Translingual
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Glyph origin
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|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 砢
|
*ɡ·raːlʔ
|
| 柯
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*kaːl
|
| 菏
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*kaːl, *ɡaːl
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| 牁
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*kaːl
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| 滒
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*kaːl
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| 哥
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*kaːl
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| 歌
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*kaːl
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| 謌
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*kaːl
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| 鴚
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*kaːl
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| 哿
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*kaːlʔ
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| 舸
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*kaːlʔ
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| 笴
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*kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ
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| 軻
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*kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls
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| 珂
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*kʰaːl
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| 可
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*kʰaːlʔ
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| 岢
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*kʰaːlʔ
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| 坷
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*kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls
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| 蚵
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*kʰaːls, *ɡaːl
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| 呵
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*qʰaːl, *qʰaːls
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| 訶
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*qʰaːl
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| 抲
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*qʰaːl
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| 荷
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*qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ
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| 何
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*ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ
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| 河
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*ɡaːl
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| 苛
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*ɡaːl
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| 魺
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*ɡaːl
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| 袔
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*ɡaːls
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| 阿
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*qaːl
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| 妸
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*qaːl, *qaːlʔ
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| 疴
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*qaːl, *kʰraːls
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| 鈳
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*qaːl
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| 娿
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*qaːl, *qaːlʔ
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| 痾
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*qaːl
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| 跒
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*kʰraːlʔ
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| 閜
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*qʰraːlʔ
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Stacked form of 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ).
Etymology
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- “elder brother”
- This sense is attested in Medieval Chinese, and became popular during the Tang dynasty, gradually displacing 兄 (MC xjwaeng).
- It is a clipping of 阿哥 (MC 'a ka), a borrowing from Xianbei *aqa (“elder brother”) (Mei, 2015). Compare Proto-Mongolic *aka, whence also Mongolian ᠠᠬᠠ (ak-a, “elder brother”). Related to 阿干 (MC 'a kan), which is the definite form of the same Xianbei word (Mei, 2015).
Pronunciation
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- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): gē (ge1)
- (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): go1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гә (gə, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): go1, go1-4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): go2
- Gan (Wiktionary): go1
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): kô
- (Meixian, Guangdong): go1
- Jin (Wiktionary): ge1
- Northern Min (KCR): gó̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): gŏ̤
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): ko / ko͘ / koh
- (Teochew, Peng'im): go1
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): go1
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
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| Character
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哥
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| Reading #
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1/1
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| No.
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7437
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Phonetic
component
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可
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Rime
group
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歌
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Rime
subdivision
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1
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Corresponding
MC rime
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歌
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Old
Chinese
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/*kaːl/
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| Notes
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後作歌
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Definitions
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哥
- older brother; elder brother
- older male relative of the same generation
- (honorific) term of address for a male person of the same age or older
- Short for 哥斯達黎加／哥斯达黎加 (Gēsīdálíjiā, “Costa Rica”).
- † Original form of 歌 (gē, “to sing; song”).
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of
哥哥 (“elder brother”)
[map]
| Variety
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Location
|
Words
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| Classical Chinese
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兄
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| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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哥哥, 兄長
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| Mandarin
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Beijing
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哥哥, 哥
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| Taiwan
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哥哥, 哥
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| Harbin
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哥哥
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| Shenyang
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哥哥
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| Yantai (Muping)
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哥
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| Jinan
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哥哥
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| Luoyang
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哥
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| Wanrong
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哥
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| Xi'an
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哥
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| Yinchuan
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哥哥
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| Xining
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阿哥
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| Ürümqi
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哥哥, 哥, 阿哥 Hui, ><
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| Wuhan
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哥哥
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| Chengdu
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哥哥, 哥, 哥老倌兒, 哥老倌
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| Guiyang
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哥哥, 哥
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| Kunming
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哥哥
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| Liuzhou
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哥
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| Xuzhou
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哥哥
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| Yangzhou
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哥哥, 哥
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| Nanjing
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哥哥
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| Hefei
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哥哥
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| Malaysia
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哥哥
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| Singapore
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哥哥
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| Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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大佬, 阿哥, 哥哥 ><
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| Hong Kong
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大佬, 阿哥, 哥哥
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| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
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哥哥 ><, 大佬 <>, 阿哥 <>
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| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
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哥哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
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阿哥
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| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
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哥哥 ><, 阿哥 <>
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| Macau
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阿哥 ><, 大佬
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| Guangzhou (Panyu)
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阿哥 ><, 大哥, 大佬 <>
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| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Guangzhou (Conghua)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Foshan
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
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阿哥
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| Foshan (Shunde)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Foshan (Sanshui)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Zhuhai (Qianshan)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Zhuhai (Doumen)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Jiangmen (Baisha)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Taishan
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>, 哥
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| Kaiping (Chikan)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Enping (Niujiang)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Heshan (Yayao)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Dongguan
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Yangjiang
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大佬, 阿哥
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| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
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阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>
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| Singapore (Guangfu)
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大佬, 哥哥
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| Gan
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Nanchang
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哥哥 ><, 兄 <>
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| Lichuan
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哥 ><, 兄 <>
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| Hakka
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Meixian
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阿哥
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| Xingning
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阿哥
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| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
