東西

See also: 东西

ChineseEdit

east west
trad. (東西) 東 西
simp. (东西) 东 西
 
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EtymologyEdit

Unknown. Many theories exist. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “needs a summary”)

Pronunciation 1Edit

Rime
Character 東 西
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I IV
Fanqie 德紅切 先稽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tuŋ/ /sei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tuŋ/ /sei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tuŋ/ /sɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/təwŋ/ /sɛj/
Li
Rong 		/tuŋ/ /sei/
Wang
Li 		/tuŋ/ /siei/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tuŋ/ /siei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dōng xī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dung1 sai1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 東 西
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dōng xī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tuwng › ‹ sej ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁoŋ/ (< *tˁoŋʔ ?) /*s-nˁər/
English east west

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 東 西
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 2435 13236
Phonetic
component 		東 西
Rime
group 		東 微
Rime
subdivision 		0 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		東 西
Old
Chinese 		/*toːŋ/ /*sɯːl/
Notes 種（種籽）初文，甲金文象種皮甲坼萌生根芽，
參敕字陳字注

NounEdit

東西

  1. east and west
  2. nearby; vicinity
  3. everywhere
  4. (literary) seventy to eighty years old

AdverbEdit

東西

  1. from east to west

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Pronunciation 2Edit

Note:
  • dōngxi - standard in China;
  • dōngxī - common in Singapore and Malaysia.
  • (Dungan)
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Nan
  • Xiang

