東西

See also: 东西

Contents

ChineseEdit

		east	west
trad. (東西)		東	西
simp. (东西)		东	西

EtymologyEdit

Unknown. Plenty of theory exists.

Pronunciation 1Edit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dōngxī

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥ ㄒㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung¹ sai¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tûng-sî
• Min Nan (POJ): tang-sai

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: dōngxī
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥ ㄒㄧ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dongshi
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung¹ sai¹
    • Yale: dūng sāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung¹ sai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung¹ sei¹
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tûng-sî
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung´ xi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ xi¹
    • IPA: /tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕi²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tang-sai
    • Tâi-lô: tang-sai
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dangsay
    • IPA (Xiamen): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² saɪ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /taŋ³³ saɪ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² saɪ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ saɪ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ saɪ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /tuŋ  sei/▼

Rime
Character	東	西
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	德紅切	先稽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋ/	/sei/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋ/	/sei/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋ/	/sɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋ/	/sɛj/
Li Rong	/tuŋ/	/sei/
Wang Li	/tuŋ/	/siei/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuŋ/	/siei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dōng	xī

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤoŋ  s-nˤər/

  (Zhengzhang): /*toːŋ  sɯːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	東	西	西
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dōng	xī	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ tuwng ›	‹ sej ›	‹ sej ›
Old Chinese	/*tˤoŋ/ (< *tˤoŋʔ ?)	/*s-nˤər/	/*s-nˤər/
English	east	west	west
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	東	西
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2435	13236
Phonetic component	東	西
Rime group	東	微
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	東	西
Old Chinese	/*toːŋ/	/*sɯːl/
Notes	種（種籽）初文，甲金文象種皮甲坼萌生根芽，參敕字陳字注

NounEdit

東西

1. east and west
2. nearby; vicinity
3. everywhere
4. seventies
5. things producing from everywhere

AdverbEdit

東西

1. from east to west

Derived termsEdit

• 古今東西／古今东西 (gǔjīndōngxī)

See alsoEdit

• 南北 (nánběi)

Pronunciation 2Edit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dōngxi

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥ ˙ㄒㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung¹ sai¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): dung¹ xi
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tûng-sî
• Jin (Wiktionary): dung¹ xi³
• Min Nan (POJ): tong-si
• Xiang (Wiktionary): dong¹ si

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: dōngxi
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥ ˙ㄒㄧ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dong.shi
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi²/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung¹ sai¹
    • Yale: dūng sāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung¹ sai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung¹ sei¹
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: dung¹ xi
    • IPA ^(key): /tuŋ⁴² ɕi²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tûng-sî
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung´ xi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ xi¹
    • IPA: /tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕi²⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: dung¹ xi³
    • IPA (old-style): /tũŋ¹¹ ɕi⁴⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tong-si
    • Tâi-lô: tong-si
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dongsy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ³³ ɕi³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕi⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: dong¹ si
    • IPA ^(key) (old-style): /tʊŋ³³ si³/
    • IPA ^(key) (new-style): /tən³³ ɕi³/

NounEdit

東西

1. (chiefly Mandarin, Gan, Hakka, Jin, Xiang) something; thing; stuff (Classifier: 個／个; 件; 樣／样)

   我有東西要給你。 / 我有东西要给你。  ―  Wǒ yǒu dōngxi yào gěi nǐ.  ―  I have something for you.

   把我的東西還給我。 [MSC, trad.]
   把我的东西还给我。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bǎ wǒ de dōngxi huángěi wǒ. [Pinyin]

   Give my stuff back.

   我還有很多東西要學。 [MSC, trad.]
   我还有很多东西要学。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ hái yǒu hěn duō dōngxi yào xué. [Pinyin]

   I still have a lot to learn.

2. Referring to a person or animal with emotion.

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

• 不是東西／不是东西 (bùshì dōngxi)
• 小東西／小东西 (xiǎodōngxi)

• 買東西／买东西 (mǎidōngxi)

Usage notesEdit

• In Mandarin, whilst 東西／东西 can mean thing in either a physical or abstract sense, 事情 (shìqing) only means thing in an abstract sense.

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JapaneseEdit

Kanji in this term
東	西
とう Grade: 2	さい > ざい Grade: 2
on’yomi

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 東西 (MC tuŋ sei). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) The sai of 西 changes to zai due to rendaku (連濁).

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) と​ーざい [tóꜜòzàì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [to̞ːza̠i]

NounEdit

東西 (hiragana とうざい, rōmaji tōzai)

1. east and west
2. (by extension) all over, here and there
3. Orient and Occident
4. (slang) a name of a good or money, originally a Chinese slang term

Derived termsEdit

• 古 (こ)今 (こん)東 (とう)西 (ざい) (kokontōzai, “all times and places”)
• 東 (とう)西 (ざい)南 (なん)北 (ぼく) (tōzainanboku, “east, west, south and north”)
• 東 (とう)西 (ざい)冷 (れい)戦 (せん) (tōzai reisen, “Cold War”)

Related termsEdit

• 南 (なん)北 (ぼく) (nanboku): north and south - literally, south and north
• 和 (わ)洋 (よう) (wayō, “Japan and Europe”)

InterjectionEdit

東西 (hiragana とうざい, rōmaji tōzai)

1. Synonym of 東西東西 (“your attention please; hear ye”)

ReferencesEdit