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阿哥
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| Huiyang
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阿哥
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| Huidong (Daling)
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阿哥
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| Dongguan (Qingxi)
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阿哥
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| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
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阿哥
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| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
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阿哥
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| Wuhua (Shuizhai)
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阿哥
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| Wuhua (Huacheng)
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阿哥
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| Wuhua (Changbu)
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阿哥
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| Wuhua (Mianyang)
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阿哥
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| Wuhua (Meilin)
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阿哥
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| Heyuan (Bendihua)
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阿哥
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| Wengyuan
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阿哥
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| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
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哥哥
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| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
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阿哥
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| Liannan
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阿哥
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| Conghua (Lütian)
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阿哥
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| Jiexi
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阿哥, 哥
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| Luhe
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阿哥
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| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
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阿哥
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| Changting
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老伯
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| Wuping
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老伯
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| Wuping (Yanqian)
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老伯哩
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| Wuping (Pingyu)
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哥
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| Liancheng
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老伯
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| Ninghua
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老伯
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| Yudu
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哥哥, 老伯
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| Ningdu
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哥哥
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| Ruijin
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哥哥, 老兄
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| Shicheng
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老伯
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| Shangyou (Shexi)
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老伯
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| Tonggu (Sandu)
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哥哥
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| Ganzhou (Panlong)
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老伯
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| Dayu
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哥哥
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| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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阿哥
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| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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阿哥
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| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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阿哥
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| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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阿哥
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| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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阿哥
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| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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阿哥
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| Hong Kong
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阿哥
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| Yangxi (Tangkou)
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阿哥
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| Yangchun (Sanjia)
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阿哥
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| Xinyi (Sihe)
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大佬
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| Xinyi (Qianpai)
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阿哥, 大佬
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| Gaozhou (Xindong)
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阿哥
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| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
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阿哥
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| Huazhou (Xin'an)
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阿哥
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| Lianjiang (Shijiao)
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阿哥
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| Lianjiang (Qingping)
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阿哥, 大哥
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| Mengshan (Xihe)
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哥
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| Luchuan
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哥
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| Sabah (Bao'an)
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阿哥
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| Sabah (Longchuan)
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阿哥
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| Senai (Huiyang)
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阿哥
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| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)
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阿哥
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| Singkawang
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阿哥
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| Huizhou
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Jixi
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哥哥
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| Jin
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Taiyuan
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哥哥, 哥
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| Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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哥仔, 哥哥
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| Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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依哥
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| Fuqing
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哥, 阿哥
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| Matsu
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依哥
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| Singapore (Fuqing)
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阿哥
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| Southern Min
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Xiamen
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阿兄, 阿哥, 兄哥, 俺兄
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| Quanzhou
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阿兄
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| Jinjiang
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大兄
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| Yongchun
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阿哥, 哥, 阿兄, 兄
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| Dehua
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阿兄
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| Zhangzhou
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阿兄, 咉兄 <>
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| Zhao'an
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兄, 阿兄
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| Taipei
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阿兄
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| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
阿兄
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| Kaohsiung
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兄哥
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| Yilan
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阿兄
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| Changhua (Lukang)
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阿兄
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| Taichung
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大兄
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| Taichung (Wuqi)
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阿兄
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| Tainan
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阿哥, 兄哥, 兄哥仔
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| Taitung
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大兄
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| Hsinchu
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阿兄
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| Kinmen
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阿兄
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| Penghu (Magong)
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阿兄
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| Penang (Hokkien)
|
阿哥, 哥, 哥哥
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| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
阿兄, 大兄
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| Manila (Hokkien)
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阿兄, 哥仔 archaic
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| Chaozhou
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阿兄
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| Shantou
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阿兄
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| Jieyang
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阿兄
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| Bangkok (Teochew)
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阿兄
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| Johor Bahru (Teochew)
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阿兄
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| Singapore (Teochew)
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阿兄
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| Leizhou
|
兄 ><, 尼兄 <>
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| Wenchang
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阿哥
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| Haikou
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阿兄 ><, 阿哥 ><, 兄 <>
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| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
阿哥
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| Puxian Min
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Putian
|
阿兄
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| Xianyou
|
阿兄
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| Zhongshan Min
|
Shaxi (Longdu)
|
哥 ><, 大佬 <>
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
阿哥
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| Wu
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Shanghai
|
阿哥, 哥哥
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| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
阿哥
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| Suzhou
|
阿哥
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| Danyang
|
哥哥
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| Hangzhou
|
阿哥, 哥哥
|
| Ningbo
|
哥哥, 阿哥
|
| Wenzhou
|
阿大, 哥哥
|
| Jinhua
|
哥哥 ><, 哥 <>
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| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
老兄, 哥哥
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| Shuangfeng
|
老兄, 哥哥
|
| Note
|
>< - face-to-face; <> - non-face-to-face
|
Compounds
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Descendants
edit
- → Thai: โก (goo, “older brother”) (typically said by ethnic Chinese)
Japanese
edit
哥 (eumhun 성씨 가 (seongssi ga))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
edit
Han character
edit
哥: Hán Nôm readings: ca, kha
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
