st

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

st

(international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Sotho.

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Imitative. Compare hist.

InterjectionEdit

st

Expressing a sudden desire for silence.

TranslationsEdit

expressing a sudden desire for silence

Greek: σουτ (el) (sout), σσστ (ssst)
Hungarian: pszt, csitt (hu)
Latin: st
Norwegian: hysj
Swedish: sch (sv), hyss (sv)

Etymology 2Edit

Abbreviations.

NounEdit

st (plural sts)

Abbreviation of street. (Usually as “st.” Also as “st”. Sometimes capitalized.)
Abbreviation of Saint. (Always capitalized.)
Abbreviation of state.
Abbreviation of stone. (Not capitalized or usually spaced.)
- 1992 October 3, Edwina Currie, Diary:
  Weighed myself at the gym and have hit 10st 8lb, a sure sign of things getting out of control—so I can’t even console myself with a chocolate biscuit.
Abbreviation of store.
(knitting) Abbreviation of stitch.
- 1998, Kristin Nicholas, Knitting the New Classics, page 63:
  insert right-hand needle bet 2 sts just knitted
- 2009, Sally Muir; Joanna Osborne; Diana Miller, Pet Projects: The Animal Knits Bible, page 71:
  Knit 1 row. Dec 1 st at each end of next row and at each end of every foll alt row until 2 sts rem.
- 2011, Barb Brown, Knitting Knee-Highs: Sock Styles from Classic to Contemporary, page 55:
  Change to larger needles and knit 1 rnd in CC, inc 3 (4, 5) sts evenly […]

Derived termsEdit

st st

TranslationsEdit

street

Catalan: c. (ca)
Czech: ul. f
Georgian: ქ. (k.)
German: Str. (de)
Greek: οδ. (od.) (abbrev. for οδός; placed before the name of the street)
Hungarian: u. (utca)
Polish: ul. (pl)
Spanish: c/

saint

Georgian: წმ. (ka) (c̣m.)
German: St. (de)
Greek: Αγ. (Ag.), Άη (el) (Ái), Άϊ (Áï)
Hungarian: Szt.
Polish: św. (pl)
Portuguese: St. (pt)

state

store

Etymology 3Edit

st

(stenoscript) Abbreviation of sit, sat, set
(stenoscript) Abbreviation of satisfy and related forms of that word (satisfying, satisfied, satisfactory, satisfactorily, satisfaction, etc.)

AnagramsEdit

T's, TS, Ts, t's, ts

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [ˈstr̝̊ɛda]

NounEdit

st f

Abbreviation of středa (“Wednesday”).

DeclensionEdit

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

EgyptianEdit

PronunciationEdit

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛt/
- Conventional anglicization: set

Etymology 1Edit

PronounEdit

c pl or f sg 3. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

she, her, it, they, them; by Middle Egyptian often, but not exclusively, used for inanimate objects (see usage notes)

Usage notesEdit

By the time of Late Egyptian, this pronoun in the singular was no longer strictly feminine but common to both genders, as it had entirely merged with the masculine equivalent sw through sound change.

This form of pronoun is an enclitic that must directly follow the word it modifies. Its meaning depends on its context:

When it follows a verb, it indicates the object of the verb.
In the second and third person when it follows an adjective, it forms the subject of an adjectival sentence.
When it follows a relative adjective, such as ntj, ntt, or jsṯ, it indicates the subject of the relative clause (usually only in the first person singular and third person common).
When it follows an imperative, it indicates the object of the verb.
When it follows a particle like m.k, it indicates the subject of the clause.
When attached to a preposition, it indicates the object of the preposition.

InflectionEdit

Old Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
	number	first person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj¹	.ṯ, .ṯn	.f, .fj¹	.s, .sj¹
	dual	.nj	.ṯnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn		.sn

enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	w, wj, wy	kw, k, ṯw, ṯ	ṯm, ṯn	sw, s	s
	dual	—	ṯnj		snj
	plural	n	ṯn		sn

stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ṯwt	ṯmt	swt	stt
	dual	—	—		ntsnj
	plural	—	ntṯn		ntsn, jntsn

stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kj, .k	.tj, .t		∅, .j	.tj, .t
	dual	—	.tjwn		.wy, .wj	.ty
	plural	.wn, .nw	.tjwn		∅, .w, .y, .wy	.tj, .t
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle.

Middle Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
	number	first person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj¹	.ṯ, .t	.f, .fj¹	.s, .sj¹
	dual²	.nj	.ṯnj, .tnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn, .tn		.sn, .w³

enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	wj, w	ṯw, tw	ṯn, tn	sw, st	sj, s, st
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	plural	n	ṯn, tn		sn, st

stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ntk, ṯwt²	ntṯ, ntt, ṯwt²	ntf, swt²	nts, swt²
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	plural	jnn³	ntṯn, nttn		ntsn

stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kw	.tj, .t, .tw³		∅, .w	.tj, .t, .tw³
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	plural	.wn, .wjn	.tjwn, .tjwnj		∅, .w, .y

proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns³	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	sj, st
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns³	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle. Only in formal texts, especially religious texts. Only in postclassical (Neo-Middle Egyptian) texts.

