See also: , , , and
U+4EF6, 件
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF6

[U+4EF5]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4EF7]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 9, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹手 (OHQ), four-corner 25200, composition)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 94, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 410
  • Dae Jaweon: page 200, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 122, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4EF6

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意): (man) + (cow).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • kiāⁿ/kiǎⁿ - vernacular;
  • kiān/kiǎn - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
    Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕiã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian³¹²/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
    Xining /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕian¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕian²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn³⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕian¹³/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕian²¹³/
    Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕien⁴⁴/
    Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑi²³/
    Suzhou /d͡ʑiɪ³¹/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕie³⁵/ 一~衣裳
    /t͡ɕʰie³⁵/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiɛ²⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕiẽ⁵⁵/
    /t͡ɕiẽ¹¹/
    Xiangtan /d͡ʑiẽ²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /kʰian⁵³/
    Taoyuan /kʰien⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kin²²/
    Nanning /kin²²/
    Hong Kong /kin²²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kian²²/
    /kiã²²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kyɔŋ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kiŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /kiã³⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /kin³³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (30)
    Final () (79)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɡˠiᴇnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɡᵚiɛnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɡiænX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /gianX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɡjɛnX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɡĭɛnX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /gi̯ɛnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    jiàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gin6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    jiàn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ gjenX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ɡ]r[a][n]ʔ/ (no pre-Qín exx?)
    English item

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6183
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡranʔ/
    Notes

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. (literary) to separate; to distinguish
    2. item; component
        ―  jiàn  ―  parts, components
        ―  língjiàn  ―  part, component
        ―  bèijiàn  ―  spare part
        ―  ruǎnjiàn  ―  software
    3. document; letter
        ―  wénjiàn  ―  document, file
        ―  yóujiàn  ―  mail
        ―  xìnjiàn  ―  letter
        ―  zhèngjiàn  ―  certificate, document, ID
    4. Classifier for things which can be numerically counted, such as pieces of luggage, clothes, events: piece
      東西东西  ―  jiàn dōngxi  ―  a thing
      [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 gin6 je5 [Jyutping]  ―  a thing
      襯衫衬衫  ―  jiàn chènshān  ―  a shirt
    5. a surname
    SynonymsEdit
    See alsoEdit
    • (tiáo, “classifier for pants”)

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to match; to equal; matching; equal; etc.”).
    (This character, , is a variant form of .)

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    NounEdit

    (けん) (ken

    1. case
    2. matter
    3. subject
      (にく)(けん)
      niku no ken
      about the meat; on the subject of meat
    4. (informal, always modified with a verb phrase) incident; happening
      ()てしまった(けん)
      katteshimatta ken
      how I accidentally bought it
      ()らない(あいだ)()えて(けん)
      shiranai aida ni fueteru ken
      how it's been increasing and I didn't know

    Etymology 2Edit

    NounEdit

    (くだん) (kudan

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    1. example
    2. precedent
      (くだん)
      kudan no
      the ... in question; the said ...
      (くだん)(ひと)
      kudan no hito
      the person in question; the said person
    3. kudan; half-human, half-ox mythical creature

    Etymology 3Edit

    NounEdit

    (くだり) (kudari

    1. clause, passage, paragraph
    2. precedent

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    , eumhun 물건 (mulgeon geon)

    1. Hanja form? of (case).
    2. Hanja form? of (matter).
    3. Hanja form? of (subject).
    4. Hanja form? of (example).
    5. Hanja form? of (precedent).

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Nôm readings: kiện, kịn, kẹn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    ReferencesEdit