winnen
Contents
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch winnen, from Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
winnen
- (transitive or intransitive) to win, to triumph, to be victorious (in)
- (transitive) to acquire
- (transitive) to extract, to refine, to harvest (from base materials such as ore or crops)
InflectionEdit
| Inflection of winnen (strong class 3) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | winnen | |||
| past singular | won | |||
| past participle | gewonnen | |||
| infinitive | winnen | |||
| gerund | winnen n | |||
| verbal noun | — | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | win | won | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | wint | won | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | wint | won | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | wint | wont | ||
| 3rd person singular | wint | won | ||
| plural | winnen | wonnen | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | winne | wonne | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | winnen | wonnen | ||
| imperative sing. | win | |||
| imperative plur.1 | wint | |||
| participles | winnend | gewonnen | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived termsEdit
Low GermanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Low German winnen, from Old Saxon winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Compare Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, English win, Norwegian vinne, Swedish vinna.
VerbEdit
winnen (past singular wunn, past participle wunnen, auxiliary verb hebben)
- to win
ConjugationEdit
| infinitive | winnen | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | preterite |
| 1st person singular | winn | wunn |
| 2nd person singular | winns(t) | wunns(t) |
| 3rd person singular | winn(t) | wunn |
| plural | winnt, winnen | wunnen |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | winn | |
| plural | winnt | |
| participle | present | past |
| winnen | (e)wunnen, gewunnen | |
| Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. | ||
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Low German [Term?], from Old Saxon windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Compare German winden, Dutch winden, English wind.
VerbEdit
winnen (past singular wunn, past participle wunnen, auxiliary verb hebben)
ConjugationEdit
| infinitive | winnen | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | preterite |
| 1st person singular | winn | wunn |
| 2nd person singular | winns(t) | wunns(t) |
| 3rd person singular | winn(t) | wunn |
| plural | winnt, winnen | wunnen |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | winn | |
| plural | winnt | |
| participle | present | past |
| winnen | (e)wunnen, gewunnen | |
| Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. | ||
LuxembourgishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German wenen, from Old High German wennen. Cognate with German gewöhnen (with prefix ge-).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
winnen (third-person singular present winnt, past participle gewinnt, auxiliary verb hunn)
- (reflexive, with preposition un) to get used to, to adapt to, to familiarise with
- (transitive) to bring up, to raise, to nurture
ConjugationEdit
| Regular | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | winnen | |
| participle | gewinnt | |
| auxiliary | hunn | |
| present indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | winnen | — |
| 2nd singular | winns | winn |
| 3rd singular | winnt | — |
| 1st plural | winnen | — |
| 2nd plural | winnt | winnt |
| 3rd plural | winnen | — |
| (n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. | ||
Middle DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).
VerbEdit
winnen
- to win, to acquire through effort, to earn
- to acquire, to get
- to gain
- to delve, to mine
- to conquer, to take
- (of a male) to beget (a child), to sire
- (of a female) to give birth to
InflectionEdit
| Strong class 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | winnen | |
| 3rd sg. past | wan | |
| 3rd pl. past | wonnen | |
| Past participle | gewonnen | |
| Infinitive | winnen | |
| In genitive | winnens | |
| In dative | winnene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | winne | wan |
| 2nd singular | wins, winnes | wons, wonnes |
| 3rd singular | wint, winnet | wan |
| 1st plural | winnen | wonnen |
| 2nd plural | wint, winnet | wont, wonnet |
| 3rd plural | winnen | wonnen |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | winne | wonne |
| 2nd singular | wins, winnes | wonnes |
| 3rd singular | winne | wonne |
| 1st plural | winnen | wonnen |
| 2nd plural | wint, winnet | wonnet |
| 3rd plural | winnen | wonnen |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | win, winne | |
| Plural | wint, winnet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | winnende | gewonnen |
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “winnen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “winnen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929