    • NounEdit

    東西

    1. (chiefly Mandarin, Gan, Hakka, Jin, Xiang) thing; stuff; something (Classifier: 個／个; 件; 樣／样)
      我有東西要給你。 / 我有东西要给你。  ―  Wǒ yǒu dōngxi yào gěi nǐ.  ―  I have something for you.
      把我的東西還給我。 [MSC, trad.]
      把我的东西还给我。 [MSC, simp.]
      Bǎ wǒ de dōngxi huán gěi wǒ. [Pinyin]
      Give my stuff back.
      我還有很多東西要學。 [MSC, trad.]
      我还有很多东西要学。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ hái yǒu hěn duō dōngxi yào xué. [Pinyin]
      I still have a lot to learn.
      不存在的東西，我怎麼能夠看得到？ [MSC, trad.]
      不存在的东西，我怎么能够看得到？ [MSC, simp.]
      Bù cúnzài de dōngxi, wǒ zěnme nénggòu kàn de dào? [Pinyin]
      How can I see that which does not exist?
    2. Referring to a person or animal with emotion.
    Usage notesEdit
    • In Mandarin, whilst 東西／东西 can mean a thing in either a physical or abstract sense, 事情 (shìqing) only means a thing in an abstract sense.
    SynonymsEdit
    Dialectal synonyms of 東西 (“thing; object”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 物
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 東西
    Mandarin Beijing 東西
    Taiwan 東西
    Tianjin 東西
    Tangshan 東西
    Cangzhou 東西
    Baoding 東西
    Shijiazhuang 物件兒
    Chifeng 東西
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 東西
    Harbin 東西
    Shenyang 東西
    Muping 東西, 東兒, 物兒
    Qingdao 東西
    Jinan 東西, 黃子
    Luoyang 東西
    Wanrong 東西
    Zhengzhou 東西
    Xi'an 東西
    Yinchuan 東西
    Lanzhou 東西
    Xining 東西
    Ürümqi 東西
    Wuhan 東西, 家伙
    Chengdu 東西
    Chongqing 東西, 家私
    Guiyang 東西
    Kunming 東西
    Guilin 東西
    Liuzhou 東西, 物件 rural
    Xuzhou 東西
    Yangzhou 東子, 東西
    Nanjing 東西
    Hefei 東西
    Nantong 東西
    Malaysia 東西
    Singapore 東西
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 東西
    Cantonese Guangzhou 嘢
    Hong Kong 嘢
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 嘢
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 嘢
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 嘢
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 嘢
    Macau 嘢
    Panyu 嘢
    Huadu (Huashan) 嘢
    Conghua 嘢
    Zengcheng 嘢
    Foshan 嘢
    Nanhai (Shatou) 閒嘢
    Shunde 嘢
    Sanshui 嘢
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 嘢
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 嘢
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 嘢
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 嘢
    Doumen 閒嘢
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 嘢
    Xinhui 閒嘢
    Taishan 閒嘢, 嘢
    Kaiping (Chikan) 閒嘢, 嘢
    Enping (Niujiang) 家伙
    Heshan (Yayao) 閒嘢
    Dongguan 嘢
    Bao'an (Shajing) 嘢
    Qingyuan 嘢
    Fogang 嘢
    Yingde (Hanguang) 嘢
    Yangshan 嘢
    Lianshan (Butian) 功夫, 東西
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 功夫
    Shaoguan 嘢
    Qujiang 嘢
    Renhua 嘢, 東西
    Lechang 嘢
    Gaoyao 嘢
    Sihui 閒嘢
    Guangning 閒嘢
    Deqing 東西
    Huaiji 嘢
    Fengkai (Nanfeng) 嘢
    Yunfu 嘢
    Xinxing 家伙
    Luoding 嘢
    Yangjiang 嘢
    Xinyi 嘢
    Lianjiang 嘢
    Nanning 嘢
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 嘢
    Singapore (Guangfu) 嘢
    Gan Nanchang 東西
    Lichuan 東西
    Pingxiang 東西
    Hakka Meixian 東西
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 閒嘢, 嘢
    Huiyang 東西
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 東西
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 東西
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 嘢
    Conghua (Lütian) 東西
    Changting 東西
    Wuping 東西
    Liancheng 東西, 物事
    Ninghua 東西
    Yudu 東西
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 東西
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 東西
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 東西
    Dongshi (Dabu) 東西
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 東西
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 物件
    Hong Kong 東西
    Sabah (Bao'an) 東西
    Senai (Huiyang) 東西
    Huizhou Jixi 物事
    Shexian 物事
    Jin Taiyuan 東西
    Xinzhou 東西
    Linhe 東西
    Jining 東西
    Hohhot 東西
    Zhangjiakou 東西
    Handan 東西
    Min Bei Jian'ou 物事
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 物二
    Songxi 物事
    Zhenghe 二
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 二
    Jianyang 事
    Wuyishan 事
    Pucheng (Shibei) 契
    Min Dong Fuzhou 乇
    Changle 乇
    Fuqing 乇
    Pingtan 乇
    Yongtai 乇
    Gutian 乇
    Fu'an 乇
    Ningde 乇
    Shouning 乇
    Zhouning 乇
    Fuding 乇
    Matsu 乇
    Min Nan Xiamen 物件, 物
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 物件
    Quanzhou 物件
    Jinjiang 物件
    Nan'an 物件
    Shishi 物件
    Hui'an 物件
    Anxi 物件
    Yongchun 物件
    Dehua 物件
    Zhangzhou 物件
    Longhai 物件
    Changtai 物件
    Hua'an 物件
    Nanjing 物件
    Pinghe 物件
    Zhangpu 物件
    Yunxiao 物仔
    Zhao'an 物件
    Dongshan 物件
    Taipei 物件
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 物件
    Kaohsiung 物仔, 物件
    Yilan 物仔, 物件
    Changhua (Lukang) 物, 物件
    Taichung 物件
    Tainan 物仔, 物件
    Hsinchu 物件
    Kinmen 物, 物件
    Penghu (Magong) 物, 物件
    Penang (Hokkien) 物件
    Singapore (Hokkien) 物件
    Manila (Hokkien) 物件
    Longyan 物
    Zhangping 物
    Datian 物事
    Chaozhou 物件, 物
    Shantou 物件
    Lufeng 前後
    Haifeng 零細
    Bangkok (Teochew) 物件
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 物件
    Singapore (Teochew) 物件
    Leizhou 物
    Wenchang 物
    Haikou 物
    Qionghai 物
    Singapore (Hainanese) 物
    Puxian Min Putian 物乇
    Xianyou 物乇
    Min Zhong Yong'an 貨
    Sanyuan 貨
    Shaxian 貨
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 嘢
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 嘢
    Wu Shanghai 物事, 東西
    Chongming 物事
    Suzhou 物事
    Danyang 東西
    Hangzhou 東西
    Ningbo 東西
    Wenzhou 物事, 物色, 名堂
    Jinhua 東西
    Xiang Changsha 東西, 家伙
    Shuangfeng 東西, 家伙
    Derived termsEdit
    DescendantsEdit
    • → White Hmong: toobxib

    JapaneseEdit

    Kanji in this term
    東 西
    とう
    Grade: 2     		さい > ざい
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese 東西 (MC tuŋ sei). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) The sai of 西 changes to zai due to rendaku (連濁).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    東(とう)西(ざい) • (tōzai) 

    1. (collective) east and west
    2. (by extension) all over, here and there
    3. Orient and Occident
    4. (slang) a name of a good or money, originally a Chinese slang term

    Derived termsEdit

    Related termsEdit

    InterjectionEdit

    東(とう)西(ざい) • (tōzai) 

    1. Synonym of 東西東西 (“your attention please; hear ye”)

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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