See also: , , , and
U+4EF6, 件
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF6

[U+4EF5]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4EF7]

Translingual

edit
Stroke order
 

Han character

edit

(Kangxi radical 9, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹手 (OHQ), four-corner 25200, composition )

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 94, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 410
  • Dae Jaweon: page 200, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 122, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4EF6

Chinese

edit

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): (man) + (cow).

Etymology 1

edit
simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

edit

Note:
  • gyor5/goe5/gua5/gyann5/giann5 - vernacular;
  • goeng5/gyoeng5 - literary.
Note:
  • kiāⁿ/kiǎⁿ - vernacular;
  • kiān/kiǎn - literary.
Note:
  • jienn5 - vernacular;
  • jienn4 - literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
    Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕiã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian³¹²/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
    Xining /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕian¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕian²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn³⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕian¹³/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕian²¹³/
    Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕien⁴⁴/
    Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑi²³/
    Suzhou /d͡ʑiɪ³¹/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕie³⁵/ 一~衣裳
    /t͡ɕʰie³⁵/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiɛ²⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕiẽ⁵⁵/
    /t͡ɕiẽ¹¹/
    Xiangtan /d͡ʑiẽ²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /kʰian⁵³/
    Taoyuan /kʰien⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kin²²/
    Nanning /kin²²/
    Hong Kong /kin²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kian²²/
    /kiã²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kyɔŋ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kiŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /kiã³⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /kin³³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (30)
    Final () (79)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter gjenX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɡˠiᴇnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɡᵚiɛnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɡiænX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /gianX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɡjɛnX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɡĭɛnX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /gi̯ɛnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    jiàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gin6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    jiàn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ gjenX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ɡ]r[a][n]ʔ/ (no pre-Qín exx?)
    English item

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6183
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡranʔ/
    Notes

    Definitions

    edit

    1. (literary) to separate; to distinguish
    2. item; component
        ―  jiàn  ―  parts, components
        ―  língjiàn  ―  part, component
        ―  bèijiàn  ―  spare part
        ―  ruǎnjiàn  ―  software
    3. document; letter
        ―  wénjiàn  ―  document, file
        ―  yóujiàn  ―  mail
        ―  xìnjiàn  ―  letter
        ―  zhèngjiàn  ―  certificate, document, ID
    4. Classifier for things which can be numerically counted, such as pieces of luggage, clothes, events: piece
      東西东西  ―  jiàn dōngxi  ―  a thing
      [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 gin6 je5 [Jyutping]  ―  a thing
      襯衫衬衫  ―  jiàn chènshān  ―  a shirt
    5. a surname
    Synonyms
    edit
    See also
    edit
    • (tiáo, “classifier for pants”)

    Compounds

    edit

    Etymology 2

    edit
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to match; to equal”).
    (This character is a variant form of ).

    References

    edit
    • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
    • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 215.

    Japanese

    edit

    Kanji

    edit

    (Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    edit
    • Go-on: げん (gen)
    • Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)
    • Kun: くだり (kudari, )くだん (kudan, )

    Compounds

    edit

    Etymology 1

    edit

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Noun

    edit

    (けん) (ken

    1. case
    2. matter
    3. subject
      (にく)(けん)
      niku no ken
      about the meat; on the subject of meat
    4. (informal, always modified with a verb phrase) incident; happening
      ()てしまった(けん)
      katteshimatta ken
      how I accidentally bought it
      ()らない(あいだ)()えて(けん)
      shiranai aida ni fueteru ken
      how it's been increasing and I didn't know

    Etymology 2

    edit

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Noun

    edit

    (くだん) (kudan

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    1. example
    2. precedent
      (くだん)
      kudan no
      the ... in question; the said ...
      (くだん)(ひと)
      kudan no hito
      the person in question; the said person
    3. kudan; half-human, half-ox mythical creature

    Etymology 3

    edit

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Noun

    edit

    (くだり) (kudari

    1. clause, passage, paragraph
    2. precedent

    Korean

    edit

    Hanja

    edit

    (eumhun 물건 (mulgeon geon))

    1. hanja form? of (case)
    2. hanja form? of (matter)
    3. hanja form? of (subject)
    4. hanja form? of (example)
    5. hanja form? of (precedent)

    Vietnamese

    edit

    Han character

    edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: kiện, kịn, kẹn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

    edit