tj

Central Mazahua edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /tʰ/

Letter edit

tj (upper case Tj)

A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

Egyptian edit

Pronunciation edit

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ti/
- Conventional anglicization: ti

Etymology 1 edit

Determiner edit

f sg proximal demonstrative determiner

(Old Egyptian) this

Usage notes edit

This demonstrative follows the noun it describes. By Middle Egyptian, it had become tw.

Inflection edit

Old Egyptian demonstratives

	determiners						pronouns¹	adverbs
number	singular		dual		plural		unmarked
gender	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	unmarked
proximal to speaker	pn	tn, jtn	*jpnj	*jptnj	jpn	jptn	nn	—
distal	pf	tf	*jpfj	*jptfj	jpf	jptf	nf	—
proximal to spoken of	pj, pw, py, p	tj, tw, jtw	jpwj	*jptwj	jpw	jptw	nw	—
vocative	pꜣ	tꜣ	—	—	—	—	nꜣ	ꜥꜣ
Unmarked for number and gender, but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms, and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns.

Middle Egyptian demonstratives

	determiners and pronouns			adverbs
number	singular		plural¹
gender	masculine	feminine	unmarked
proximal	pn	tn	nn	ꜥn
distal	pf, pfꜣ	tf, tfꜣ	nf, nfꜣ	ꜥf
‘copula’; vocative	pw, pwy	tw, twy	nw	—
anaphoric	pꜣ	tꜣ	nꜣ	ꜥꜣ
Joined by n(j) to nouns they modify.

Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles

	masculine	feminine	plural	adverb
pronoun	pꜣw			dj
determiners and pronouns	pꜣj	tꜣj	nꜣj
possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns)	pꜣy	tꜣy	nꜣy
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’)	p-n, pꜣ	t-nt, tꜣ	nꜣyw, nꜣ
definite articles	pꜣ	tꜣ	nꜣ¹
indefinite articles	wꜥ¹		nhꜣy¹
Originally joined by n(j) to nouns they modify; later without it.

Etymology 2 edit

Loprieno considers tj a development of (j)sṯ, stj (“while”), from Old Egyptian sk. Allen instead sees it as related to tjw (“yes”).

Particle edit

proclitic

converts a sentence with adverbial or verbal predicate into a dependent adverbial (circumstantial) clause; yea, while, when, although
Synonym: jsṯ

Usage notes edit

When the dependent clause introduced by tj has a personal pronoun as its subject, it takes the dependent form.

Alternative forms edit

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tj

tj

Etymology 3 edit

Pronoun edit

c sg 2. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

Late Egyptian variant of ṯw (“you”)

References edit

Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 145.
Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 77

Finnish edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

As toimitusjohtaja.

IPA^(key): /ˈteːˌjiː/, [ˈt̪e̞ːˌjiː] (rare)

Noun edit

tj

Abbreviation of toimitusjohtaja (“CEO, MD”).

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈteːˌjiː/, [ˈt̪e̞ːˌjiː]

Phrase edit

tj

(military slang) Initialism of tänään jäljellä (“days (specifically mornings, i.e. TJ 0 on the final day) left of military service (today)”, literally “left/remaining today”).
Tj on 347, kunnes toisin todistetaan.
One has 347 days left until proven otherwise.

Juǀ'hoan edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /tʃʼ/

Letter edit

tj (upper case Tj)

A letter of the Juǀ'hoan alphabet, written in the Latin script.