Late Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
	number	first person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kw	.t	.f, .fj	.s, .st, .sw
suffix pronouns	plural	.n	.tn, .twn		.w, .sn¹

enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns¹	singular	wj	tw, tj		sw, st
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns¹	plural	n, wn	twn		sn, st

stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	mntk, mtwk	mntt, mtwy	mntf	mntst, mntjst
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	plural	jnn	mnttn		mntw

stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings¹	singular	.kw, .k	.tj, .tw		∅, .w, .y	.tj, .tw
	plural	.nw	.tn		∅, .w, .y
	unmarked (later)	∅, .tw

proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	st, sw
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st, sw, swt
Only in formal texts, especially religious texts.

Alternative formsEdit

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of st

st

Optional plural writing, later also for
the singular by confusion with the plural

Optional plural writing

For variant forms after this pronoun merged with sw, see that entry.

PronounEdit

c pl or f sg 3. proclitic (‘subject form’) pronoun

she, it, they [since the 17th Dynasty]

Usage notesEdit

This form of pronoun is a proclitic that must stand at the beginning of a sentence (generally adverbial) and cannot come after any particles. It always indicates the subject of the sentence.

InflectionEdit

Old Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
	number	first person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj¹	.ṯ, .ṯn	.f, .fj¹	.s, .sj¹
	dual	.nj	.ṯnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn		.sn

enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	w, wj, wy	kw, k, ṯw, ṯ	ṯm, ṯn	sw, s	s
	dual	—	ṯnj		snj
	plural	n	ṯn		sn

stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ṯwt	ṯmt	swt	stt
	dual	—	—		ntsnj
	plural	—	ntṯn		ntsn, jntsn

stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kj, .k	.tj, .t		∅, .j	.tj, .t
	dual	—	.tjwn		.wy, .wj	.ty
	plural	.wn, .nw	.tjwn		∅, .w, .y, .wy	.tj, .t
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle.

Middle Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
	number	first person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj¹	.ṯ, .t	.f, .fj¹	.s, .sj¹
	dual²	.nj	.ṯnj, .tnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn, .tn		.sn, .w³

enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	wj, w	ṯw, tw	ṯn, tn	sw, st	sj, s, st
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	plural	n	ṯn, tn		sn, st

stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ntk, ṯwt²	ntṯ, ntt, ṯwt²	ntf, swt²	nts, swt²
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	plural	jnn³	ntṯn, nttn		ntsn

stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kw	.tj, .t, .tw³		∅, .w	.tj, .t, .tw³
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	plural	.wn, .wjn	.tjwn, .tjwnj		∅, .w, .y

proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns³	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	sj, st
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns³	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle. Only in formal texts, especially religious texts. Only in postclassical (Neo-Middle Egyptian) texts.

Late Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
	number	first person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kw	.t	.f, .fj	.s, .st, .sw
suffix pronouns	plural	.n	.tn, .twn		.w, .sn¹

enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns¹	singular	wj	tw, tj		sw, st
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns¹	plural	n, wn	twn		sn, st

stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	mntk, mtwk	mntt, mtwy	mntf	mntst, mntjst
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	plural	jnn	mnttn		mntw

stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings¹	singular	.kw, .k	.tj, .tw		∅, .w, .y	.tj, .tw
	plural	.nw	.tn		∅, .w, .y
	unmarked (later)	∅, .tw

proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	st, sw
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st, sw, swt
Only in formal texts, especially religious texts.

Alternative formsEdit

See under the enclitic pronoun above.

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

f

throne of the king or of a god seen as a king [since the Pyramid Texts]
seat of the dead in the heavens or in the sun-god’s barque
palace of the king
residence
household
administrative office
(with a god’s name) temple or home of a god in the sky or duat
grave
building
place, location
- c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 153–154:
  
  ḫpr js jwd.k tw r st pn nj zp mꜣ.k jw pn ḫpr(.w) m nwy
  When your parting from this place comes to pass, you will never again see this island, which will have turned into water.
position or rank
rightful place or seat
- c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 22–23:
  
  šfyt ḥtp.n.s st.s fꜣw mn(.w) r hpw.f
  Dignity, it has taken its seat, and magnificence is established according to his laws.

InflectionEdit

Declension of st (feminine)

singular	st
dual	stj
plural	swt

Alternative formsEdit

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of st

[Pyramid Texts]

[later]

[Old Kingdom]

[since the Middle Kingdom]

[Middle and New Kingdom]

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Coptic: ⲥⲉ- in ⲥⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ (“birthing stool”)
Greek: -σης in νεφερσης (nephersēs, “byname of Isis”)

Etymology 3Edit

RomanizationEdit

st

Alternative transliteration of zt.

ReferencesEdit

James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 116 page 51, 116.
Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 77

IdoEdit

InterjectionEdit

st

hush!, sh!

LatinEdit

InterjectionEdit

st

shh!, shush!, hush!

ReferencesEdit

“st”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“st”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

SwedishEdit

NounEdit

st n

Nonstandard spelling of st..