傭

傭 U+50AD, 傭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50AD ← 催 [U+50AC] CJK Unified Ideographs 傮 → [U+50AE]

See also: 佣

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

傭 (radical 9 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人戈中月 (OILB), four-corner 2022₇, composition ⿰亻庸)

1. hire, employ, charter
2. servant

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 114, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1007
• Dae Jaweon: page 242, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 214, character 6
• Unihan data for U+50AD

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ChineseEdit

trad.		傭
simp.		佣

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 傭
Small seal script s05728
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (large seal) and Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
通	*l̥ʰoːŋ
俑	*l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ
蓪	*l̥ʰoːŋ
桶	*l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ
捅	*l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛	*l̥ʰoːŋs
筩	*l'oːŋ
誦	*ljoŋs
傭	*l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ
慵	*ɦljoŋ
鱅	*ɦljoŋ, *loŋ
滽	*loŋ
墉	*loŋ
鏞	*loŋ
鄘	*loŋ
槦	*loŋ
銿	*loŋ
甬	*loŋʔ
勇	*loŋʔ
涌	*loŋʔ
踊	*loŋʔ
蛹	*loŋʔ
恿	*loŋʔ
慂	*loŋʔ
悀	*loŋʔ
埇	*loŋʔ
踴	*loŋʔ
庸	*loŋ
用	*loŋs
佣	*loŋs

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yōng, yóng (yong¹, yong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ, ㄩㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁴, jung², cung¹
• Min Nan (POJ): iong

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: yung¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˊ
    • Wade-Giles: yung²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yong
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jung⁴, jung², cung¹
    • Yale: yùhng, yúng, chūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁴, jung², tsung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yung⁴, yung², cung¹
    • IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹/, /jʊŋ³⁵/, /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iong
    • Tâi-lô: iong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /jɨoŋ/, /ʈʰɨoŋ/▼

Rime
Character	傭	傭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	餘封切	丑凶切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋ/	/ʈʰɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋ/	/ʈʰioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋ/	/ȶʰioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋ/	/ʈʰuawŋ/
Li Rong	/ioŋ/	/ȶʰioŋ/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋ/	/ȶʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯woŋ/	/ȶʰi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóng	chōng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*loŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoŋ/, /*loŋ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yōng
Middle Chinese	‹ yowng ›
Old Chinese	/*loŋ/
English	hire
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傭	傭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15437	15444
Phonetic component	用	用
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	蹱	容
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰoŋ/	/*loŋ/
Notes		庸轉註字見莊子

DefinitionsEdit

傭

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

CompoundsEdit

• 傭人／佣人 (yōngrén)
• 傭作／佣作
• 傭保／佣保
• 傭兵／佣兵 (yōngbīng)

• 傭工／佣工 (yōnggōng)
• 傭給／佣给
• 傭耕／佣耕
• 僱傭／雇佣 (gùyōng)

• 女傭／女佣 (nǚyōng)
• 幫傭／帮佣
• 德潤傭書／德润佣书

ReferencesEdit

• (Cantonese) Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

傭

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: よ (yo)
• Kan’on: よう (yō)
• On: ちょう (chō)
• Kun: やとう (yatou), あたい (atai), ひとしい (hitoshii)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

傭 • (yong, chung) (hangeul 용, 충, revised yong, chung, McCune-Reischauer yong, ch'ung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.