdjectiveEdit

SynonymsEdit

TranslationsEdit

VerbEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

Crimean TatarEdit

EtymologyEdit

NounEdit

DeclensionEdit

ReferencesEdit

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

NounEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

AdjectiveEdit

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

See alsoEdit

InterlinguaEdit

AdverbEdit

AntonymsEdit

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

AdverbEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

EtymologyEdit

AdverbEdit

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

EtymologyEdit

AdverbEdit

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

DeclensionEdit

Further readingEdit

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

AdverbEdit

NounEdit

DeclensionEdit

Serbo-CroatianEdit

NounEdit

DeclensionEdit

SwedishEdit

NounEdit

PrepositionEdit

Derived termsEdit

VepsEdit

PronounEdit